Targets



ARI-VDS Spring 24 Targets  



Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2), Klebsiella pneumoniae - Chase, Erna, Ivan 

Plasmodium vivax 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Pv6PGDH), Plasmodium vivax, - Celeste, Ifeany, Lorena A.

Trypanosoma brucei 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Tb6PGDH), Trypanosoma brucei - Megan, Albina, Nafisa

Francisella tularensis Enoyl-ACP reductase FabI (FtFabI), Francisella tularensis - Andrea, Dora, Salvador

Methenyltetrahydrofolate Synthetase (MTHFS), Mycoplasma pneumonia - Ethan, Charlotte

NDM-1 - Dylan, Chris, Sharon

NDM-Variants - .....




ARI-VDS Fall 23 Targets  



Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2), Klebsiella pneumoniae - Madison, Chris B, Vinu C, 

Plasmodium vivax 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Pv6PGDH), Plasmodium vivax, Michael, Riana P

Trypanosoma brucei 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Tb6PGDH), Trypanosoma brucei - Maaria S

Francisella tularensis Enoyl-ACP reductase FabI (FtFabI), Francisella tularensis - Zach, Taryn

Methenyltetrahydrofolate Synthetase (MTHFS), Mycoplasma pneumonia - Minh V, David Q

Wolbachia FabI, Brugia malayi  - Kat, Corrine M

NDM-1 - Aidan, Sophie H

NDM-Variants - Zoe S, Haily V, Isma K



D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (YpDalaDala), Yersinia pestis 

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase II (ACS2), Candida albicans   

Francisella tularensis Histidine acid phosphatase (FtHAP), Francisella tularensis - 

Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl ACP reductase (MtInhA), Mycobacterium tuberculosis  

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (FtALDH), Francisella tularensis 



IndRes Fall 23 Target

Trypanosoma brucei 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Tb6PGDH), Trypanosoma brucei - Nevan

NDM-1 / NDM Variants  -  Madi

Target -  Hiruni

FtFabI -  Lifei

Molecular Dynamics on various-  Maria G

TEM-1/NDM-1 for HRI work     & Other? -  Krithika 

Target -  Ravi 








FRI-VDS Summer  & Fall 23 Targets  


Protein Targets Vets & Springers:


D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (YpDalaDala), Yersinia pestis ..........Kim H, Sarah A

 D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (SaDalaDala)- Staphylococcus aureus - ..........Halimot B

Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (YpFabV) - Yersinia pestis -  .......... Aira B

Dihydrofolate reductase (SaDHFR)- Staphylococcus aureus - .......... Michelle J, Andrea (Lucy) M

Keto-acyl carrier protein reductase (PfFabG) - Plasmodium falciparum -..... Eleazar (Eli) G, Arnav P


Example Resources for Springers to find information on these targets: 

For organisms: look up on CDC, NIAID (Nat'l Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases), and Emerging Pathogens

For protein: look up on , Uniprot, PDB, PDB-101, BRENDA

Also, we have some TargetPages below on this page - search for keywords to find


Target-protein tyrosine phosphatase (Entamoeba histolytica).......................EhPTP............. - Vets in summer

NDM-Variants - Vets


Cloning: YpFabG .......... Michelle J, Eleazar (Eli) G,  Omkar, Kayla

Cloning: YpDHFR.......... Andrea (Lucy) M, Arnav P, Simon, Sadie

Cloning: Pf6PGDH..........Aira B,  Sarah A, Max, Anu

Cloning: PaDXR..........Kim H, Halimot, Harsha, Triyatha




Clone 

YpDHFR  TargetFall20: Dihydrofolate reductase (Yersinia pestis) ...........

SaDHFR  TargerFall20: Dihydrofolate reductase (Staphylococcus aureus) ............

Pf6PGDH TargetFall20: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Plasmodium falciparum)........

PaDXR -   TargetSumm20: DXP reductoisomerase (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ..........

Homology model

DXP reductoisomerase (Pseudomonas aeruginosa )....

SIMILAR TARGET (here is info on the H. pylori one: DXP Reductoisomerase

YpFabG  3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier protein) reductase  Yersinia pestis also known as: 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein)......

NEED TO CREATE PAGE

SIMILAR TARGET FOR COMPARISON: Target - RpFabG Fab G 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase 


YpFabV Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase  Yersinia pestis  (need to redo?)

Need Gblock: ...





ARI-VDS Summer 23 Targets  



Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2), Klebsiella pneumoniae - Madison

Plasmodium vivax 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Pv6PGDH), Plasmodium vivax, Michael

Francisella tularensis Enoyl-ACP reductase FabI (FtFabI), Francisella tularensis - Zach

Methenyltetrahydrofolate Synthetase (MTHFS), Mycoplasma pneumonia - Minh

Wolbachia FabI, Brugia malayi  - Kat

Trypanosoma brucei 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Tb6PGDH), Trypanosoma brucei - Nevan

NDM-1 - Aidan, Madi


D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (YpDalaDala), Yersinia pestis 

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase II (ACS2), Candida albicans   

Francisella tularensis Histidine acid phosphatase (FtHAP), Francisella tularensis - 

Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl ACP reductase (MtInhA), Mycobacterium tuberculosis  

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (FtALDH), Francisella tularensis 





ARI-VDS Sp23 Target Assignments


D-alanine-D-alanine ligase (YpDalaDala), Yersinia pestis - Vinu

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (FtALDH), Francisella tularensis - Nevan, Chris B

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2), Klebsiella pneumoniae - Roshni, Madison

Plasmodium vivax 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Pv6PGDH), Plasmodium vivax, Riana, Michael

