Seals on Ulleungdo

A Koren scholor insist "Gaejaedo"'(可支島/Seal island) be Liancourt rocks without evidence. Checking carefully on Ulluengdo Inspector's report, there are seal or sea lions on Ulleungdo in various records as follows;

There are the report which describes Seal island as follows;

1794.06.03 江原道觀察使沈晋賢狀啓言

二十五日 到長作地浦, 谷口果有竹田, 非但稀踈, 擧皆體小。 其中擇其稍大者斫取後, 仍向東南楮田洞, 則自洞口至中峰爲數十里許, 而洞裏廣闊基址, 顯有三處, 可作水田數十石下種之地。 前有三島, 在北曰防牌島, 在中曰竹島, 在東曰瓮島。 三島相距, 不過百餘歩, 島之周回, 各爲數十把, 險巖嵂?, 難以登覽, 仍爲止宿。

二十六日轉向可支島, 四五箇可支魚, 驚駭躍出, 形若水牛。 砲手齊放, 捉得二首, 而丘尾津山形, 最爲奇異, 入谷數里, 則昔日人家遺址, 宛然尙存。 左右山谷, 甚爲幽深, 難於登陟。 仍遍看竹巖、帿布巖、孔巖、錐山等諸處, 行到桶丘尾, 禱山祭海, 待風留住。 蓋島周回, 摠爲論之, 則南北七八十里許, 東西五六十里許。 環海則皆是層巖絶壁, 四方山谷, 則間有昔日人居之土址, 而田土可墾處, 合爲數百石下種之地。 樹木則香、栢、蘗、檜、桑、榛, 雜草則靑芹、葵、艾、苧、楮。 其餘異樹奇草, 不知名, 難以盡記。 羽蟲則雁、鷹、鷗、鷺, 毛蟲則貓、鼠, 海産則藿、鰒而已。

In this record, there are no grounds which supports Seal island is Liacnorut Rocks because no description about Liancourt Rocks..

First of all, on 25th maybe they stayed overnight on 楮田洞 southeast of Ulleungdo, maybe today's Jeodong芋洞 or dodong道洞 and they visited Seal island and hunting seals, then they climb the steep mountain and visited Jukam竹巌, Samseon Rocks帿布巖 and Hole Rocks孔巌 and Granite Rocks錘山, then arrival to Tonggumi 桶丘尾on Southwest of Ulluengdo. It can assumed during sun rising to sunset. Considering the boat speed at that time, it is impossible to go and return from Ulluengdo to Liancourt rocks day trip, then inspection many part of Ulleungdo. So it can assumed that Seal island would be nearby Ulleugndo with short trip.

The following data is the boat speed. Under the condition if they sailed 6km-8km per hour , it tooks 11hours to 14huors per way so return trip would be 22-28 hours. It is impossible to day-trip.

If Those Ulleungdo Korean official inspector would have been to Liancourt Rocks, through the rough and tough oceans, It would be great award expected so they might boast that "I d been sailed 200 ri from Ulluengdo to Liancourt Rocks" with loud voice. Ofoucrse there are no record like that.

Thera are many evidence which Seal or Sea lions on Ulleungdo and hunting there both Japanese and Korean. It may be Seal island on those records. But, it is not crutial resources founded. Personally I guess Hole Rock or small rock in front of Seal Point-Gabongdong southest cape of Ulluegdo, or Gwaneumdo with twin rocks.

