Syllabus (End Semester exam-2013)

UNIT-1

Introduction and need of Computer Graphics : Definition of Computer Graphics, Broad Areas of Computer Graphics (Generative Graphics, Cognitive Graphics, Image Processing), Application of Computer Graphics.

Block diagram of Computer Graphics systems: Necessary hardware requirements for Computer Graphics systems. 

Graphics display devices : CRT-Monochrome CRT, Color-CRT,  Direct View Storage Tube- DVST, Comparison between them.   

Flat panel devices: Plasma,LCD,LED, Comparison between these technologies and current trends.

Basic concepts and terminologies of Computer Graphics: Pixel, Frame Buffer, Refresh rate, Persistence, Aspect Ratio, Numerical problems related to transfer of image with  specified attributes. 

Block diagram of Raster Scan and Random scan system:Vectored Graphics, Graphics Card, Video Controller, Graphics Processing Units-GPUs. CPU v/s GPU. 

Input devices: Scanners -sheet feed, Hand-held, flat bed), Bar-Code Reader(s), Mouse, Keyboard

Output devices: Hard Copy devices-Printer, Plotter(s), Bio metric input/output  devices.

UNIT-2

Output Primitives: Development of algorithms and it's implementation  -Point plotting, Line drawing (using Cartesian equations , Parametric equations, Digital Differential Analyzer -DDA, Bresenham's algorithm with all cases), Circle and ellipse drawing algorithms (using Cartesian equations , Parametric equations, DDA, Bresenham /Midpoint with all cases ), Numerical problems and Programming exercise for all variants of these algorithms, Parallel line algorithms.

Polygon(s)-representation: Definition, types (Convex and Concave), Data structure implementations for polygon, Inside-Outside Test with (4 and 8 Connected Points), Filling of Polygon , Circle and ellipse .

UNIT-3

2D-Transformation: Mathematical Background of Transformation, Homogeneous co ordinates Derivations of Transformations (Translation, Reflection, Rotation, Scaling, Shearing, Reflection about arbitrary line y=mx+c ),Related numerical problems and Programs.

3D-Transformation:Mathematical Background of Transformation,Derivations of Transformations (Translation, Reflection, Rotation, Scaling, Shearing, Reflection, Projections ),Related numerical problems and Programs.

Segmentation: (Refer chapter-5, from book no 6 in the list given below), Display files, segment table, creating , closing , renaming and deletion of segments.

UNIT-4

Introduction to Windowing : Definitions of world coordinate system, normalized device coordinates, view-port coordinate systems, 2D -viewing transformation, Window to view-port transformation.

Introduction to Clipping: (Point, line, Polygon, Curve, Text clipping), Native Algorithm for point clipping , Native Algorithm for line clipping , Cohen -Sutherland line clipping, Parametric Liang-Barsky line clipping algorithm, Polygon clipping, Sutherland-Hodgeman Algorithm,Pipeline for area clipping process.Text Curve clipping Clipping algorithms(All or none sting clipping and all or non character clipping).

UNIT-5

Introduction to design of Curves: Parametric equations of curve, interpolation and approximation approach for curve representation, Piecewise curves, Splines, Cubic Splines, zero-order, first-order second order parametric and geometric Continuity, Bezier curves, Bezier surfaces, B-Spline curves and their properties.

Introduction to Back face detection Algorithms: z-Buffer, Depth Buffer, A-Buffer, Painter's Algorithm

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