Observable Physical Properties

5.6 (A) compare and contrast matter based on measurable, testable, or observable, physical properties, including mass, magnetism, relative density (sinking and floating using water as a reference point), physical state ( solid, liquid, gas), volume, solubility in water, and  the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy and electrical energy

Electrical Conductor: Most metals are materials that conduct electricity; steel, copper, gold.

Insulator: Energy that is prevented from flowing out of the conductor.

Electrical Energy: Moving, charged particles.

Magnetism: A force that attracts certain materials.

Mass: The amount of matter in an object that can be measured with a triple beam balance.

Matter: All things around us is made of matter.

Physical State: Solids, Liquids, and Gases, are all examples of physical state.

Relative Density: A comparison of how one object or substance sinks or floats in relation to water.

Solubility: The ability of a substance to dissolve.

Thermal Energy: The energy from moving particles of matter; it can be transferred from one substance to another as heat.

Volume: The amount of space occupied by an object.

Physical Properties: Characteristics of matter that can be observed without a change in composition, such as color, solubility, mass, and density.

Mixtures Maintaion Physical Properties

5.6 (B) demonstrate and explain that some mixtures maintain physical properties of their substances such as iron filings and sand or sand and water

Mixture: A combination of two or more substances

Conserve: To maintain or remain the same.

Physical Change: A change from one state (solid, liquid, or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition.

Substance: Matter with a certain set of properties.

Solid: An object with a set volume and shape.

Liquid: A state of matter which has no defined shape and flows freely.

Solutions

5.6 (C) compare the properties of substances before and after they are combined into a solution and demonstrate that matter is conserved in solutions

Dissolve: To break apart a substance into tiny particles that form a solution.

Evaporate: To change from a liquid to a gas when heat is added.

Solubility: The ability of a substance to dissolve.

Solution: A special mixture in which one substance is spread out evenly within another substance

Particles Make Matter

5.6 (D) illustrate how matter is made up of particles that are too small to be seen as air in a balloon

Particle: A small unit of matter.

Air: An invisible mixture of gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen.

Invisible: Incapable of being seen by the human eye.

Water Vapor: The gaseous form of water.

Microscopic: Too small to be seen by the unaided eye.

Gas: A physical state of matter with no definite shape or volume.

Solid: An object with definite volume and shape.

Liquid: A state of matter which has no defined shape and flows freely.