ULNL3
Back to Ultimate Large Numbers List Part II
ULTIMATE LARGE NUMBERS LIST
PART III
Cascading-E, Extended Cascading-E & Beyond
numbers of order type w^w to any number below infinity...
XIV. Dimensional Array Epoch
[ E100#^#100 , E100#^#^#100 )
Entries: 294
E100#^#100
E100### ... ###100 w/100 #s
godgahlah
This number pushes the limit of xE#, and soon we will be beyond what we can practically expression even in xE#. However this is just the beginning of Cascading-E Notation. In Cascading-E we can write a godgahlahmore simply as E100#^#100. This number can be approximated in Array Notation as <10,100,99,99,...,99> w/99 99s. This makes it an array with 101 entries. On googology wiki this number is approximated as <100,101(1)2> which is <100,100,...,100> w/101 100s.
E100,000#### ... ... ####100,000 w/100,000 #s
godgahlahgong
Also can be written in cascading-E as E100,000#^#100,000.
{10, {10,10(1)2} (1)2}
iteralplex
The plex version of an iteral. This is one of the 120 original named numbers by Jonathan Bowers.
E100#^#100#2
E100######## ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ########100
w/godgahlah #s
grand godgahlah
Also can be written E100#^#100#2 = E100#^#(E100#^#100) = E100#^#godgahlah
E100,000######## ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ########100,000 w/godgahlahgong #s
grand godgahlahgong
Alternatively, E100,000#^#100,000#2.
E100#grand godgahlah100
grand grand godgahlah
This is E100#^#100#3 in Cascading-E. We can also called this number two-ex-grand godgahlah, although this doesn't really shorten the name.
E100,000#grand godgahlahgong100,000
grand grand godgahlahgong
This is E100,000#^#100,000#3. This was the highest official entry with the original release of my Ultimate Large Numbers List. That being said someone out there probably suggested ...
1+E100,000#^#100,000#3
grand grand godgahlahgong and one
In an earlier version of this list, this number was mentioned unofficially (non-entry) as an example of the first really large number on the way to infinity. Adding one to googolism's is a common knee-jerk response from non-googologist's. By mentioning such a number, non-googologist's imply that "there is no largest number" and therefore there is no point in trying to make one. By claiming that they have "named the largest number by adding one" they hope to lampoon the endeavor entirely.
What they fail to realize is that googologist's are not trying to make the "largest number", but rather simply enjoy making extremely large numbers, and competing with fellow googologist's in this effort. Secondly, there is a big difference from adding one to someone else's googolism and building your own from the ground up. This is equivalent to "standing on the shoulders of giants" in the worst possible sense. There is generally a "gentlemen's agreement" in googology which says you should not make reference to the other person's number in your definition in an attempt to "trump" them, since any number can be trivially made larger by adding one to it (including some infinities I might add). The second rule is you don't get bragging rights if your number is constructable with methods already established by a competitor. In a sense, adding one contributes nothing to the discussion of large numbers. The idea isn't just to make the largest number, but also to keep devising new and better ways to generate large numbers. So it is a misconception that googologist's are only trying to find the largest number. Rather googologist's are always trying to find a larger number, and not just a slightly larger number, but a colossally mind-bogglingly crushing SUPER ULTRA MEGA NE PLUS ULTRA Larger Number ... and that just for a warm up...
2+E100,000#^#100,000#3
grand grand godgahlahgong and two
because for every googolism, there will be a +1er to add one to it. See (grand grand godgahlahgong and one). Moving on...
2E100,000#^#100,000#3
two grand grand godgahlahgong
This is a step up from the +1ers, as we are now adding a grand grand godgahlahgong to a grand grand godgahlahgong. We can truncate this as two times a grand grand godgahlahgong. Since our ordinary number sense is logarithmic however, this isn't really an impressive improvement. If the grand grand godgahlahgong is represented by a solid packed sphere of fundamental particles, two grand grand godgahlahgong, would be like having two of these spheres. Does it really seem that much larger, no matter how large the original number was?
3E100,000#^#100,000#3
three grand grand godgahlahgong
How about 3 times a grand grand godgahlahgong...
7E100,000#^#100,000#3
seven grand grand godgahlahgong
How about 7 times a grand grand godgahlahgong...
(E100,000#^#100,000#3)^2
grand grand godgahlahgong squared
This is the next stage in the naive non-googologist's attempt to extend a target googolism. Basically an attempt to pre-empt the impulse to say "two times your number" and jump to "your number times your number". Now you can imagine our sphere of particles compare to a grand grand godgahlahgong of such spheres!!! o_0;
This will tend to get a visceral reaction, especially since we can't even imagine how big this number is. Despite that fact however, this is just squaring, so any grade school kid could come up with that. Furthermore try to remember that if we began by looking at a single fundamental particle and zoomed out until we reached a grand grand godgahlahgong particles, we'd only have to zoom out twice as long to reach a grand grand godgahlahgong squared. Given how mind-crushingly long the zoom out would be, the fact that it would take twice as long barely makes a difference. Hence, from a googological point of view there is virtually no difference between these numbers. Moving on...
(E100,000#^#100,000#3)^3
grand grand godgahlahgong cubed
What's better than a square ... a cube...
(E100,000#^#100,000#3)^4
grand grand godgahlahgong to the fourth
or a 4th power ...
(E100,000#^#100,000#3)^(E100,000#^#100,000#3)
grand grand godgahlahgong to the power of itself
Next up along the hierarchy of naive responses is raising the number to its own power. Again, with numbers this large it has virtually no effect. That probably sounds mind boggling but just imagine N, then N^N, then (N^N)^(N^N), and continue in this manner for N steps, and call this number M. Someone comes along and says "I could trounce M, how about M^M". Are you really going to be impressed by their response? Ditto for googologist's who've gone much much further ...