1694.09 Jan han-sang's 張漢相 inspsction report, he said Sea lions on Ulleungdo.

1700.c.a. 西渓雑録の「張漢相 鬱陵島事蹟」

九月二十八九日両雪交下中峯腰上積雪尺許足齋島之四方乗船環審則壁崖撑空層巌壁立或有空缺處澗水成流以是大早不渇而其間細流乾渓不可弾記是齋蓋其周二日方窮則其間道里不過百五六十里之地是乎●南邊海濱有笪竹田三所東西北三方亦有笪竹田十一所足遣東方五里許有小一島不甚高大而大而海長竹叢生扵一面是齋両霽雲棬之日入山登中峯則南北兩峯岌嶪相向此所謂三峯也西望大関嶺逶迤之狀東望海中有一島杳在辰方而其大未満欝島三分之一遠不?過三百餘里而南方西方即杳茫無際水天一色是齋自中峯西至海濱三十餘里東至二十餘里南近四十里北至三十餘里西面泩来四望遠近憶＜度如斯＞是齋西邊大谷間有人居基祉三処又有＜●●●＞所北邊長谷又有人居基祉二処東南長＜谷亦有人＞【9】居基祉ニ所西南間大谷有基祉七所石葬＜十九所＞是齋舡泊䖏則東南間潤口厪容四五隻＜之䖏＞地而東南風則亦非可藏可●處是遣此䖏＜有＞釜二鼎而二釜一鼎則破傷釜鼎軆樣非我國之制也鼎則無芝無盖其大可炊二斗米釜則廣經尺許深可二尺容盛水五六桶是齋西邊大谷溪澗成川沿邊開豁此䖏為最而所泊舡䖏可避東南北風而西風則難避元浦船泊之所而又有一鼎可容斗米之炊而●是彼物是乎於北邊浦岸上有轆轤亦非我人所造是齋島中崗巒重疊而山腰以上則皆是石角腰下則土山而山勢絶險洞壑深邃連抱樹木參天而蔽日者不知幾其許●不喩積年空棄之地人遮不到故藤葛磐結有難排擠卒非人力之所可通逕小小澗谷不暇窮探是齋所謂樹木盡是冬栢紫測栢黄檗金椢木嚴木槐木榆木桑楡楮椒楓檜樹栢之類而

其中冬栢紫最多是乎於松木真木欅橡小木暇終無一株而羽則鳥鷗毛則柚兒而已此外他無飛走之屬是乎所既無人居又無木實可食而●是乎喩亦甚可怪是齋水族則只有可支魚而沿邊石堆䖏或十或百成羣穴居大如駒犢小如犬豕是乎於間有生鰒付諸岸磧者軆小而味薄是齋四方浦邊破船板木片片漂着者處處有之而或＜鉄釘＞或着木釘或有腐傷者而東南崖＜岸漂散＞【8】最多是齋竹田中東南麓三處最大＜而每処可＞落皮牟三十餘石是乎●且兩田斫竹龙＜多其傍斫＞置者無慮數千竿而或有陳枯者或有＜未幹者＞是齋自東南間從谷中向南至竹田有十五里許有小路此必取竹泩來之逕是齋大抵環一島皆名山四面壁立而少有●缺䖏則兩崍成間流水潺湲而已只一西山方麓開成洞門大川流出 而沙礫堆積 不能成浦船泊甚難是乎●中有峯密嵯峨洞壑面互雖無寬豁䖏猶可開墾是乎●至扵殘山平峽䖏或有人居基址石葬墓木連抱廃垣石堆而己即不知何代所居西落棄成土人遮石到者又不知其幾百年是乎●東南間間自舡舶處至竹田終次大樹皮上有刀刻字●而住兵衛又四郎彌吉等三人之名以倭書刻之而無姓名似之下倭之所為且其刻痕完全有若自然成字之状則可想其年久是乎於且釜鼎之或破或完者●生其蝕意非近年之所置畳

1786.07.04. ther reported by Lee, nearby Jeodong there are twin grott and Sea lions coming out from the hall.

1786.07.04 原春監司、李致中復命書（日省録）

二十九日解纜到苧田洞四船之人沐浴山祭後看審則自洞口至中峯二十餘里重峯疊嶂内外相連中有三峯 最秀此是一島之主鎭而洞裏石城痕周可數三里宛然猶存城内有大錐巖小錐巖石礎苧田等處土地平衍可墾田沓八九石落前進可支仇味則山腰有兩石窟其深難測可支魚驚 出投水之際砲手齊放捉得二首

