CHEMICAL BONDING
Chemical bonding provides the energy necessary to hold two different atoms together as part of a chemical compound, Strength of the bond depends on the molecules or atoms involved in the process of bond information
TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDING:
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Hydrogens Bonds
Metallic Bonds
IONIC BONDS
What is Ionic Bonds?
An Ionic Bond is when an electron leaves one atom and exothermically enters into orbit around other. Ionic bonds are generally formed between metals and non-metals.
A classic example of ionic bonding is between Na and Cl. Na is a silvery metal. It has 1 valence electron. Cl is a yellow-green gas, and it needs 1 electron to fill its valence shell. If you put the gas and the metal together, then they will burn as electrons are exchanged.
The metal dissolves and the gas disappears. The ions now have opposite charges and are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces. They form a crystal with the rock salt structure.
COVALENT BONDS
What is Covalent Bonds?
A type of chemical bond in which there is mutual sharing of electrons between two atoms is called covalent bond. It is further classified into single, double, and triple covalent bond with respect to mutual sharing of one, two, and three bonds respectively.
When two hydrogen atoms get close enough together, the attraction is balanced in both directions and they share the electrons between them. A covalent bond is made and hydrogen gas (H2) is formed. In the hydrogen molecule (H2) the darker area between the two nuclei shows where the two electrons, which are now shared, are most likely to be.
METALLIC BONDS
What is Metallic Bonds?
Metallic bonding is the type of bonding found in metallic elements. This is the electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalized outer electrons. Metallic bonding refers to the interaction between the delocalized electrons and the metal nuclei.
As the metal cations and the electrons are oppositely charged, they will be attracted to each other, and also to other metal cations. These electrostatic forces are called metallic bonds, and these are what hold the particles together in metals.