(E100,000#^#100,000#3)^^(E100,000#^#100,000#3)
power tower of grand grand godgahlahgong's a grand grand godgahlah terms high
This one is a classic. Even non-googologist's eventually realize that simply raising a number to the power of itself isn't really that competitive for certain large numbers, especially after they have at least been exposed toGraham's Number. So next they decide to create a power tower of this number, naively thinking this will trounce the competition. But for anything above Graham's Number this already has virtually no effect. If "N" is any googolism, you can bet someone out there will mention N^^N as a response. Rule 34 of googolism states: "If a googolism exists, there is a salad number for it, ... no exceptions". Moving on...
(E100,000#^#100,000#3)^^^^^ ... ^^^^^^(E100,000#^#100,000#3)
w/(E100,000#^#100,000#3) ^s
Time to bring out the big guns. Our intrepid non-googologist has now gotten wind of Knuth-up arrow notation. They promptly take N and generate N^^^...^^^N w/N ^s. As any googologist worth his/her salt knows, no matter how amazingly powerful a "method" is in ordinary terms, it will always be obsolete moments later. The general rule of thumb is, never use a method that occurred earlier in the game to extend a number late in the game. It's effect will always be negligible relative to the current methods. Even the next entry is vastly larger despite making only a minute change...
E100,000#^#(1+E100,000#^#100,000#2)
So the non-googologist actually realizes that they can't use any methods other than the most recently established one. Great. Now they attempt to apply that principle and ... miss the point. Since a grand grand godgahlahgong is E100,000####...####100,000 with a grand godgahlahgong #s, a naive response might be to have E100,000####...#####100,000 with a grand godgahlahgong +1 #s. This isn't much of an improvement over just adding one to the number! This response however is still mind-bogglingly better than the last attempt.
To prove this just consider the following. Let n=grand godgahlahgong, and N=grand grand godgahlahgong.By definition N = E100,000#^(n)100,000. We first observe that:
E100,000#^(n+1)100,000 > E100,000#^(n+1)3 = E100,000#^(n)100,000#^(n)100,000
> E100,000#^(n)100,000#100,000 > E100,000#^(n)100,000#2
= E100,000#^(n)(E100,000#^(n)100,000) = E100,000#^(n)N
Next we work from the other end. We can say that:
<N,N,N> < E(N)N##N < E100,000##(N+1) = E100,000##100,000#N <
E100,000###N < E100,000#^(n)N
So we conclude...
<grand grand godgahlahgong,3(1)2> < E100,000#^(grand godgahlahgong+1)100,000
E100,000#^#100,000#4
grand grand grand godgahlahgong
This is the obvious response to a grand grand godgahlahgong. This number is mind-bogglingly more massive. However, just like all the previous attempts to extend a grand grand godgahlahgong this is still too tame an extension, because it employs a method we have been using since the beginning: basic recursion. At this point, the recursion is so complex that applying one additional recursion doesn't make much of a difference from a googologist's point of view. Okay so how about...
E100,000#^#100,000#5
grand grand grand grand godgahlahgong
Same problem as before. Still just basic recursion... how about ...
E100#^#100#100
grandgahlah
This is the smallest new number defined with Cascading-E Notation. A grandgahlah may also be called a grand grand grand ... grand grand grand godgahlah where there are 99 grands. For this we can use the short hand name ninety-nine-ex-grand godgahlah. This still isn't a significant improvement from agodgahlah since we already introduced proto-hyperions a long time ago.
E100#^#100#101
hundred-ex-grand godgahlah
Trivial, but it just sounds cool...
E100,000#^#100,000#11,863
grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand 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grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand 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grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand grand godgahlahgong
Also known as eleven-thousand-eight-hundred-sixty-two-ex-grand godgahlahgong. Just kidding. This is a number based on the original trail of grands I had left at the end of my ULNL with it's initial release to suggest the next direction of development. Obviously, listing out the grands is inefficient. Still it's mind-boggling to think how all these "grand"s modify "godgahlahgong". Even so, this kind of stuff is easily trumped by the many numbers that follow as we begin to explore the consequences of Cascading-E notation...
E100#^#100#(1+E100#^#100)
godgahlah-ex-grand godgahlah
This response is far far better than any of the previous responses... but it's still a naive extension. Why? Because it still only requires a single extra proto-hyperion to achieve these results, and with two proto-hyperions we get even further.
E100#^#100#(1+E100#^#100#2)
grand-godgahlah-ex-grand godgahlah
E100#^#100#(1+E100#^#100#3)
grand-grand-godgahlah-ex-grand godgahlah
E100#^#100#(1+E100#^#100#4)
grand-grand-grand-godgahlah-ex-grand godgahlah
E100#^#100#(1+E100#^#100#5)
grand-grand-grand-grand-godgahlah-ex-grand godgahlah
E100#^#100#100#2
grand grandgahlah
E100#^#100#100#2 = E100#^#100#(E100#^#100#100) = E100#^#100#(grandgahlah). The great grandgahlah is the grandgahlahth member of the godgahlah series.