1694年の張漢相の鬱陵島調査報告「鬱陵嶋事蹟」には、尾があるが鱗がない動物、つまり海驢がいたことが確認されている。およびそれを引用した五洲衍文長箋散稿) 巻35 鬱陵島事実弁証説 李圭景にもあしかの記載がある。

19世紀中期？ 五洲衍文長箋散稿) 巻35 鬱陵島事実弁証説 李圭景(1788～）http://dokdo.naezip.net/Dokdo/Document/Oju.htm

張漢相 探視後別單 木有冬柏紫檀側柏黃蘗槐椵桑楡桃李松橡 禽獸有烏鵲猫鼠 水族有嘉支魚 穴居巖磧 無鱗有尾 魚身四足 而後足甚短 陸不能善走 水行如飛 聲如嬰兒 脂可以燃燈(文獻備考 海中 無獸牛形 赤眸無角 羣臥海岸 見人獨行害之 遇人多走入水 名可之 按其皮不染水 可作鞍鞴靴鞋).

1807.05.12 report byu Kim, nearby Kamong香木亭（cape northeast of Ulleungdo）and Gong-am(孔巌), there are sea lion's skin which had hunted and dry it up at the coast nearby Hyonbo玄圃

1807.05.12 江原監司 金履喬以鬱陵島潛船不飭之順天等三邑守令論罪馳啓

四月初七日 到泊于本島 遍審島形 則左有黃土窟 右有屛風石 自黃土仇味至中峯似近三十里 而群峯崎屹泉水淸 冽間有人家居址 可田可畓爲四十餘石落 傍有香木亭 而有香木之斫置者 又有可支魚皮捉置者 此是潛船之所 爲北向十餘里矗石特立 於大洋之中 中有通船之孔名曰 孔巖 轉向錐山巖 巖形果如立錐 南有天底仇味 谷口深邃 爲十餘里 北有于山島 周回爲二三里 許南至都庄仇味 深入谷口 則有竹田 而多被潛船之亂斫 屢日 環島詳細搜探 則潛船捉得合爲十四隻 事拯驚駭十四隻 船主等欲爲縳來則 萬戶 帶去之 東萊倭學 李馥祥 蔚珍 沙格 李己丑 興海 沙格 金允石 等與潛船船主雄唱雌和非但顯有扶護之意潛船 沙格等一百五十餘名都聚一處呼天曰必死聲動一島爻象危怖外雖若畏㤼之狀而實有恃衆無忌之慮萬尸所領沙格亦皆暗聽 倭學 之指敎擧欲漫漶而彌縫手下聽令之員役只不過軍官鎭吏軍牢等合十一名而已實無抵當之勢不得捉來

1827.05.19 report said Seal cave on Ulluengdo there are sea lions.

1827.05.19 江原監司 鄭元容 以 鬱陵島 搜討馳達

狀達以爲鬱陵島搜討間二年擧行自是定式而今年搜討三陟營將 河始明牒呈內四月十六日與倭學崔甲文及所率負役沙格等八十人分載四船二十三日泊于本島看審則左有黃土窟右有屛風石自黃土邱尾至中峯爲五里而中有可墾田畓處或有古人所居之基址前進至浦口壁上有進上香木可封者故斫取後至萍卓邱尾則有大竹田而竹本稀疏取其中稍大者斫取而東至長沙邱尾望見竹田在於壁上俱是小竹入島三日詳察島內則周回殆近八九十里俱是石山而厥木則桑栢桐楡香榛之屬飛禽則烏雀鷗鶉走獸則猫鼠海錯則藿鰒雜魚又到可支魚窟則可支魚七八首驚人入海之際砲搏捉得二首二十七日還到泊於江陵而進上元封 紫檀香二吐 莫加封十吐 莫靑竹三箇 石間朱六升 可支魚皮二領 依例上送云本島圖形一本 可支皮二領 靑竹三箇 石間朱六升 紫檀香十二吐 莫一一尺 量後上送于備邊司

1831年05月14日-nearby 香木亭 and 玄石亀尾 , there are seals group.

