Creativity is not generated just by one individual, it usually is boosted by a group of people looking for the same thing. This is, for example, what happens at Silicon Valley: a group of creative people that got together in the same geographical place because there is a culture of acceptance to all kinds of diversity. This openness to the unknown and willingness to experiment helps creativity to flow in an easier manner.

Factors such as government, economical incentives and others help to promte this creativity environment, but they are not as important as people.

Nowadays, every business that wants to innovate constantly values creative minds a lot, implementing an innovation culture within themselves.

For example, a clear way of making this is by promoting a culture of failure tolerance, motivating and encouraging projects or entrepreneurship that their employees want to launch, whether they are sucessful or not, making people more risk prone. Also, the time schedules of this people are highly respected, letting them work at whichever times they prefer, without imposing to them the classic 9-5 schedule, allowing them to use the clothes, hairstyle, etc. that they want.

We have lots of groups of creative people in latinamerica. That is an excellent starting point so that we can have a Silicon Valley here. There are also lots of cities that encourage talent more than money, which is also a good indicator.

However, something that is also very important that allows the growth of an innovation community is access to quality education. Latinamerica is one of the worst places in the world regarding education, usually getting the last places in the PISA rankings, and local universities are usually not in the top spots of world rankings.

Failure tolerance is not high here either: people are fast to criticize people that had ideas that didn't work out. Also, being able to create your own business requires lots and lots of unnecessary steps, something that discourages a lot of people. In Peru's case, even when you are able to create your business, SUNAT is very quick to bother you with tax requierements.

As a personal experience, when I was in school I was part of Junior Achievement's program, where I got to be CEO of a very small business called Verkop, where me and 19 other classmates had our first entrepreneurship experience. Even when this program was meant to try and teach us how a business works and attempted to pull an innovative side out of us, all of the participants within the business were not of legal age (under 18s) and this was mainly an academic experience, we still had to pay SUNAT taxes as we had to "simulate a real environment".

For these reasons and more, it is complicated that a person like Elon Musk exists in a country like Peru. Musk has "failed" multiple times in his lifetime, but as he says "I never quit". In a country influenced a lot by traditional behaviours, where failure is very badly seen, it is likely that Musk would have given up after his first failed idea.

Lots of years have gone by since the book's publication at 2014, so when reading what were innovative and unknown things back then caused lots of confusion to me: lots of those inventions are already available to the general public and at relatively cheap costs.

For example, the author mentions self-driving cars, which are now a reality (although it's important to mention that tests are still being made) and are available to everyday people in certain places. Another example are 3D printers, not so unkknown back in 2014 but out of reach for most people. Nowadays, the offer ot this kind of printers has grown, and they are attainable by most people and nost just businesses.

This, though, brings an interesting point to the table: lots of the mentioned ideas in the book seemed like crazy back then, and are very common now. It is highly likely that a good amount of unknown or "crazy" things are going to be really common within five or ten years.

The secrets described by the author are as follows:

• Create an innovation culture.

• Foment education for innovation.

• Derogate laws that kill innovation.

• Estimulate investments in innovation.

• Globalize innovation.

Applying this five secrects in the correct way will allow a better implementation of the ecosystem that works as the main engine to boost creativity and innovation and, as the author says, the correct of these secrets and its positive consequences can already be seen in lots of countries and places of the world, even when other things that may seem as important for the correct propagation of innovation are present: left or right wing dictatorships as China or Singapore, democracies as Finland or Taiwan have been able to prosper more than latinamerican countries, and are filled with new creations and innovations thanks to its bet to education and innovation.

As the author mentions it we have entered an era where just the action of selling raw materials is not enough to being able to keep growing: we need to create and innovate, or, as the book says: create or die.