E100#^#100#100#3
grand grand grandgahlah
E100#^#100#100#100
greagahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#2
grand greagahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#3
grand grand greagahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#100
gigangahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#100#2
grand gigangahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#100#100
gorgegahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#100#100#100
gulgahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#100#100#100#100
gaspgahlah
E100#^#100#100#100#100#100#100#100#100
ginorgahlah
E100#^#100##100
gugoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100#100
graatagoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100#100#100
greegoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100#100#100#100
grinningoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100#100#100#100#100
golaagoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100#100#100#100#100#100
gruelohgoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100#100#100#100#100#100#100
gaspgoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100#100#100#100#100#100#100#100
ginorgoldgahlah
E100#^#100##100##100
gugolthragahlah
E100#^#100##100##100##100
gugolteslagahlah
E100#^#100##100##100##100##100
gugolpetagahlah
E100#^#100##100##100##100##100##100
gugolhexagahlah
E100#^#100##100##100##100##100##100##100
gugolheptagahlah
E100#^#100##100##100##100##100##100##100##100
gugoloctagahlah
E100#^#100###100
throogahlah
E100#^#100####100
teroogahlah
E100#^#100#####100
petoogahlah
E100#^#100######100
ectoogahlah
E100#^#100#######100
zettoogahlah
E100#^#100########100
yottoogahlah
E100#^#100#^#100
gotrigahlah / tristo-godgahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#2
grand gotrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#3
grand grand gotrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#100
grantrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#100#2
great grantrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#100#100
greatrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#100#100#100
gigantrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100##5
gorgetrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100##6
gultrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100##7
gasptrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100##8
ginortrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100##100
gugoldtrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100###100
throotrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100####100
terootrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#####100
petootrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100######100
ectootrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#######100
zettootrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100########100
yottootrigahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100
gotergahlah / teristo-godgahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#2
grand gotergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#100
grantergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#100#2
grand grantergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#100#100
greatergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#100#100#100
gigantergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100##5
gorgetergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100##6
gultergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100##7
gasptergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100##8
ginortergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100###100
throotergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100####100
terootergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#####100
petootergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100######100
ectootergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#######100
zettootergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100########100
yottootergahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100
gopeggahlah / pesto-godgahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100
gohexgahlah / existo-godgahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100
gohepgahlah / episto-godgahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100
go-ahtgahlah / ogisto-godgahlah
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100
go-enngahlah / ennisto-godgahlah
{10,10(1)10}
emperal
The emperal was one of the original 120 named numbers by Jonathan Bowers. It falls slightly below a godekahlah. An emperal may be expanded to:
{10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10(1)9}
<10,100(1)10>
This is a proposed lowerbound for godekahlah in BEAF. If this bound is true, then it is trivially larger than an emperal. This number expands to <10,10,...,10(1)9> w/100 10s.
E100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100#^#100
godekahlah / dekisto-godgahlah
E100#^#*#100
godgoldgahlah
A godgoldgahlah is approximately equal to <10,100(1)100>.
{10,10 (1) {10,10 (1) 10}}
emperalplex
The plex version of an emperal. This would be approximately E100#^#*#emperal in Cascading-E Notation. Since an emperal is itself approximately E100#^#*#10 this means this number can be approximated as E100#^#*#10#2. Clearly this is smaller than 100#^#*#100#2, which is vanishingly small compare to the next entry ...
E100#^#*#100#^#*#100
gotrigoldgahlah / tristo-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,2>
E100#^#*#100#^#*#100#^#*#100
gotergoldgahlah / teristo-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,3>
E100#^#*##5
gopeggoldgahlah / pesto-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,4>
E100#^#*##6
gohexgoldgahlah / existo-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,5>
E100#^#*##7
gohepgoldgahlah / episto-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,6>
E100#^#*##8
go-ahtgoldgahlah / ogisto-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,7>
E100#^#*##9
godenngoldgahlah / ennisto-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,8>
E100#^#*##10
godekagoldgahlah / dekisto-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,9>
{10,10(1)10,10}
hyperal
One of the original Bowerisms. It is believed to fall between E100#^#*##10 and E100#^#*##11.
E100#^#*##100
godthroogahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,99>
{ 10 , 10 (1) 10 , { 10 , 10 (1) 10 , 10 } }
hyperalplex
This is bigger than a godthroogahlah but less than a grand godthroogahlah.
E100#^#*###100
godteroogahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,99,99>
E100#^#*####100
godpetoogahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,99,99,99>
E100#^#*#####100
go-ectoogahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,99,99,99,99>
E100#^#*######100
godzettoogahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,99,99,99,99>
E100#^#*#######100
godyottoogahlah
Approximately equal <10,100(1)100,99,99,99,99,99>
E100#^#*#^#100
deutero-godgahlah
This is the first number to introduce the "deutero" operator. This duplicates the hypernion, leading to two copies multiplied together. This is believed to be approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)2>. That is a two-row array equal to <10,10,...,10(1)10,10,...,10> w/100 10s per row. This makes this number much much larger than a hyperal. This number is still much much smaller than a dutridecal.
E100#^#*#^#*#100
deutero-godgoldgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)100>
E100#^#*#^#*##100
deutero-godthroogahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)100,99>
{3,3,3(1)3,3,3(1)3,3,3}
dutritri
One of Bowers' originals.
{10,10,10(1)10,10,10(1)10,10,10}
dutridecal
One of Bowers' originals.
E100#^#*#^#*###100
deutero-godteroogahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)100,99,99>
E100#^#*#^#*####100
deutero-godpetoogahlah
E100#^#*#^#*#####100
deutero-go-ectoogahlah
E100#^#*#^#*######100
deutero-gozettoogahlah
E100#^#*#^#*#######100
deutero-goyottoogahlah
E100#^#*#^#*#^#100
trito-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)2>. Thats <100&10 (1) 100&10 (1) 100&10 > or three rows of a hundred 10s. This number exceeds a dutridecal.
E100#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#100
teterto-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)(1)2>
E100#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#100
pepto-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)2>
E100#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#100
exto-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)2>
E100#^##7
epto-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)2>
E100#^##8
ogdo-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)2>
E100#^##9
ento-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)2>
{10,10(2)2}
xappol
One of Bowers original 120 googolisms. This is a 10x10 & 10s. It is believed to be slightly smaller than a dekato-godgahlah, which is believed to be larger since it is predicted to have 100 entry rows instead of 10 entry rows. It would be a 10x100 & 10s approximately.