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Aidan, David

Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl ACP reductase (MtInhA), Mycobacterium tuberculosis  Sophie, Priyam

Francisella tularensis Enoyl-ACP reductase FabI (FtFabI), Francisella tularensis  Taryn, Mason

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase II (ACS2), Candida albicans   Casey

Methenyltetrahydrofolate Synthetase (MTHFS), Mycoplasma pneumonia - Minh

Francisella tularensis Histidine acid phosphatase (FtHAP), Francisella tularensis - Zach

Wolbachia FabI, Brugia malayi  - Kat, Corrine

Trypanosoma brucei 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Tb6PGDH), Trypanosoma brucei - Maaria

TargetPages - Google Drive (folder with all the Target pages)

new target?: 


Target Ideas:

Neuro targets relevant to infectious disease

Other Neuro targets that are not infectious disease but that may be target by small molecules drugs

Another Interesting Target Idea (6/26/23) 

https://www.disperazol.dk/the-science-behind 




VDS Targets -Fall 22:  

ARI TARGETS



CaACS2 

HpFtALDH - Humberto

SmFBPase - Hafsah, Anish

TbMDH   - Alexa

FtALDH   - Claire, Sathvik

MpMTHFS - Shreyaa

YpDalaDala (Yersinia pestis) -  Ryan

Wolbachia FabI - Holden

NDM-1 -Jose

SaDalaDala -Staphlococcus aureus - available

Ft FabI (Francisella tularensis) - amp - Varsha

Tb6PGDH -Lorena 




Hafsah  - KPC-2 but switch back too......FtFabI (?)

Hriman - Psq2e (?)  quorum sensing




BpGmhA  (sedoheptulose-7-phosphate isomerase )  - Burkholderia pseudomallei  -  

SARS-CoV-2 - MPro

NDM-1 Variants project - 

White Nose Syndrome (WNS) bats- Sofia


FRI TARGETS

Vets - 



Springers - Clone new 


Fall 22





VDS Targets -Summer 22:  

ARI TARGETS

CaACS2 - Hriman

HpFtALDH - Humberto

SmFBPase - Hafsah, Anish

TbMDH   - available

FtALDH   - available

MpMTHFS - Shreyaa

YpDalaDala (Yersinia pestis) -  available

Wolbachia FabI - Holden

NDM-1 -Jose

SaDalaDala -Staphlococcus aureus - Griffin

Ft FabI (Francisella tularensis) - amp - Varsha

Tb6PGDH -Lorena 


BpGmhA  (sedoheptulose-7-phosphate isomerase )  - Burkholderia pseudomallei  -  available

SARS-CoV-2 - MPro - available

NDM-1 Variants project - available (All)

White Nose Syndrome (WNS) bats- Sofia

TIDES

Wolbachia FabI - Annmarie


FRI TARGETS

Clone new ones (from Fall 21)


FRI 

Existing targets with plasmids

MtInhA (FabI) - Maria (mentor), Isma  (mentor), 

MtDalaDala - Haily  (mentor)

Ft FabI - available

FtHAP - Mahi  (mentor), Zoe  (mentor)

ecDHFR - available

YpDalaDala- Lillian  (mentor), Gabriela (mentor)

SaDalaDala - available

Tb6PGDH - available

NDM-1 Variants project - available (All)



ARI-VDS Targets -Spring 22:  

ACS2         TargetFa21 - Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 2 (Candida albicans) ............ Asha A, Hriman

DXR          TargetFa21 - DXP Reductoisomerase (Helicobacter pylori)............ Humberto R, Michelle

ALDH      Target Fa21 -  Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (Francisella tularensis) ............ Claire V,  Sathvik


Spring 2022 Targets - 

Options:

Ft FabI  (Francisella tularensis) - amp - Varsha (ARI-Sp22)

ecDHFR (Escherichia coli) - kan

Wolbachia FabI - kan  - Holden (ARI-Sp22)

YpDalaDala  . . TargetFall20: D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (Yersinia pestis)  -kan  - Ryan (ARI-Sp22)

SaDalaDala  - SaDalaDala - d-alanine:d-alanine from Staphlococcus aureus - kan  - Griffin (ARI-Sp22)

NDM-1   - kan  - Jose (ARI-Sp22)

KPC-2

Tb6PGDH - Lorena (ARI-Sp22)

Target - TB6PGDH Trypanosoma brucei 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase  - kan


Use these to find your plasmids: 

VDS Plasmid Archive (mentors) VDS Plasmid Stocks (Students)


FRI:


Have plasmid?

 ecDHFR   vs   EhPTP or FtHAP

Or YpDalaDala  and MtDala

Or MtInhA

Or SaDalaDala  - Kaleigh’s








DESIGN & PURCHASE THROUGH GENSCRIPT or ADDGENE:

Inha (FabI in Mtuberculosis) - sequence backward (4/28/2021) - reordered & fixed, Genscript.

YpDHFR - wrong orientation 

YpDalaDala -  correct orientation, purchased from GenScript

UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (SpUGD): Streptococcus pyogenes  -    wrong orientation

pET15b-Fab1 / FabI  (Francisella tularensis) -  https://www.addgene.org/61690/   $75  (AMP plasmid)  - purchased from AddGene, prepared.