1831.05.14 江原監司 尹聲大 以 鬱陵島 搜討馳啓

狀啓以爲今年搜討 三陟營將 李慶鼎 去四月初八日率員役到泊於 鬱陵島黃土龜尾 看審島形則屛風巖在其右 黃土窟在其左山頂香木 非不交翠而皆是短矮進上 香木 盡日搜括僅斫原數仍向玄石龜尾 則可友魚百十爲群吼哮如牛或砲或棒捉得二首仰看最高之峯是謂 朱砂峯 而環一島蹤跡殆遍搜察備至而幸無頉處矣本島圖形進上元封 紫檀香二吐 加封十吐 靑竹三箇 石間朱六升 可支魚二領 依例自臣營一一尺 量後上送于 備邊司

年6月28日 Arthor Adams reported that Seals on Ululengdo

HMS Samrang’s survey 1843-1846

( from ; Arthor Adams, Travels of a naturalist in Japan and Manchuria (1870))

We proceeded next to Dagelet Island where we arrived on the 28^th June, at which period the weather was in every way favourable for its examination. It is one of the discoveries of La Perouse, and named after the astronomer of the Astrolabe. As we pulled towards the island I found the description of the renowned navigator very exact. “Very steep,” as he says, “but covered with fine trees from the sea-shore to the summit. A rampart of bare rock nearly as perpendicular as a wall completely surrouds it, except seven little sandy coves at which it is possible to land.”

We saw the grand central peak towering four thousand feet above us, partially enveloped in clouds. Around its base were huge, detached rocks, some of them four or five hundred feet high, one resembling a sugar-loaf, and another a rude arch. Within a little distance from the shore, numbers of sea-bears, of a reddish-brown colour, came up repeatedly and barked around the boat. The mad pranks and uproarious conduct of these strange ursine creatures offered a striking contrast to the placid demeanour of the gentle Phocae, or common seals, which only raised their round hears above the water, wounderingly gazed around, and quitly sank again below the surface. Shoals of black-fish rose up further off, baring their dark rouded backs; while several right-whales were spouting in the far distance. Some flying-fish leapt from the water, pursued by a large fish of the mackerel tribe, a noticeable fact,- four seals and flying-fish are not usually seen together. As we neared the island the wave-beaten limestone barrier, weather-stained and variegated with encrusting lichens, towered up from the surface of the sea, crowned with fit-trees, sycamores, and junipers. The officers of the “Boussole” in La Perouse’s voyage did not land, and we were probably the first Europeans who had ever set foot on the island.

The shore is composed of great limestone boulders, worn round by the action of the waves; the tidal rocks are covered with barnacles and limpets; and I observed that Monodonta neritoides, had taken the place of M. Labeo, which is the common species on the mainland. The barnacles are Pollicipes and Conia, and the Littorina or periwinkle is similar to that of the mainland.

As we landed in a little bay we perceived three poor Koreans at work. We observed that they were engaged with adze and saw in repairing a dilapidated boat exactly as La Perouse found those he saw eighty years ago. They had dried vast nnumbers of haliotis or sea-ears, which they string upon rattans for the Chinese market, and sell at the rate of three hundred for a dollar. They likewise collect great heaps of dried seals’ flesh, near which I found a dermaster, a silpha, a nitidula, and a staphylinus,-all carrion-beetles.