E100#^##10
dekato-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)2>
E100#^##20
isosto-godgahlah
E100#^##100
gridgahlah / hecato-godgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)2>. This approximation is a 100 x 100 & 10s. This makes it larger than a xappol.
{10,xappol(2)2}
xappolplex
A xappol x xappol & 10s. This would be approximately equal to E100#^##xappol, making it larger than a gridgahlah but much much smaller than a gridtrigahlah.
E100#^##100#^##100
gridtrigahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)3>
E100#^##100#^##100#^##100
gridtergahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)4>
E100#^##*#5
gridpeggahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)5>
E100#^##*#6
gridhexgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)6>
E100#^##*#7
gridhepgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)7>
E100#^##*#8
grid-ahtgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)8>
E100#^##*#9
grid-enngahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)9>
E100#^##*#10
grid-dekgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)10>
E100#^##*#^##100
deutero-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)2>. Approximately equal to 2 planes of 100x100 10s in array notation.
{3,3(3)2}
dimentri
This expands to {3,3(2)(2)(2)2} which becomes 3 planes. This is much much larger than the two planes of deutero-gridgahlah but it's much smaller than the 3 planes of a trito-gridgahlah.
E100#^##*#^##*#^##100
trito-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)2>
E100#^##*#^##*#^##*#^##100
teterto-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)(2)2>
E100#^###5
pepto-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)2>
E100#^###6
exto-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)2>
E100#^###7
epto-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)2>
E100#^###8
ogdo-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)2>
E100#^###9
ento-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)2>
{10,10(3)2} = 10^3 & 10s
colossal
A colossal is a 3-dimensional array of 10s of edge length 10. It has 10^3 or 1000 entries. That's a lot, though that is manageable and could be theoretically written out in full ... though it would be pretty tedious. This is just slightly smaller than dekato-gridgahlah which has 10 planes, but they are of size 100x100 instead of 10x10.
E100#^###10
dekato-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)(2)2>
E100#^###20
isosto-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(2)...(2)2> w/20 (2)s
E100#^###100
kubikahlah / hecato-gridgahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(3)2>. This would be a 100 x 100 x 100 & 10s. This would be much much larger than a dimentri, since a dimentri only has 3 planes, whereas this has 100.
{10,colossal(3)2} = colossal^3 & 10s
colossalplex
A 3-dimensional cube of edge length colossal all of 10s. This would fall below E100#^###100#2, which would be approximately a 3-dimensional cube of edge length kubikahlah all of 10s.
E100#^###100#^###100
kubitrigahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(3)3>
E100#^###100#^###100#^###100
kubitergahlah
E100#^###*#5
kubipeggahlah
E100#^###*#6
kubihexgahlah
E100#^###*#7
kubihepgahlah
E100#^###*#8
kubi-ahtgahlah
E100#^###*#9
kubi-enngahlah
E100#^###*#10
kubi-dekahlah
E100#^###*#^###100
deutero-kubikahlah
E100#^###*#^###*#^###100
trito-kubikahlah
E100#^###*#^###*#^###*#^###100
teterto-kubikahlah
E100#^####5
pepto-kubikahlah
E100#^####6
exto-kubikahlah
E100#^####7
epto-kubikahlah
E100#^####8
ogdo-kubikahlah
E100#^####9
ento-kubikahlah
E100#^####10
dekato-kubikahlah
E100#^####20
isosto-kubikahlah
E100#^####100
quarticahlah / hecato-kubikahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(4)2>
E100#^####100#^####100
quartitrigahlah
E100#^####100#^####100#^####100
quartitergahlah
E100#^####*#5
quartipeggahlah
E100#^####*#6
quartihexgahlah
E100#^####*#7
quartihepgahlah
E100#^####*#8
quarti-ahtgahlah
E100#^####*#9
quarti-enngahlah
E100#^####*#10
quarti-dekahlah
E100#^####*#^####100
deutero-quarticahlah
E100#^####*#^####*#^####100
trito-quarticahlah
E100#^####*#^####*#^####*#^####100
teterto-quarticahlah
E100#^#####5
pepto-quarticahlah
E100#^#####6
exto-quarticahlah
E100#^#####7
epto-quarticahlah
E100#^#####8
ogdo-quarticahlah
E100#^#####9
ento-quarticahlah
E100#^#####10
dekato-quarticahlah
E100#^#####20
isosto-quarticahlah
E100#^#####100
quinticahlah / hecato-quarticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(5)2>
E100#^#####100#^#####100
quintitrigahlah
E100#^#####100#^#####100#^#####100
quintitergahlah
E100#^#####*#5
quintipeggahlah
E100#^#####*#6
quintihexgahlah
E100#^#####*#7
quintihepgahlah
E100#^#####*#8
quinti-ahtgahlah
E100#^#####*#9
quinti-enngahlah
E100#^#####*#10
quinti-dekahlah
E100#^#####*#^#####100
deutero-quinticahlah
E100#^#####*#^#####*#^#####100
trito-quinticahlah
E100#^#####*#^#####*#^#####*#^#####100
teterto-quinticahlah
E100#^######5
pepto-quinticahlah
E100#^######6
exto-quinticahlah
E100#^######7
epto-quinticahlah
E100#^######8
ogdo-quinticahlah
E100#^######9
ento-quinticahlah
E100#^######10
dekato-quinticahlah
E100#^######100
sexticahlah / hecato-quinticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(6)2>
E100#^######100#^######100
sextitrigahlah
E100#^######100#^######100#^######100
sextitergahlah
E100#^######*#5
sextipeggahlah
E100#^######*#6
sextihexgahlah
E100#^######*#7
sextihepgahlah
E100#^######*#8
sexti-ahtgahlah
E100#^######*#9
sexti-enngahlah
E100#^######*#10
sexti-dekahlah
E100#^######*#^######100
deutero-sexticahlah
E100#^######*#^######*#^######100
trito-sexticahlah
E100#^######*#^######*#^######*#^######100
teterto-sexticahlah
E100#^#######5
pepto-sexticahlah
E100#^#######6
exto-sexticahlah
E100#^#######7
epto-sexticahlah
E100#^#######8
ogdo-sexticahlah