BpGmhA  (sedoheptulose-7-phosphate isomerase )  - Burkholderia pseudomallei  - purchased from AddGene

SARS-CoV-2 targets (MPro) for Broadbelt collaboration - purchased from AddGene

SaDalaDala - d-alanine:d-alanine from Staphlococcus aureus    - Kaleigh designed and ordered from GenScript


Others 

Fructose 1, 6 Bisphosphate Aldolase (Francisella Tularensis) - ??? wait on this one



Fall 21 - FRI

MtInhA (FabI) - Maria, Isma, Hosana, Katherine, Dylan


MtDalaDala - Haily, Krithika, Ravi, Vaishnavi, Ryan


Ft FabI - , Raiye, Hiruni


FtHAP - Mahi, Zoe, Rona


ecDHFR - Nathan, Khairat


Wolbachia FabI - Annmarie, Callee, Charlotte


YpDalaDala- Ahya, Lillian, Meghan, Laasya, Joanna, Gabriela



Spring21 FRI

EhPTP

FtHAP (FrTuHap)

Spring ARI

YpDalaDala    Target - D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (Yersinia pestis) ........................... Faroha

FtFabI    Target - Enoyl-ACP reductase FabI  (Francisella tularensis) ........................... Sage

SeSan - use Fall ELI target ........ Hoang

StRopB - use Fall ELI target ........ Tatum


VDS Plasmid Archive (mentors)                    VDS Plasmid Stocks (Students)

- use this spreadsheet to see where the plasmid is stored. Update spreadsheet as needed to match contents.

- also tells what the antibiotic resistance is so you know which plates to use.

* = transformation didn't work this time.

Orange ARI Plasmid Box:



VDS-ELI Fall 21:  

TEAMS:

Anish, Hafsah - use Anish's

Claire, Sathvik - use Claire's

Alexa, Sophia - use Alexa's

Humberto, Michelle - use Humberto's

Asha, Hriman, Madi - use Asha's

Shreyaa, Chloe - use Shreyaa's 


TBA           Target - protein name (organism name) ............ Madison B

TBA           Target - protein name (organism name) ............ Sophia De M


TBA          Target - protein name (organism name) ............ Chloe T

TBA         Target - protein name (organism name) ............ Sathvik V





VDS-ELI Fall 20:

BaLF    Target - Lethal factor (Bacillus anthracis) ............ Sofia A, Mahima S

MRSA-UppP    Target - Undecaprenyl-diphosphate phosphatase (Staphylococcus aureus) ............ Sebastian B, Dena A

SaDS    Target - Dehydrosqualene synthase (Staphylococcus aureus) ............ Sean L, Katherine H

MtAckA    Target -  ackA (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) ............ Mackenzie N, Annabelle V


Springers' Targets:

Target Selection Form for 2020 Springers

https://forms.gle/rTU2RqpvnT9bXhyx6

SELECTED FOR FALL 2020:

YpDalaDala  TargetFall20: D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (Yersinia pestis) ............ Michelle L, Ezequiel L, Kayla H, Iza H

YpDHFR  TargetFall20: Dihydrofolate reductase (Yersinia pestis) ............ Ethan W, Ximena P, Amanda P, Paarth P

SaDHFR    TargerFall20: Dihydrofolate reductase (Staphylococcus aureus) ............ Jake W, Arianna M, Douglas (Casey) S., Clara H.

Pf6PGDH    TargetFall20: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Plasmodium falciparum) ............ Vivek M, Jayme J, Erin B

NOT SELECTED FOR FALL 2020:

YpFabG    3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier protein) reductase  Yersinia pestis

------------ also known as: 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein)

YpFabV    Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase  Yersinia pestis

RpFabG    3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier protein) reductase  Rickettsia prowazekii

Tc6PGDH    6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase  Trypanosoma cruzi

FtDXPr    1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase  Francisella tularensis


VDS-FRI Summer 20:

TargetSumm20: DXP reductoisomerase (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) .......... Mohammad M, Soobin Y, Mackenzie C, Zohair A

- homology model ?

Original Organism

TargetSumm20: DXP reductoisomerase (Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv)

TargetSumm20: Fructose 1, 6 Bisphosphate Aldolase (Francisella tularensis) ............ Jimin C., Mengzhi F, Jeff H, Jadelynn A, Michael H

- homology model

TargetSumm20: Enoyl (ACP) Reductase, InhA (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) ............ Sandy B, Madison T, Shravya Y, Sarah M, Maryam S

TargetSumm20: Uridine Phosphorylase (Vibrio cholerae) ............ Sydney T., Diego F, Sahith K

TargetSumm20: UDP-glucose 6- dehydrogenase (Streptococcus pyogenes) ............ Jared L, Avery D, Zeehan D

TargetPagesList

Corona Virus Target Info

NotesCoronavirusProject - Google Docs

Target Idea:  small molecule inhibitor of Nsp1 would prevent Nsp1 from blocking up the human ribosome.

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.20.259770v1

Target Idea: determine function of unknown proteins in SARS-CoV-2, make homology models, and dock agains them

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2739-1

ARI-VDS Fall19/Spring20

Target - EhPTP (Entamoeba histolytica) ........................ ?

Target - (KPC-2) Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenamase-2 ........................ Colby B (19), Edwin C (19), Federico C (19), Kelsey G (Sp20), Shr-Je Michael F (Sp20), Sarah Z (Sp20), Vishal P (Sp20)

Target - TB6PGDH Trypanosoma brucei 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase ........................ Tram L(19), Fatima S(19), Tom S(19), Travis W, Jordan (Sp20), James S (Sp20), Nhat T (Sp20), Prarthana P (Sp20)

Target - PV6PGDH Plasmodium vivax 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase ........................ Kirtana M (19), Sarah M (19), Kaan K (19), Sahil S (19), Randy T (Sp20), Alia S (Sp20), Keerthana (Sp20), Wendy J (Sp20)

Target - MTDalaDala Mycobacterium tuberculosis D-alanine:D-alanine Ligase ........................ Julia A  (19), Danielle B(19), Cara Z (19), Derek S (19), Keren C (Sp20), Shivani P (Sp20), Carlos S (Sp20)

Target - NDM-1 New Delhi Metallo Beta Lactamase Klebsiella pneumoniae ........................ Alexandra B (19), Chantelle D (19), Farrah H (19)

Target - RpFabG Fab G 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase ........................ ?