We made our way into the densely-wooded interior by means of the dried-up watercourses, which form steep, rough paths among the trees. Fringing the shore were gigantic Archangelicae, on the milk-white umbels of which flies, beetles, and bees were numerous. A species of Cissus was trailing over the great round boulders, and here and there was a vinic loaded with bunches of small sour grapes. The common thyme and Scrophularia, a little yellow Sedum, and a large blue aster, enlivened the edges of the rocks. The wood was composed of sycamores and junipers, with the Sambucus japonicus, the berries of which are red and not black, as in the common elder. I was curious about the denizens of so small and isolated an island. The birds I observed were cormorants, hawks, gulls, pigeons, blackbirds, sparrows, and small birds like willow-wrens. The Korean fisherman dry large quantities of petrels, leaving their skins in mouldering heaps along the shore. The only indication of a manual I met with was the skull of a cat, which may have belonged either to a wild species from the mountainous interior of the island, or to a domestic animal wrecked in a junk. I found among molluses the very peculiar slug of the mainland, a creature with the mantle covering the whole of its back; a little shining land-shell, named Zua, and two species of snails. The only reptile I noticed was a small snake coiled up under a stone. Under the dead fallen leaves and flat stones, I found a centipede about four inches in length; besides two kings of “thousand-legs.” And a large, brown wood-louse, called Armadillidium by naturalists. As for the beetles, they were too numerous to mentin. We enjoyed a refectin in a small secluded cove, and them pulled partly round the island, admiring many rocky pinnacles and off-lying rugged arches, and then rejoined the ship, which was standing off and waiting for the boat.

1859. U.K H.M.S Actaeon landid on Matsushima-Dagelet(Ulluengdo) and inspection, they reported group of Sea lions bowing there. also, they marked Seal point on Ulluengdo detailed map, southest cape of Ulluegndo.

（Quote from secondary source; On the coast of Cathay and Gipango forty years ago, A record of surveying service in the China Yellow and Japan Seas and the seabord of Korea and Manchuria,Blakeney, William, R.N 1902.)

"The Actaeon have to for a few hours off Dagelet Island, which emerges in solitary grandeur from the floor(2.000 feet deep) of the Japanse Sea, and rises to 4,000 feet above it. It lies 100 miles distant from the mainland of Korea, is clothed with forest from the verge of perpendicular cliffs of 500 feet, and is 20 miles in circumference. On every side were herds of seals, filling the air with sorrowful sounding cries, perhaps from terror at our appearing. We could make no headway through the dense undergrowth. La Perouse discovered this island in 1786, but there is no record of his landing.

A few half-starved Korean fisherman were collecting sea-slugs, etc., for Chinese epicureans, but had only a ramshackleold junk in which to make the passage across a stormy sea in almost perpetual fog. A weild and lonely spot is Dagelet Island.

(Now under serching the original log)

1863. U.K navy Hidrographic office chart no. 2347 having Seal Point and Boussole Rock, based on the information by Actaon's survey on 1859.

#2347JAPAN(NIPON,KIUSIU & SIKOK KOREA 「Japan is compiled from a Japanese Government Map

By the way, same chart different year1855 version,、there are no description of Seal Point and Boussole Rock. The experience of Actaeon reports reflected after China Pilot Vol4 on 1864. China Pilot Vol3 they have no mentioned about Seal point and Boussole Rock.

･1864.China pilot Vol4

MATSU SIMA, or Dagelet island, is a collection of sharp conical hills, well clothed with wood, supporting an imposing peak in the centre, in lat. 37°30′N., long. 130°53′E. It is 18 miles in circumference, and in shape approximates a semicircle, the northern side, its diameter, running nearly E. by N. and W. by S. 6.25 miles. From each end the coast trends rather abruptly to the southward, curving gradually to the east and west, with several slight sinuosities until meeting at Seal Point, the south extreme of the island, off which is a small rock. There are several detached rocks along its shores, principally, however, on the north and east sides, some reaching an elevation of 400 to 500 feet. They are all, like the island, steep-to, and the lead affords no warning, but none of them are more than a quarter of a mile from the cliffs, except the Boussole rock, the largest, which is 7 cables from the east shore of the island. Hole rock on the north shore is remarkable, from having a large hole, or rather a natural archway through it, while nearly abreast it on the shore is a smooth but very steep sugar-loaf, apparently of bare granite, about 800 feet high. The sides of the island are so steep, that soundings could only be obtained by the Actaeon's boats, almost at the base of the cliffs, while in the ship at 4 miles to the southward no bottom could be found at 400 fathoms, and 2.25 miles north none at 366 fathoms. Landing may be effected in fine weather, with difficulty, on some small shingly beaches, which occur at intervals, but the greater part of the island is quite inaccessible. During the spring and summer months some Koreans reside on the island, and build junks which they take across to the mainland; they also collect and dry large quantities of shell-fish. Except a few iron clamps, their boats are all wood-fastened, and they do not appear to appreciate the value of seasoned timber, as they were using quite green wood.