E100#^#######9
ento-sexticahlah
E100#^#######10
dekato-sexticahlah
E100#^#######100
septicahlah / hecato-sexticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(7)2>
E100#^#######100#^#######100
septitrigahlah
E100#^#######100#^#######100#^#######100
septitergahlah
E100#^#######*#5
septipeggahlah
E100#^#######*#6
septihexgahlah
E100#^#######*#7
septihepgahlah
E100#^#######*#8
septi-ahtgahlah
E100#^#######*#9
septi-enngahlah
E100#^#######*#10
septi-dekahlah
E100#^#######*#^#######100
deutero-septicahlah
E100#^#######*#^#######*#^#######100
trito-septicahlah
E100#^#######*#^#######*#^#######*#^#######100
teterto-septicahlah
E100#^########5
pepto-septicahlah
E100#^########6
exto-septicahlah
E100#^########7
epto-septicahlah
E100#^########8
ogdo-septicahlah
E100#^########9
ento-septicahlah
E100#^########10
dekato-septicahlah
E100#^########100
octicahlah / hecato-septicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(8)2>
E100#^########100#^########100
octitrigahlah
E100#^########100#^########100#^########100
octitergahlah
E100#^########*#5
octipeggahlah
E100#^########*#6
octihexgahlah
E100#^########*#7
octihepgahlah
E100#^########*#8
octi-ahtgahlah
E100#^########*#9
octi-enngahlah
E100#^########*#10
octi-dekgahlah
E100#^########*#^########100
deutero-octicahlah
E100#^########*#^########*#^########100
trito-octicahlah
E100#^########*#^########*#^########*#^########100
teterto-octicahlah
E100#^#########5
pepto-octicahlah
E100#^#########6
exto-octicahlah
E100#^#########7
epto-octicahlah
E100#^#########8
ogdo-octicahlah
E100#^#########9
ento-octicahlah
E100#^#########10
dekato-octicahlah
E100#^#########100
nonicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(9)2>
{10,10(10)2} = 10^10 & 10s
dimendecal
This forms a 10-dimensional cube of edge length 10 all of 10s. It's a little smaller than a decicahlah, since a decicahlah is more like a 10-dimensional cube of edge length 100 all of 10s. A dimendecal has 10,000,000,000 entries!
E100#^##########100
decicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(10)2>
E100#^#^#11
undecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(11)2>
E100#^#^#12
duodecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(12)2>
E100#^#^#13
tredecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(13)2>
E100#^#^#14
quattuordecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(14)2>
E100#^#^#15
quindecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(15)2>
E100#^#^#16
sexdecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(16)2>
E100#^#^#17
septendecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(17)2>
E100#^#^#18
octodecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(18)2>
E100#^#^#19
novemdecicahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(19)2>
E100#^#^#20
viginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(20)2>
E100#^#^#30
triginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(30)2>
E100#^#^#40
quadraginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(40)2>
E100#^#^#50
quinquaginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(50)2>
E100#^#^#60
sexaginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(60)2>
E100#^#^#70
septuaginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(70)2>
E100#^#^#80
octoginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(80)2>
E100#^#^#90
nonaginticahlah
Approximately equal to <10,100(90)2>
{10,10(100)2}
gongulus
One of Bowers' most famous googolisms ... the gongulus. In a way, this combines Jonathan Bowers fascination with large numbers with his fascination of higher dimensions. This is a 100-dimensional cube of entries, of edge length 10 all of 10s. There would literally be a googol (10^100) entries in this expression. This means we would not be able to write it out in full. This number is only slightly smaller than a godgather, which brings us to ...
XV. Super Dimensional Array Epoch
[ E100#^#^#100 , E100#^#^#^#100 )
Entries: 82
E100#^#^#100
godgathor
A godgathor is comparable to Jonathan Bowers' gongulus. It's comparable to a 100-dimensional array. Evaluating godgathor we obtain:
E100#^#^#100 = E100#^#####...#####100 w/100 #s in a row
A godgathor should be greater than <10,100(100)2> which is larger than <10,10(100)2>. Thus a godgathor should be slightly larger than a gongulus. <10,100(100)2> is also equivalent to <10,100(0,1)2>
E100#^#101100
goober bunch
{10,10(gongulus)2}
gongulusplex
Now here is a cool number. It's a gongulus-dimensional cube of edge length 10 all of 10s. It would have a 10^gongulus entries, a gongulus-plexed entries if you will :p
This passes up the godgathor of course, but it's smaller than ...
E100#^#^#100#2
grand godgathor
E100#^#(1+E100#^#^(101)100)(E100#^#101100)
gibbering goober bunch
E100#^#^#100#3
grand grand godgathor
E100#^#^#100#^#^#100
gotrigathor
E100#^#^#100#^#^#100#^#^#100
gotergathor
E100#^#^#*#5
gopeggathor
E100#^#^#*#6
gohexgathor
E100#^#^#*#7
gohepgathor
E100#^#^#*#8
go-ahtgathor
E100#^#^#*#9
go-enngathor
E100#^#^#*#10
godekgathor
E100#^#^#*#^#^#100
deutero-godgathor
E100#^#^#*#^#^#*#^#^#100
trito-godgathor
E100#^#^#*#^#^#*#^#^#*#^#^#100
teterto-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)5
pepto-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)6
exto-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)7
epto-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)8
ogdo-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)9
ento-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)10
dekato-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)20
isosto-godgathor
E100#^(#^#*#)100
hecato-godgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(1,1)2>
E100#^(#^#*##)100
godgridgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(2,1)2>. A 2-D array of 100-D arrays. More precisely it's a 100^2 array of 100^100 arrays.