Target - 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (P. falciparum) ........................ Kaarthik (12), Andrew (12), Alex (12)

Target - IMP-7: (metal-dependent), pET-28b, His Tag ........................ ?


TARGET DISCOVERY 

PART 1:

TDR Targets Searches Exercise (for practice)

PURPOSE:

find genes for these criteria using the TDR Targets webpage and then enter them onto spreadsheet:

Phosphatases in T. brucei that have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.5.

Phosphatases in T. cruzi that have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.5.

Phosphatases in P. falciparum hat have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.5.

Phosphatases in P. vivax that have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.5.

Phosphatases in T. gondii that have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.5.

Phosphatases in M. tuberculosis that have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.5.

Phosphatases in L. major that have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.5.

Reductase in all (except C. elegans) that have no transmembrane regions, have essentiality evidence, and are druggable at least to 0.6 (be sure to search for reductase and check the box for enzyme)

Spreadsheet for TDR Target Exercise  (Sp21)

TDRTargetsExercise_VDSSpring21 - Google Sheets

PART 2:

SELECTING YOUR TARGET

NOTE: do this ONLY after you have completed the above TDR Targets exercise.

Follow the rest of the Target Discovery Protocol and create a new Wikispaces page that has all the info you need for a target. (the Wikispaces page will link from here)

How To Create a New Target page

Login to Google Drive as VDSclass

Go to the TargetPages folder

Create a new Target page within the folder following the same name format as shown below 

*NOTE; Do not use "/" in your page titles

Genus and species name should be in italics

"TargetSp<YEAR> - <protein name> <Genus species> ................<your name(s)>"

"TargetSu20 - YopH Yersenia pesistis .........................Evan B (Su20), Anne G (Su20), ......

Paste a link to your newly created page below in the TargetPagesList

-make sure the link name matches what the filename is (don't just put a long Google link as the name)

Edit the page by copying and pasting the 'Format for Individual Target pages' shown below. Then fill in the respective information for each item....

Note: be sure to make your links active (hyperlinks in document). It helps speed reviewing. E.g. link your PDB page and papers - Thx, Dr B

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Format for Individual Target pages (copy and paste this list to new Target page and then fill in for your target):

Keep the prompts below as BOLD but unbold your responses after. Please try to make your hyperlinks active also.

*Target (protein/gene name):

* Original People Working on it:

Other people that have contributed (with date - e.g. Tom B  Sp18, Sally T  Su18)

*NCBI Gene # or RefSeq#:

*Protein ID (NP or XP #) or Wolbachia#:

*Organism (including strain):

Etiologic Risk Group (see link below):

*/Disease Information (sort of like the Intro to your Mini Research Write up):

Link to TDR Targets page (if present):

Link to Gene Database page (NCBI, EuPath databases -e.g. TryTryp, PlasmoDB, etc - or PATRIC, etc.)

Essentiality of this protein (how necessary is it to the survival or virulence of the pathogen):

Is it a monomer or multimer as biological unit? (make prediction at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/msd-srv/prot_int/pistart.html):

Complex of proteins?:

- e.g. does it need to exist as a mix with another protein (heteromer) to be functional (if so that means you have to make both proteins)

Druggable Target (list number or cite evidence from a paper/database showing druggable in another organism):

Is the structure and/or sequence different enough from Human to allow specificity?:

EC#:

Link to BRENDA EC# page:

-- Show screenshot of BRENDA enzyme mechanism schematic

Enzyme Assay information (spectrophotometric, coupled assay ?, reagents):

-- link to Sigma (or other company) page for assay (see Sigma links below)

-- -or link (or citation) to paper that contains assay information

-- links to assay reagents (substrates) pages.

--- List cost and quantity of substrate reagents, supplier, and catalog #

Structure (is there a PDB or would a Homology model need to be made?)

-- PDB # and hyperlink or closest PDB entry if using homology model:

-- is there a ligand present in the active site?

 -- is the substrate present in the active site?

-- if not ligand nor substrate - is there a fairly similiar structure from this organism or another organism that has a ligand in place to use for docking?

-- For Homology Model option:

---- Show pairwise alignment of your BLASTP search in NCBI against the PDB

---- Query Coverage:

---- Max % Identities:

---- % Positives

---- Chain used for homology:

Current Inhibitors (from Brenda, PubChem, Chembl, literature, etc):

Expression Information (has it been expressed in bacterial cells):

Purification Method:

Image of protein (PyMol with features delineated and shown separately):

*Amino Acid Sequence (paste as text only - not as screenshot or as 'code'):

*length of your protein in Amino Acids

Molecular Weight of your protein in kiloDaltons using the Expasy ProtParam website

Molar Extinction coefficient of your protein at 280 nm wavelength:

TMpred graph Image (https://embnet.vital-it.ch/software/TMPRED_form.html - NON FUNCTIONAL LINK 6/28/22). Input your amino acid sequence to it.

*CDS Gene Sequence (paste as text only):

*GC% Content for gene:

Do Not Need this info below this point for Spring (but still copy these lines to your Target page for now)

*CDS Gene Sequence (codon optimized) - copy from output of Primer Design Protocol (paste as text only):

*GC% Content for gene (codon optimized):

Primer design results for pNIC-Bsa4 cloning (list seqeunces of all of your ~40 nt long primers):

(link to DNA Works output text file - that should be saved in your Google Docs folder after you did the primer design protocol)

-- Ask a mentor, Dr. B, or a fellow researcher -how to link a GDocs file if you are not sure how to.