1867.日本の地図、.大日本沿海與地圖 勝海舟 海軍伝習所には、

セエル崎（Seal Point）とホウリルロック(Hole Rock)（cf. they misunderstood Boussole rock as "Hole Rock"） same description on .大日本四神全図 by 橋本玉蘭政策の 1870.

1873. China Sea directory by U.K navy hydrographic office explains Actaon's survey on Dagelet-matsushima(Ulleungdo) with Seal point and Boussole Rock.

1873.British Publication "China Sea Directory," 1st Edition, Vol. 4 (1873)

MATU SIMA, or Dagelet island, is a collection of sharp conical hills, well clothed with wood, supporting an imposing peak in the centre, in lat. 37°30′N., long. 130°53′E. It is 18 miles in circumference, and in shape approximates a semicircle, the northern side, its diameter, running nearly E. by N. and W. by S. 6.25 miles. From each end the coast trends rather abruptly to the southward, curving gradually to the east and west, with several slight sinuosities until meeting at Seal Point, the south extreme of the island, off which is a small rock. There are several detached rocks along its shores, principally, however, on the north and east sides, some reaching an elevation of 400 to 500 feet. They are all, like the island, steep-to, and the lead affords no warning, but none of them are more than a quarter of a mile from the cliffs, except the Boussole rock, the largest, which is 7 cables from the east shore of the island. Hole rock on the north shore is remarkable, from having a large hole, or rather a natural archway through it, while nearly abreast it on the shore is a smooth but very steep sugar-loaf hill, apparently of bare granite, about 800 feet high. The sides of the island are so steep, that soundings could only be obtained by the Actaeon's boats, almost at the base of the cliffs, while in the ship at 4 miles to the southward no bottom could be found at 400 fathoms, and 2.25 miles north none at 366 fathoms. Landing may be effected in fine weather, with difficulty, on some small shingly beaches, which occur at intervals, but the greater part of the island is quite inaccessible. During the spring and summer months some Koreans reside on the island, and build junks which they take across to the mainland; they also collect and dry large quantities of shell-fish. Except a few iron clamps, their boats are all wood-fastened, and they do not appear to appreciate the value of seasoned timber, as they invariably use quite green wood.

1882. Corea, the hermit nation confirms there are Sea lions on Dagelet(Ulleugndo)

Corea, the hermit nation. I. Ancient and mediaeval history. II. Political and social Corea. III. Modern and recent history (1882) by Griffis, William Elliot, 1843-1928

Deer are very plentiful, and the best hartshorn for the pharmacy of China comes from these parts. Out in the sea, abut a degree and a half from the coart, lies and island, called by the Japanese Matsushima, or Pine Island, by the Coreans U-lon-to, and by Europeans, Dagelet, This island was first discovered by the French navigator, La Perouse, in June, 1787. In honor of an astronomer, it was named Dagelet Island. "It is very sttep, but covered with fine trees from the sea-shore to the summit. A rampart of bare rock, nearly as perpendicular as a wall. completely surrounds it, except seven sandy little coves at which it is possible to land." The grand central peak towers four sousand feet into the clouds. Firs, sycamores, and juniper trees around. Sea-bears and seals live in the water, and the few poor Coreans who inhabit the island dry the flesh of the seals and large quantities of petrels and haliotis, or sea-ears, for the markets or the main land. The island is occationally visited by Japanese junks and foreign whaling ships, as whales are plentiful in the surrounding waters. The Japanse obtained the timber for the public and other building at their new setlement at Gansan from this island.