{3,3(0,2)2}
dulatri
One of the original 120 named numbers by Jonathan Bowers. The notation {3,3(0,2)2} is modern and didn't exist back in 2002 when Bowers' first introduced this number. Originally it Bowers' defined it as a "(3^3)^2 array of 3's". Imagine a 3^3 array of 3^3 arrays. This can be seen by expanding the expression to the following:
{ 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (1,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (1,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (2,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (1,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (1,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (2,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (1,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (1,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 (0,1) 3^3&3 }
The "separators" here, are not themselves denoting additional "dimensions", at least not in the usual sense. Instead (0,1) separates any dimensional spaces. So the number of dimensions between (0,1) are not limited to 3, but any finite dimensional space. With that in mind, we can have "rows of dimensions" and "planes of dimensions" and so on. This can be thought of as going beyond infinite dimensional space, and continuing to (w+1)-dimensional space, (w+2)-dimensional space, and so on.
E100#^(#^#*###)100
godkubikgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(3,1)2>. A 3-D array of 100-D arrays. More precisely it's a 100^3 array of 100^100 arrays.
E100#^(#^#*####)100
godquarticgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(4,1)2>. A 4-D array of 100-D arrays.
E100#^(#^#*#####)100
godquinticgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(5,1)2>. A 5-D array of 100-D arrays.
E100#^(#^#*######)100
godsexticgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(6,1)2>. A 6-D array of 100-D arrays.
E100#^(#^#*#######)100
godsepticgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(7,1)2>. A 7-D array of 100-D arrays.
E100#^(#^#*########)100
godocticgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(8,1)2>. A 8-D array of 100-D arrays.
E100#^(#^#*#########)100
godnonicgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(9,1)2>. A 9-D array of 100-D arrays.
E100#^(#^#*##########)100
goddecicgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(10,1)2>. A 10-D array of 100-D arrays.
E100#^(#^#*#^#)100
godgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,2)2> = <10,100(100,1)2>. This would be much larger than a dulatri even though this is also a dimension array of dimension arrays. However in this case it's a 100-dimensional array of 100-dimensional arrays.
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#)100
hecato-godgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(1,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*##)100
godgridgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(2,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*###)100
godkubikgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(3,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*####)100
godquarticgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(4,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#####)100
godquinticgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(5,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*######)100
godsexticgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(6,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#######)100
godsepticgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(7,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*########)100
godocticgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(8,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#########)100
godnonicgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(9,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*##########)100
goddecicgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(10,2)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#^#)100
godgathortruce
Approximately equal to <10,100(100,2)2> = <10,100(0,3)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#)100
godgathorquad
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,4)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#)100
godgathorquid
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,5)2>
E100#^(#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#*#^#)100
godgathorsid
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,6)2>
E100#^#^##7
godgathorseptuce
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,7)2>
E100#^#^##8
godgathoroctuce
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,8)2>
E100#^#^##100
gralgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^##100#^#^##100
graltrigathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,1)3>
E100#^#^##100#^#^##100#^#^##100
graltergathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,1)4>
E100#^#^##*#^#^##100
deutero-gralgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,1)(0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^##*#^#^##*#^#^##100
trito-gralgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,1)(0,0,1)(0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^##*#^#^##*#^#^##*#^#^##100
teterto-gralgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,1)(0,0,1)(0,0,1)(0,0,1)2>
E100#^(#^##*#^##)100
gralgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,2)2>
{3,3(0,0,0,1)2}
trimentri
One of Bowers' original 120 named numbers. This array is also equivalent to {3,3(0,0,3)2}, which is clearly smaller than a gralgathortruce but larger than gralgathordeus.
E100#^(#^##*#^##*#^##)100
gralgathortruce
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,3)2>
E100#^(#^##*#^##*#^##*#^##)100
gralgathorquad
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,4)2>
E100#^#^###5
gralgathorquid
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,5)2>
E100#^#^###6
gralgathorsid
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,6)2>
E100#^#^###7
gralgathorseptuce
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,7)2>
E100#^#^###8
gralgathoroctuce
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,8)2>
E100#^#^###100
thraelgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^###100#^#^###100
thraeltrigathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,1)3>
E100#^#^###*#^#^###100
deutero-thraelgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,1)(0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^###*#^#^###*#^#^###100
trito-thraelgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,1)(0,0,0,1)(0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^(#^###*#^###)100
thraelgathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,2)2>
E100#^(#^###*#^###*#^###)100
thraelgathortruce
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,3)2>
E100#^#^####100
terinngathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,100)2> = <10,100(0,0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^####100#^#^####100
terinntrigathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,1)3>
E100#^#^####*#^#^####100
deutero-terinngathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,1)(0,0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^####*#^#^####*#^#^####100
trito-terinngathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,1)(0,0,0,0,1)(0,0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^(#^####*#^####)100
terinngathordeus
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,2)2>
E100#^(#^####*#^####*#^####)100
terinngathortruce
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,3)2>
E100#^#^#####100
pehaelgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,100)2> = <10,100(0,0,0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^######100
hexaelgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,0,100)2> = <10,100(0,0,0,0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^#######100
heptaelgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,0,0,100)2> = <10,100(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1)2>
E100#^#^########100
octaelgathor
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,100)2> = <10,100(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1)2>
XVI. Ordinal-Tetration Epoch
[ E100#^^#4 , E100#^^#100 )
Entries: 48
E100#^#^#^#100
godtothol
Approximately equal to <10,100(0,0,...,0,0,1)2> w/100 0s. This can also be simplified to <10,100(0(1)1)2>. At this point we have reached X^X^X arrays.