Primer design results for 'tail' primers (this is just 2 sequences):

Link to Control Ligands Spreadsheet


++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

END OF Format for Individual Target pages


**

RESOURCES TO USE FOR TARGET DISCO:

See ProtocolTargetDiscoveryVDS.docx for more

Etiologic Risk Group Categories (for pathogens): http://www.utexas.edu/research/rsc/ibc/agent_class.html#_Toc7238334

NIAID Catefory A, B, C Priority Pathogens

https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/emerging-infectious-diseases-pathogens

UT Libraries Page on BIOCHEMISTRY: http://guides.lib.utexas.edu/c.php?g=498744&p=3414807

PlasmoDB: http://plasmodb.org/plasmo/

EuPathDB: http://eupathdb.org/eupathdb/

EnsemblProtists: http://protists.ensembl.org/index.html

GeneDB: http://www.genedb.org/Homepage

Sanger Centre Plasmodium Genome Projects: http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/P_falciparum/

Medicines for Malaria Ventures: http://www.mmv.org

Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative: http://www.dndi.org/

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Pages/home.aspx

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital: http://www.stjuderesearch.org

Novartis Institute Tropical Disease: http://www.novartis.com/research/nitd/index.shtml

TDR Targets: http://www.tdrtargets.org

ChEMBLdb: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembldb

ChEMBL Blog: http://chembl.blogspot.com/

ChEMBL NTD (neglected tropical diseases): https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd

European PDB info (EMBL-EBI)

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/cgi-bin/pdbsum/GetPage.pl?pdbcode=1u72&template=ligands.html&l=1.1

Finding Homologous Structures of your protein in the PDB

To find homologous structures - go into the PDB and do an Advanced Search. One of the options on the pull down window on the Advanced Search page is Enzyme Classification. Type in your EC number.

It will give you a list - then narrow that down on the left hand side by other bacterial/protozoan organisms (pick ones that are more taxonomically similar to your organism)

NOTE: this just finds homologous enzymes - but these may not be sufficient for creating a homology model. Need to do BLAST pairwise comparison to determine that.

SIGMA-ALDRICH RESOURCES

Enzyme Explorer

http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/metabolomics/enzyme-explorer.html

Enzyme Classification Index (EC number)

http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/biochemicals/biochemical-products.html?TablePage=14573088

Enzyme Explorer Assay Library - has the awesome assays.

http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/metabolomics/enzyme-explorer/learning-center/assay-library.html

DrugBank http://www.drugbank.ca/

Bioinformatics resources 

(from:  Brandt GS, Novak WRP. SARS-CoV-2 virtual biochemistry labs on bioinformatics and drug design. Biochem Mol Biol Educ. 2020 Dec 10. doi: 10.1002/bmb.21480. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33301634).  (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33301634/

NCBI Database: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (protein and DNA sequences, full genomes, some links to papers)

Protein Databank: www.pdb.org (Database of all protein (and some RNA/DNA) structures that have been solved via X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy.)

PDBsum: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/ (a curated version of the PDB that gives immediate visual access to structures and automatically presents various kinds of structural information about each structure - it has a different search engine from the PDB and can sometimes give a slightly different and complementary perspective on what's in the Protein Databank.)

BLAST: blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (Will search for the sequence you provide (protein or DNA) among the database and come up with the most similar sequences)

ProtParam: http://web.expasy.org/protparam/ (Tool that will calculate the molecular weight, theoretical extinction coefficient at 280 nm, theoretical pI, and a few other useful parameters for a provided protein sequence.)

Clustal Omega: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalo/ (Align multiple protein or DNA sequences.)

SMART Protein Domains: http://smart.embl-heidelberg.de (predicts protein domains based on conserved domain types -- just enter your sequence or gene id)

Pfam (protein families) : http://xfam.org (provides information about specific protein families; predicts what protein family your protein may fall into)

BRENDA: http://www.brenda-enzymes.org/ (the comprehensive enzyme information system - truly comprehensive, and contains useful details on all experimental work done on any enzyme)

KEGG pathway database - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions, and relations: http://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway.html

BioCyc Database Collection (http://biocyc.org/) – a collection of 5711 Pathway/Genome Databases (PGDBs), plus software tools for understanding their data.

String Networks for predicting Protein:Protein interactions/relationships: http://string-db.org (predicts interactions between a specific protein and other proteins in the genome based on previous bioinformatics or biochemical data)

EMBL-EBI Database: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/services (another Bioinformatics database, this one from the UK)

UniProt Database: http://www.uniprot.org (another database for protein sequences and functional information)

A Plasmid Editor (ApE): http://biologylabs.utah.edu/jorgensen/wayned/ape/ A program that can be downloaded and find Open Reading Frames (ORFs) and translate DNA to protein. It also can be used to match a specific amino acid to a codon in the DNA sequence.