1882 map by Lee Gyuwon, there are two grott named "可支窟” nerby Phoenix rocks

There are Seal Point/Cape Seal（海狗角）and ione small island on Ulluengdo

1886. 寰瀛水路誌 第二巻第二版 韓露沿岸』は、前述の.British Publication "China Sea Directory," 1st Edition, Vol. 4 (1873)から引用したものだが、これにもActaeonの成果が記載されている。同様にSeal Point/Cape Seal（海狗角）とその前面に岩があること、Boussole Rock(竹嶼）とHole Rock（孔巌）を記載している。

.鬱陵島一名松島（洋 名「ダゲレット」海軍海圖第九十五号第百四十一号第百六十九号英海軍海圖第二千四百五十九号を参観すべし） 此の島は隠岐を距る北西四分三酉約百四十里朝 鮮江原道海岸を距る約八十里の洋中に孤立す全党嵯峨たる円錐形丘陵の集合したるものにして樹木欝然として是を覆ふ而して其の中央即ち北緯三十七度三十分東 経百三十度五三分の地に高さ四千尺の一高峯あり島周十八里形チ半円に似て其径東微北より西微南に至る至る長さ六里四分一其両端より海岸突然南方に屈折しXて逐次に東及ひ西に曲がりて島の南単なる海狗（シール）角に至る而して其間の岸線は少しく出入す又海狗角の対面に一箇の小岩あり。【改行】 島岸に沿って数岩あり陸岸と連ならす其過半は東北両岸の間に居り其内数岩は高さ四百尺より五百尺に至る○各岩鬱陵島の如く 界にして投鉛も亦Xみ と為すに足らす竹嶼洋名「ボーッソール」岩を除く外余は皆石崖クリツフを距る四分里一を出でず竹嶼は最大岩にして島の東濱を距る七 金蓮の地に位す又島の 北濱に近く孔岩ホールロックあり岩側一大孔あるをもって以て其形頗る奇なり此岩と相対せる陸岸に花崗石グラニツトの一山あり滑面秀 険峻にして形チ糖塔の 如し而して其高さ大約八百尺なり。【改行】 鬱陵島の各側は極めて 界なり曾て英艦「アクテオン」号は島を距る南方四里の処を錘測し四百尋の鉛錘を下沈したれも海底一の地を測し三百六十六尋に及へも猶ほ末た海底に達せさりき因て端艇を遣り島岸至近を錘測せしめしに石崖下に至りて始て水深を得たりと云ふ○島岸X阻にして登攀す可からす唯天気温和なる時は磔濱の処より岸に登るを得べし然れX亦甚た難し【改行】

1891.08.16. 江原道關草には、鬱陵島の産物であるアシカの皮を恒例に進上しているとの記載がある。

越松萬戶가 鬱陵島를 搜討한 후 該島의 圖形과 進上하는 紫丹香 12吐‚ 靑竹 3箇‚ 可支魚皮 2領‚ 石間朱 6升을 監封하여 內務府에 올려보냈으며‚ 民戶와 墾田의 成冊도 修呈하였다는 報告

1893.09.20 江原道關草にも同様に鬱陵島の産物であるアシカの皮を恒例に進上しているとの記載がある。

平海에서 鬱陵島를 搜討한 후 바친 圖形 1本과 紫檀香 元封 2吐‚ 加封 10吐‚ 靑竹 3介‚ 石間朱 6升‚ 可支魚皮 2領을 監封하여 內務府에 上送하였고‚ 民戶 및 墾田의 成冊도 수정하여 올려보낸다는 報告.

1904.01. 普賢寺監視韓国出張調査報告書 / 普賢寺達雄述，横浜税関, 明３７．１. - (税関月報附録 ; 第１５)

rom Ulluengdo鬱陵島 to hanwondo威鏡道, there are seals , Japan and U.S ship hunting it.

三月至る五月 膃肭臍 威鏡道沿岸より鬱陵島附近

おっとせい 明治三十四年の春に当たり帝国水産会社は其の海王丸をもって元山の沖合い数百里の間を探見せしめし結果道海中におっとせいの浮遊するを認め同年四五月の間に六百数十頭を銃猟したるがX来同業者之を聞知し昨年の如きは米国船も亦此方面に出猟し内外船の捕獲せし総数六千四十四頭に上り漁業上本道海上に一生面を開くに至れり…….