E100#^#^#^##100
graltothol
E100#^#^#^###100
thraeltothol
E100#^#^#^####100
terinntothol
E100#^#^#^#####100
pehaeltothol
E100#^#^#^######100
hexaeltothol
E100#^#^#^#######100
heptaeltothol
E100#^#^#^########100
octaeltothol
E100#^#^#^#^#100
godtertathol
Approximately equivalent to X^X^X^X arrays.
E100#^#^#^#^##100
graltertathol
E100#^#^#^#^###100
thraeltertathol
E100#^#^#^#^####100
terinntertathol
E100#^#^#^#^#####100
pehaeltertathol
E100#^#^#^#^######100
hexaeltertathol
E100#^#^#^#^#######100
heptaeltertathol
E100#^#^#^#^########100
octaeltertathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#100
godpeptathol
Approximately equivalent to X^^5 arrays.
E100#^#^#^#^#^##100
gralpeptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^###100
thraelpeptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^####100
terinnpeptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#####100
pehaelpeptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^######100
hexaelpeptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#######100
heptaelpeptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^########100
octaelpeptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#100
godextathol
Approximately equivalent to X^^6 arrays.
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^##100
gralextathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^###100
thraelextathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^####100
terinnextathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#####100
pehaelextathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^######100
hexaelextathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#######100
heptaelextathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^########100
octaelextathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#100
godeptathol
Approximately equivalent to X^^7 arrays.
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^##100
graleptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^###100
thraeleptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^####100
terinneptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#####100
pehaeleptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^######100
hexaeleptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#######100
heptaeleptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^########100
octaeleptathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#100
godoctathol
Approximately equivalent to X^^8 arrays.
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^##100
graloctathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^###100
thraeloctathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^####100
terinnoctathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#####100
pehaeloctathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^######100
hexaeloctathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#######100
heptaeloctathol
E100#^#^#^#^#^#^#^#^########100
octaeloctathol
XVII. Epsilon Epoch
e(0) ~ zeta(0)
Entries: 180
E100#^^#100
tethrathoth
The tethrathoth (or simply thoth) is equal to E100#^#^#^#^ ... ^#^#^#^#100 w/100 #s. It is comparable and slightly smaller than Jonathan Bowers' goppatoth. It is roughly equivalent to an X^^99 array.
10^^100 & 10
goppatoth
One of Bowers' largest of his original set of 121 googolisms. This one is interesting in being at the limit of what is considered to be well defined in array notation (even to this day!). This would be a tetrational array. Specifically it would be a X^^100 array, making it just slightly larger than a tethrathoth. In fact, a goppatoth should be approximately E100#^^#101 in ExE.
E100,000#^^#100,000
tethrathothigong
For old time sake, here is the "gong" version of a tethrathoth, the tethrathothigong. It is equal to E100,000#^#^#^#^...^#^#^#^#100,000 w/100,000 #s. Technically speaking this number is mind-crushingly larger than having a mere hundred cascade levels ... but it's still a very modest improvement compare to how far we're going to take it from here ...
E100#^^#100#2
grand tethrathoth
The grand tethrathoth is equal to E100#^#^#^#^ ... ^#^#^#^#100 w/tethrathoth #s. This is incomparably larger than the tethrathothigong, though from a googologist's perspective just a stone's skip away from the tethrathoth. It is comparable to and slightly smaller than Jonathan Bowers' goppatothplex. It is roughly equivalent to a X^^(tethrathoth-1) array. The next explicitly named googolism after a goppatothplex is a triakulus. This number is much much MUCH larger and it will take us a long time to reach it!
10^^goppatoth & 10
goppatothplex
A X^^goppatoth array. This makes it just "slightly" larger than a grand tethrathoth. This is notable for being the last well-defined googolism of Bowers' original set. The next Bowerism of the original set is a tridecatrix, which is {10,10,10} & 10. However pentational arrays have never been formally defined, let along dekational arrays! These will be added for size reference regardless, based on there theoretical placement.
E100,000#^^#100,000#2
grand tethrathothigong
E100#^^#100#3
grand grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#4
grand grand grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#5
grand grand grand grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#6
grand grand grand grand grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#7
grand grand grand grand grand grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#100
ninety-nine-ex-grand tethrathoth / grantethrathoth
E100#^^#100#101
hundred-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100)
googol-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#2)
googolplex-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#100)
grangol-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100##100)
gugold-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^#100)
godgahlah-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#2
tethrathoth-minus-one-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100)
tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#2#2
grand-tethrathoth-minus-one-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#2)
grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#3#2
grand-grand-tethrathoth-minus-one-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#3)
grand-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#4#2
grand-grand-grand-tethrathoth-minus-one-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#4)
grand-grand-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#5#2
grand-grand-grand-grand-tethrathoth-minus-one-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#5)
grand-grand-grand-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#3
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100))
tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#2#3
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#2))
grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#3#3
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#3))
grand-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#4
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100)))
tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#5
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100))))
tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#100
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#( ... ... (1+E100#^^#100)) ... ... ))
w/100 E100#^^#100s
tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
A modest attempt to extend the tethrathoth using the obvious approach of extending the sequence: tethrathoth, grand tethrathoth, grand grand tethrathoth, three-ex-grand tethrathoth, four-ex-grand tethrathoth, ... etc. This extension however is not as ambitious as it seems! This number is still smaller than a greatethrathoth.
E100#^^#100#100#100
greatethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#1#2
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#( ... ... (1+E100#^^#100)) ... ... ))
w/tethrathoth E100#^^#100s
tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand- ... ... -tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
w/tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
How crazy is that?! This is the sort of number someone might come up with the extend the tethrathoth series given the notation N-ex-grand tethrathoth is the (N+1)th member of the tethrathoth series. Yet it barely taps into the possibilities with Extended Cascading-E Notation (xE^). It's still smaller than a grand greatethrathoth.