ORF finder (an on-line server for finding ORFS): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gorf/

Databases of genes/organisms:

http://www.niaid.nih.gov/Pages/default.aspx

http://eupathdb.org/eupathdb/

https://patricbrc.vbi.vt.edu/portal/portal/patric/Home

http://www.nmpdr.org/FIG/wiki/view.cgi/Main/EssentialGenes

http://tubic.tju.edu.cn/deg/

http://csgid.org/csgid/cake/pages/community_request_gateway

http://tdrtargets.org/

http://gsc.jcvi.org/status.shtml

Scientific Nomenclature page from Center for Disease Control (gene, protein names and abbreviations)

http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/pages/scientific-nomenclature.htm

Gene Information:

NCBI GENE Page: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene

BLAST Page: http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

Protein Information:

NCBI Protein Page: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein

Protein Expression Website

Protein Expression Paper: SGC_ProteinProductionPurificationNatMethods2008.pdf

BRENDA Enzyme database

Primer Overlap PCR Articles

HooverLubkowski_PCRoverlapcloninggnf042.pdf

StemmerPCRoverlapGene1995.pdf

Is my target good for Virtual Screening programs?

Reynolds_THermodynamicsLigandBinding_MedChemLett2011.pdf

NIAID Most Problematic Infectious Diseases

https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/infectious-diseases

UT Libraries Pages

Biomedical Big Data Resource Center

Biochemistry (Bioinformatics and Cheminformatics Tools)


++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++END OF TARGET DISCOVERY INFORMATION (for Spring FRI class)


Summer 2019

Target Voting sheet

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1pdJwjuDTja0lbMxgRPbecrV0LCnN6czybXj1fnj3yHQ/edit?usp=sharing

Summ/Fall 2018 & Summ/Fall 2019 Targets - FRI-VDS

Target-Lactate dehydogenase (Cryptosporidium parvum)..........................................Jacky X,  Hao Ting H, Sadiat A,  John M ('19), Supriya, Grace X, Michelle Y, Areeba A

Lactate Dehydrogenase, P. falciparum ..................................................................................Eduardo C, Salma G, Erina L, Rohan ('19), Joyance, Taran N, Nora A

6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative,  Leishmania major...................Anibeth C, Taylor S, Colby B, Dzung P. ('19), Sathwik, Katelyn J, Lauren M, Adam Y

6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative,  T. cruzi ......................................Tyler G, Aslinur O, Remya N, Alana ('19), Bryson U, Ann P., Angel C

D-alanine:D-alanine ligase, Bacillus anthracis..........................................................................Anthony Z, Sue Jin P, Tom S., Walker S ('19), Ting C, Yasmin T, Amy T, Vandan C

D-alanine:D-alanine ligase, Staphylococcus aureus....................................................................Michelle G, Inaara S, Pareesa H, Ellie ('19), Nhi H, Jen S, Kaleigh C, Christine E

D-alanine ligase (Yersinia pestis)...........................................................................Kelly K, Adekunle A, Yasmeen P ('19), Michaela T, Madi H, Kelly M, Akhil A.

Info on Targets from Fall 2018

Possibles for Springers in the Fall of 2019

S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (MetK), Burkholderia pseudomallei..................................................................................Moses A, Kellen R, Marie P

Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase, Listeria monocytogenes..................................................................................Travis W, Taylor G. 

D-alanine:D-alanine ligase, Vibrio cholerae..................................................................................Kaitlyn L, Marie L, Samuel O  (have Oligos from 2018 Fall though?)

Old targets that we dropped in the past due to expensive substrate concerns with the enzyme assay. Now we can work on cloning these because we will just do DSF)

Not used:

Dihydrofolate reductase,  Bacillus anthracis ..................................................................................none Su/Fa18

InosInosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase, Bacillus anthracis..................................................................................none (long Oligos)

Su/Fa18

Lactate Dehydrogenase, Plasmodium vivax..................................................................................none

Su/Fa18

Joey's structures: β-lactamase, Mycobacterium tuberculosis: 6B5X, 6B6B, 6B5Y, 6B68, 6B69, 6B6A, 6B6C, 6B6D, 6B6E, 6B6F

NOTE: use of DSF as first round of binding tests allows for a wider range of targets to be used. We are not limited by cost of substrate if not doing enzyme assays first.

Spring 2019 Target Selection Pages

ENTER THE LINKS TO YOUR TARGET PAGES HERE

For Example:

TargetSp18-Lactate dehydogenase (Cryptosporidium parvum)..................................................................................Jacky X,  Hao Ting H, Sadiat A

TargetPagesList

Summer 2018 Target Selection

Targets Triage Page Summ18

Voting Sheet -

Spring 2018 Target Selection Pages

ENTER THE LINKS TO YOUR TARGET PAGES HERE

For Example:

TargetSp18- Thymine Diphosphate-Glucose 4,6 dehydratase (//Bacillus anthracis)//.............................................................................................................Taylor G.

TargetSp18 - Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Leishmania Mexicana).............................................................................................................................Erina L.

TargetSp18 - GlcB malate synthase, Mycobacterium leprae ..........................................................................................................................................Remya N.

TargetSp18 - Dihydrofolate Reductase (//Bacillus anthracis//).......................................................................................................................................................Salma G.

TargetSp18 - Dihydrofolate Reductase Klebsiella pneumoniae......................................................................................................................................................Joe Y.

TargetSp18 - Probable Adenylate Kinase ADK (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).............................................................................................................................Safir A.

TargetSp18 - Trypanosoma Brucei dihydroorotate oxidase.............................................................................................................................................HaoTing Huang

TargetSp18 - Bifunctional N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GlmU) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.......................................................... Megan Vu

TargetSp18 - Beta-lactamase A, Yersinia enterocolitica...........................................................................................................................................................Anthony Z.

TargetSp18 - Catalase-peroxidase Mycobacterium tuberculosis............................................................................................................................................... Inaara S.

TargetSp18 - Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase Acinetobacter baumannii.......................................................................................................................................Mai D.

TargetSp18 - Alkaline metalloproteinase, //(Pseudomonas aeruginosa//).....................................................................................................................................Kelly K.