1904.03年の北清及韓国海事取調書，逓信省管船局, 明３７．３

From Ulluengdo to hanwondo, there are seals , Japan and U.S ship hunting it.

朝鮮近海に於ける遠洋漁業は膃肭臍猟捕鯨及明太漁 膃肭臍漁 朝鮮近海の膃肭臍棲息区域は江原道鬱陵島以北威鏡道一帯の沖合にして其季節は三月初旬より回遊し始め五月頃最も多く六月下旬より其の遊跡を減す此獣は元と薩口合X連 島の東岸なる海豹島邊に住するものなれとも性質上春季の暖温を求め白令海峡より日本海の西面に注ける還流に駕して来遊せるものにして其潮流と朝鮮海峡を経 過し来る暖流と混交する邊水温三十八度乃至四十五度の処て度として棲息回泳し暖流の膨大となるに随て六月頃より漸次故地に節遊するものの如し又白令海「プ リビイロブ」群島に棲息せるもの来遊することあるも極めて稀なりと云ふ本漁場は明治三十四（私註：1901）年、東京佐野渡所有猟船海王丸が発見したるものにして同年には六百七十四頭を捕獲せしに依り遠近相伝呼し翌三十五年（私註：1902） には本邦及欧米の猟船続々出漁し本邦船のみにても十八艘其捕獲数六千四十三頭本年は十九艘にして五千百八十四頭なり是等猟船の船長及運転士は本邦人にして 丙種運転士免状を受有し船長は船長は漁猟長を兼ね銃手も多くは本邦人なるもの小笠原島帰化人六十七名及び欧米人約二十名乗組居れり艦長は測量衡の心得ある もの少なく多くは測量士を雇へり乗組員は月給の----三十四年及三十五年に朝鮮海へ出猟したる本邦猟船表は第百五号表に示せり

Sea lion area ;nearby 鬱陵島 to 威鏡道 Kommanda Island on Sakharin and Lianocurt Rocks.

1905.07北韓の実業 / 宮崎勇熊著，輝文館, 明３８．７

From Ulluengdo to Hanwondo, and Kommanda to Sakharin there are sea lions. also confirmed Sea lions nearby Kanwondo, and hanwondo, and Liancourt rocks.

膃肭臍 韓名、水狗子 オットセイ此獣の棲息区域は、江原道鬱陵島以北、威鏡道一体の沖合いをすれど-----きは、威鏡道にして、馬養島及び新昌を距る七十海里、明川郡海峡を距る七十海里許の沖合い一体とす。季節は三月初旬より回遊し始めて、五月頃最も多く、六月下旬よりXXXの遊跡を減少す、思ふに此獣は、薩は連島に附属セル「コムマンダー」島邊に棲むものなれども、日本海の西南に注げる潮流に駕して、遊泳し来るものにして、其遊X、朝鮮海峡を経てくる暖潮と相混交するの邊、即ち水温三十八度度乃至四十度の処をXと して棲息回遊し、暖潮の影響愈膨大なるに従ひ、漸々故地に復帰するものの如し、而して此獣の当沿海に産するとは、去る三十四年の頃露国捕鯨運搬船長日本人 某の発見するところにかかれり、其翌年は早くも遠近伝呼ぶして、出漁するもの多く、本邦及び英米を合わせて、出漁の船数約二十隻、其捕獲数六千余頭の多き に及びたりと云う、但し当沿海に産するものは、多方面の産に比すれば、頗る長大にして、価格も復高貴なれば、此漁業葉今後ますます有望なりと所謂つべし

海驢 韓名 水狗ムルコスー 江原、威鏡両道の沿岸に普く棲息すれども、鬱陵島の南東「ヤンコ」島を持って最とす、其毛皮は能く浸水を防ぐを以って、雨具を製するのに適し、又、戯りて縄となすべく、歯は彫刻の材料と為すべし、其他陰茎は海豹と同じく、韓人の渇望する所なりと云ふ、これ又有利の業たるに背かざるものなり