Embedded Files
Annual Assembly Meeting
December 6, 2015
Installation of 2016 Officers and Christmas Party
President Benedict Duong (2014-2015) passes the gavel to incoming president Keith Lim then,
TTA celebrates Oliver Lee's 90th birthday followed by traditional Christmas party activities.
Director General TECO Honolulu Visit to TTA October 25, 2015
TTA Members .. ready for the Oct 10 March
Moon Festival 2015
Golden Palace - Sep 19, 2015
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Dr. Wai-Kit Nip's visit 24 May to view Tsing Tsin's 21st Anniversary Book
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UCS Picnic August 2015
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2015 Scholarship - May 3, 2015
Lisa Kau, winner of the 2015 Tsung Tsin Association Scholarship with scholarship committee.
Left to Right - Barney Bareng, Linford Chang, Carolyn Ballou, Benedict Duong with Lisa Kau
May 3, 2015 -- Presentation by George Chong
The Hakka People in Jamaica（占美加）
Compiled by Oliver Lee & George Chong
Click link for complete presentation with photos
Ø Basic data
o Location: An island located due south of Cuba
o Size: 4,244 square miles, slightly larger than Hawaii’s Big Island (4,028 sq. mi.)
o Current population size: Just under 2.9 million.
o Hakka Chinese 0.2% (5440)
· China born 2815;
· Local born 4061
o Chinese Colored 5515
o Chinese population:
· Peaked in 1970s at 11,800, when about half of them left because of fear of Socialist Government, and because of economic decline.
· After mass exodus in 1970’s, population in 1991 = 5372
o Government: Independent since 1962, member of the British Commonwealth.
Ø In 1963, Chinese monopoly in business and manufacturing. 90% in Dry Goods, 95% in Supermarkets.
Ø In 1980’s to 1990’s New Chinese came from Hong Kong, speaking Cantonese and Mandarin, and backed by the Peoples Republic of China.
Ø History of Chinese immigration (mainly Hakka) 1854 –
o 1854 -- Several thousand Chinese laborers were recruited by Panama to work on the first attempt to build a Panama canal. Prevalent diseases in the Canal Zone caused the Chinese to move to nearby Jamaica. 472 arrived, most of them soon died.
o 1864-1870 -- About 200 Chinese were recruited from Trinidad and British Guiana on 3-year contracts to work in sugar cane plantations.
o 1884 -- 680 Chinese from Bao’an, Dongguan, and Huiyang, but also 20 from See-yip sailed from Macao westward through the newly built Suez Canal to Europe, then across the Atlantic to Jamaica. Sailed for 67 days.
o 1886 – Chinese workers went on strike because of bad working conditions.
o 1880’s—At expiration of contracts, many workers started to leave the plantations and started to open shops of their own.
o 1904 – established Chinese Belevolent Association to assist Chinese community.
o 1910 -- Restrictions on Chinese immigrants began: written and oral exam in English French, or Spanish; Physical exam; 30 British pounds as deposit.
o 1918—Anti Chinese riots – Burning of shops at Ewarton.
o 1924—Started Chinese school. Chinese children learning the Hakka dialect and culture. Weekend classes for those attending regular English
o 1940 -- Chinese banned from entry, except for diplomats, tourists, and students.
o 1947 -- Annual quota of 20 Chinese immigrants
o 1950’s—Many Chinese Jamaican migrated to the U.K.
o 1956 -- Chinese quota abolished.
o 1965—Riots in Kingston, capital of Jamaica. Directed at Chinese businesses and people.
o 1970 and after -- Jamaica’s economy declined because of decline of aluminium industry. Many Chinese migrated from Jamaica to Toronto, Montreal, Ottawa, and Vancouver, New York, Miami. Majority went to Toronto, which now has a large Chinese Jamaican population. Very active in community affairs.
o 2000—Chinese Jamaicans in Toronto spearheaded the first North American conference of Hakka people. Subsequent conferences held 2004, 2008, and 2012.
The next conference is scheduled for Jul y 1,2,3, 2016
References:
1. The Chinese in Jamaica 1957 by Lee Tom Yin
2. Canadian Jamaican Chinese 2000 by Patrick A. Lee, Huntsmill Graphics Ltd.
3. Jamaican Chinese Worldwide 2004 – One Family. By Patrick A. Lee, Huntsmill Graphics Ltd.
4. The Shopkeepers- by Ray Chen , Periwinkle Publishers (Jamaica)
5. Jamaica – Pictorial—by Ray Chen
6. Wikipedia
Visit to Tsung Tsin, April 23
Guy Yeung: President, Wen Fa Association, Tahiti
Spring Banquet
March 28, 2015
Night In Chinatown
February 13, 2015
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