TargetSp18 - Enterotoxin C3 (SEC 3), Staphylococcus aureus...............................................................................................................................................Pareesa H.

TargetSp18 - Carbamate Kinase, Giardia Lamblia..............................................................................................................................................................Travis Woods

TargetSp18 - Zinc metalloproteinase, Bacillus anthracis..............................................................................................................................................................Marie P.

TargetSp18 - Exo-alpha-sialidase - Influenza A Virus..............................................................................................................................................................Michelle G.

TargetSp18 - Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase (Bacillus anthracis)..................................................................................................................... Aslinur O.

TargetSp18 - Dihydropteroate synthase TYPE 2 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain ATCC 25618/ H37Rv)..............................................................Colby Buckhanan

TargetSp18 - Octameric Enolase (Streptococcus pneumoniae)................................................................................................................................................. Moses A.

TargerSp18 - Ecto-ATPase (Balamuthia mandrillaris)..................................................................................................................................................................Taylor S.

TargetSp18 - Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (Mycobacterium tuberbulosis)..................................................................................................Marie L.

TargetSp18 - Probable cation-transporter ATPase I CtpI, Mycobacterium tuberculosis......................................................................................................Sanna Jawaid

TargetSp18 - UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamyl-2,6-diaminopi melate-D-alanyl-D-alanyl ligase Mycobacterium tuberculosis(H37Rv).......................Anibeth C.

TargetSp18 - ATP:protein-L-histidine N-phosphotransferase, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.....................................................................................................Eduardo C.

TargetSp18 - Dihydropteroate synthase Mycobacterium Leprae ..................................................................... Sue Jin P.

TargetSp18- Thioredoxin reductase (NADPH) Myobacterium Bovis.........................................................................................................................................Kellen R.

TargetSp 18 - KatE catalase Leptospira interrograns................................................................................................................................................................Samuel O.

TargetSp18- Phosphoglycerate kinase A (//Crithidia fasciculata//)...................................................................................................................................................Sadiat A.

TargetSp18- GMP Synthase //Methanocaldococcus jannaschii// ..................................................................................................................................................Lauren Y.

TargetSp18 - Lactate dehydogenase (//Cryptosporidium parvum//)..............................................................................................................................................Jacky X.

TargetSp18 - Dengue Methyltransferase........................................................................................................................................................................................Tom S.

TargetSp18- Lysyl tRNA Synthetase (Mycobacterium ulcerans).............................................................................................................Tyler G.

Perennial Targets

Target - Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase Yersinia pestis YopH (Bubonic Plague)-------------------- J.C.

Target-protein tyrosine phosphatase (Entamoeba histolytica)....................................Andee F. (Vicky G.) - ARISp16?

Summer 2017 Target Discovery

Revivals

Not Cloned Yet

TargetF15 - S-adenosylmethionine Synthetase (Mycobacterium tuberuclosis)....................................Bethany R., Ana R. Su17 - Alexandra B, Haoyi W, Marcus H.

TargetF15 - D-alanine Ligase (Listeria monocytogenes).....................................................................Simone M. Su17 - Edd E., Esther J.,

TargetF15 - 6-phosphoglucanate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative (Trypanosoma cruzi)...Diane C. Su17 - Kaan K, Sung-Hoon P,

TargetF15- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative (Leishmania major)....Mayur P.

TargetF15- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative (Leishmania major)....Mayur P.

TargetF15 - S-adenosylmethionine Synthetase (Burkholderia pseudomallei)......................................Matthew N., Justin H.

Target - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (Listeria monocytogenes) ------- Akhilesh, Mihir, Shane Fall17 - Irene C, Farrah H, Medha, Gina L.

Target - PP2C- Ser Thr Phosphatase (//Mycobacterium tuberculosis)//............ Fall17 - Nyssa BB, Gabriel H, Navya S, Cormac B,

Target - Inogranic pyrophosphatase (Burkholderia pseudomallei) .............................. Fall17 -Vivian C, Jaya S, Athena O, Daniel L, Todd

New

D-alanine ligase (Yersinia pestis)........................................................................................Su17 - Rosa J, Allison P,

6-phosphoglucanate dehydrogenase (//T. gondii//)................................................................... Su17 - Quynh (Megan) L, Shaochen (Tiger) Y

Not used

D-alanine ligase (//K. pneumoniae//)......................................................................................... not enough info for a target

6-phosphoglucanate dehydrogenase (//L. monocytogenes//)...................................................- Not enough info on essentiality

Target -1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (Francisella Tularensis)----------Janice, Aldo

TargetSp17 - NH3-dependent NAD synthetase (Clostridium botulinum)....Brian H. - good Dr B - No, is an Octamer. - DR. B

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=5BPF

ARI

RpFabG - Aparna

Geovanny - EhPTP & 6-phosphoglucanate dehydrogenase (P. vivax)

Tu - KPC-2 & ?

Lizzie - MtDalaDala

Nura - EhPTP & ??

Possibles for ARI (cloned into vector already):

Target - 6-phosphoglucanate dehydrogenase (P. vivax).............................................Nikki W., Carolyn T, ARI-Sp16: Cindy N.

Target- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (T. brucei).............................................................(Created by Emily J.) Researchers: Kavya K. and Vicky G. ARI-Sp16: Sam D.

