Oracle Applications Release 12 is the latest release in the chain of E-Business Suite Releases by Oracle. This is a step towards Oracle Fusion as this uses Oracle Fusion Middleware applications in its base e.g. Oracle application Server 10g, Oracle BI Discoverer 10g etc.
This release came up with the new file system model i.e. segregation of Code, Data and Configurations to have easy maintenance and to avert NFS mount issues on shared Application tier configuration systems. Also Autoconfig will not write anything in APPL_TOP, COMMON_TOP area in R12. All instance specific configurations, log files are written in INST_TOP area. Instance Home provides the ability to share Applications and technology stack code among multiple instances.
The major changes in this release are :
On Middle Tier
Application Server version 1.0.2.2.2 is changed by 10g Application Server i.e. 10.1.3.X
mod_jserv is replaced by mod_oc4j
Apache which is part of Application Server mentioned above is changed from version 1.3.19 to 1.3.34
Long running Forms & Reports Version 6i (8.0.6) are replaced by Forms & Reports Version 10g i.e. 10.1.2.X
Java/ JDK version 1.3.X or 1.4.X will be replaced by JDK 1.5.X
On File System
There are three ORACLE_HOME, one for Web Server another for Forms & Reports and third for Database with the upgraded versions i.e.10g AS for Web Server, 10g AS for forms & reports , 10g R2 for database
A new top INSTANCE_TOP is introduced in Release 12 for configuration and log files along with the other TOP's in existing in 11i.
Sub component in Application Tier
1. HTTP Server or Web Server in R12 is Version 10.1.3 which is built on Apache version 1.3.34. In apps 11i it is Version 1.0.2.2.2 built on Apache Version 1.3.19
2. Jserv in apps 11i is replaced by OC4J (mod_jserv is replaced by mod_oc4j)
3. Forms Version 6i in Apps 11i is replaced by Forms 10.1.2.0.2 in R12
4. Reports Version 6i in Apps 11i is replaced by Reports 10.1.2.0.2 in R12
5. JDBC version is changed from version 9 in apps 11i to version 10.2.0 in Apps R12
6. modplsql or mod_pls is removed from Apps R12
7. Java processes use JDK/JRE version 1.5.0 in R12 against JDK version 1.3.1 or 1.4.2 in Apps 11i
8. For various environment variable changes check below picture and one new top was added in Release 12 for configuration and log files is called INSTANCE_TOP.
R12 E-Biz and Application Server 10g
There are two versions of Oracle Application server 10g (oAS10g) used,
The Oracle Application Server 10.1.2 ORACLE_HOME (sometimes referred to as the Tools, C, or Developer ORACLE_HOME) replaces the 8.0.6 ORACLE_HOME provided by Oracle9i Application Server 1.0.2.2.2 in Release 11i.
The Oracle Application Server 10.1.3 ORACLE_HOME (sometimes referred to as the Web or Java ORACLE_HOME) replaces the 8.1.7-based ORACLE_HOME provided by Oracle9i Application Server 1.0.2.2.2 in Release 11i.
Hence to take advantage of latest oc4j code 10.1.3 AS got introduced. But to support ebiz forms applications 10.1.2 AS introduced.