Target - 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (P. falciparum)---------------------Kaarthik, Andrew, Alex

IMP-7: (metal-dependent), pET-28b, His Tag

Target - 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (P. falciparum)---------------------Kaarthik, Andrew, Alex

Spring & Summer 2017 Target Selection Pages

New Targets:

Good:

Okay:

Bad:

TargetSp16- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative Leishmania major ..............Laura L., Naren M

TargetSp16- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative T. cruzi............. Bella, Elisa P

TargetSp16- S-adenosylmethionine Synthetase //Mycobacterium tuberculosis// ....................Aakash B. , Kelly S, Priya G (Summ17)

TargetSp16- Tyrosine-protein phosphatase CpsB (//Streptococcus pneumoniae)// ...........Justin Kim, Rachel C

TargetSp16- Low Molecular Weight Phosphotyrosine phosphatase (//Vibrio Cholerae)// ......Hailey C., Tommy V

Fall 2016 Targets

TargetSp16- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative Leishmania major ..............Laura L., Naren M

TargetSp16- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating, putative T. cruzi............. Bella, Elisa P

TargetSp16- Glutathione reductase (Plasmodium falciparum 3D7)..............Jennifer A, Gayeong

TargetSp16- D-alanine ligase Listeria monocytogenes ............Amy Z, Akhila J, Josue

TargetSp16- S-adenosylmethionine synthetase Burkholderia pseudomallei ........... ???????

TargetSp16- N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (//Neisseria meningitidis)//........My Q., Shadi

TargetSp16- S-adenosylmethionine Synthetase //Mycobacterium tuberculosis// ....................Aakash B. , Kelly S PriyaG?

TargetSp16- Tyrosine-protein phosphatase CpsB (//Streptococcus pneumoniae)// ...........Justin Kim, Rachel C

TargetSp16- Low Molecular Weight Phosphotyrosine phosphatase (//Vibrio Cholerae)// ......Hailey C., Tommy V

TargetSp16- (FlaB)(Lyme borreliosis). . . .Jeremiah W.

TargetSp16 -sipD (Salmonella invasion protein D) Salmonella typhimurium .... Kelly S.

TargetSp16 - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Plasmodium falciparum)................. Paige M.

TargetSp16 - Beta lactamase class A (staphylococcus aureus) ...........................Maheen S.

TargetSp16- GuaA (Borrelia burgodorferi) . . . .Mandy B.

Target Sp16- AEK1 (//Trypanosoma brucei//).........Shadi D.

Target Sp16-manganese-dependent inorganic pyrophosphatase (Streptococcus agalactiae)....Elisa P.

Target Sp16- Glutathione reductase (Plasmodium falciparum 3D7)....................Jennifer A.

TargetSp16- TbPIP5K1 (phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase) Trypanosoma brucei...............Tarika S.

TargetSp16-Microcin C7 self-immunity protein MccF (Bacillus anthracis).........Daniella Perez

TargetSp16- Ribosomal RNA Large Subunit Methyltransferase Cfr (//Clostridium botulinum//) ..........Tommy V.

TargetSp16- 4-(cytidine 5' -diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase (Bacillus anthracis)..................Areeba K.

TargetSp16- 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate phosphate-lyase (Campylobacter jejuni)........Aakash B.

TargetSp16- Thioredoxin Reductase (Entamoeba Hystolica) ........ Marissa H.

TargetF15- phospholipase C (clostridium perfrigens).......................................Gayeong L.

TargetSp16- Shiga Toxin subunit B (//Shigella dysenteriae//).............Amy Z.

TargetSp16- Clostripain (Clostridium botulinum) ............Rachel C.

TargetSp16- Fb G 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase...........Rachna U.

TargetSp16- Serine-threonine protein kinase PknG (Mycobacterium leprae) ................Laura L

ARI Targets (Sp16)

TargetF15 - Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenamase-2 (Klebsiella pneumoniae..............................Jeffrey X.

TargetF15 - Verona-integron encoded Metallo-beta Lactamase (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)............Steven T.

Target - D-alanine:D-alanine Ligase. (M. tuberculosis)..............................................., Chris T. Charina B (VDS, ARI-Sp16)

Target - 6-phosphoglucanate dehydrogenase (P. vivax).............................................Nikki W., Carolyn T, ARI-Sp16: Cindy N.

Target- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (T. brucei).............................................................(Created by Emily J.) Researchers: Kavya K. and Vicky G. ARI-Sp16: Sam D.

POSSIBLES:

TargetSp13 - Fab G 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase.(Rickettsia prowazekii).LINK NO LNGER WORKS..........................RpFabG..........................Researchers: Priya P. Oscar V Betty H - - ARISp16 Ramiro, Aparna

Target - FabG 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier protein) reductase (P. falciparum) .......................... Researchers: Melissa H. & Jason P. - ARISp16: - Nishtha

Target - 3-oxoacyl- (acyl-carrier-protein) reductase (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)............ (Created by Caroline C) Researcher: Grace & Young - ARISp16 - Rayudu

Target-protein tyrosine phosphatase (Entamoeba histolytica).......................EhPTP.............Andee F. (Vicky G.) - ARISp16: Timothy, Brian

NDM-1 http://vdsstream.wikispaces.com/NDM-1+Beta-lactamase+Project ....................... ARISp16: Kyle, Sonia, Sarah, Sabi

Dr. B

Link to other page

filarial target

Wolbachia target

protozon (A, B, C) list:

White nose bat disease

Seattle Structural Genomics Targets - see my Targets folder.

Anaplasma, Babesia, Bartonella, Borrelia, Brucella, Burkholderia, Coccidioides, Cryptosporidium, Ehrlichia, Encephalitozoon, Entamoeba, Giardia, Mycobacterium, Rickettsia, Salmonella

Tryptophan synthase:    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/share/HW2QX5YPWAG4S6DVJVID?target=10.1002/pro.4236 

e tough decision to close Wikispaces. Find out why, and what will happen, here