E100#^^#100#100#100#2
grand greatethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#1#3
E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#( ... ... (1+E100#^^#100)) ... ... ))
w/E100#^^#100#(1+E100#^^#100#(...(1+E100#^^#100))...)) "E100#^^#100"s
w/tethrathoth "E100#^^#100"s
tethrathoth-ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand- ... ... -tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
w/tethrathoth-ex-grand-...-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
w/tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
This is just insane!!! Yet this is clearly the wrong approach because even torturing language this far doesn't get us as far as a mere grand grand greatethrathoth. This again shows the linguistic approach is vastly inferior to the mathematical approach.
E100#^^#100#100#100#3
grand grand greatethrathoth
E100#^^#100#100#100#100
gigantethrathoth
E100#^^#100#1#1#1#2
tethrathoth-ex- ... ... -ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth
w/tethrathoth-ex- ... ... -ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
w/tethrathoth-ex- ... ... -ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
...
...
...
w/tethrathoth-ex- ... ... -ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
w/tethrathoth-ex- ... ... -ex-grand-tethrathoth-ex-grand tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
w/tethrathoth "tethrathoth"s
where there are a tethrathoth lines
Despite how insane this is, it's still doesn't get one very far. This is still less than a grand gigantethrathoth.
E100#^^#100#100#100#100#2
grand gigantethrathoth
E100#^^#100#100#100#100#100
gorgetethrathoth
E100#^^#100#100#100#100#100#100
gultethrathoth
E100#^^#100#100#100#100#100#100#100
gasptethrathoth
E100#^^#100#100#100#100#100#100#100#100
ginortethrathoth
E100#^^#100##100
E100#^^#100###100
E100#^^#100####100
E100#^^#100#^#100
E100#^^#100#^#100#^#100
E100#^^#100#^#*#100
E100#^^#100#^#*##100
E100#^^#100#^#*###100
E100#^^#100#^#*#^#100
E100#^^#100#^#*#^#*#^#100
E100#^^#100#^##100
E100#^^#100#^###100
E100#^^#100#^#^#100
E100#^^#100#^#^#^#100
E100#^^#100#^^#100
tethratrithoth
E100#^^#100#^^#100#^^#100
tethraterthoth
E100#^^#100#^^#100#^^#100#^^#100
tethrapethoth
E100#^^#100#^^#100#^^#100#^^#100#^^#100
tethra-exthoth
E100#^^#*#7
tethra-epthoth
E100#^^#*#8
tethra-octhoth
E100#^^#*#100
E100#^^#*##100
E100#^^#*###100
E100#^^#*#^#100
E100#^^#*#^##100
E100#^^#*#^###100
E100#^^#*#^####100
E100#^^#*#^#^#100
E100#^^#*#^#^#^#100
E100#^^#*#^^#100
deutero-tethrathoth
E100#^^#*#^^#*#^^#100
trito-tethrathoth
E100#^^#*#^^#*#^^#*#^^#100
teterto-tethrathoth
E100(#^^#)^#100
hecato-tethrathoth
E100(#^^#)^#100#2
grand hecato-tethrathoth
E100(#^^#)^#100(#^^#)^#100
E100(#^^#)^#*(#^^#)^#100
E100(#^^#)^##100
E100(#^^#)^###100
E100(#^^#)^####100
E100(#^^#)^#####100
E100(#^^#)^#^#100
E100(#^^#)^#^#^#100
E100(#^^#)^#^#^#^#100
E100(#^^#)^#^#^#^#^#100
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#)100
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#*#)100
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#*##)100
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#*#^#)100
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#*#^^#)100
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#*#^^#*#^^#)100
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#)^#100
Monster-Giant
E100(#^^#)^(#^^#)^(#^^#)^#100
Super Monster-Giant
E100(#^^#)^^#100
terrible tethrathoth
E100(#^^#)^^#*#100
E100(#^^#)^^#*##100
E100(#^^#)^^#*###100
E100(#^^#)^^#*#^#100
E100(#^^#)^^#*#^#*#^#100
E100(#^^#)^^#*#^^#100
E100(#^^#)^^#*(#^^#)^^#100
deutero-terrible tethrathoth
E100(#^^#)^^#*(#^^#)^^#*(#^^#)^^#100
trito-terrible tethrathoth
E100((#^^#)^^#)^#100
hecato-terrible tethrathoth
E100((#^^#)^^#)^##100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^###100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^#^#100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^#^#^#100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^(#^^#)100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^(#^^#)^(#^^#)100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^(#^^#)^(#^^#)^(#^^#)100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^((#^^#)^^#)100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^((#^^#)^^#)^((#^^#)^^#)100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^((#^^#)^^#)^((#^^#)^^#)^((#^^#)^^#)100
E100((#^^#)^^#)^^#100
terrible terrible tethrathoth
E100(((#^^#)^^#)^^#)^^#100
terrible terrible terrible tethrathoth
E100((((#^^#)^^#)^^#)^^#)^^#100
terrible terrible terrible terrible tethrathoth
E100#^^#>#100
tethriterator
or
tethrathoth ba'al
or
ninety-nine-ex-terrible tethrathoth
This number begins to push the limits of LECEN. In xE^ however this can be compactly expressed as E100#^^#>#100, using the new #^^#># delimiter which diagonalizes over LECEN with the fundamental sequence:
#^^#>#[1] = #^^#
#^^#>#[n] = (#^^#>#[n-1])^^#
With this in place it now becomes trivial to move way way beyond LECEN...
E100#^^#>#(1+E100)
googol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
E100#^^#>#(1+E100#100)
grangol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
E100#^^#>#(1+E100#100#100)
greagol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
E100#^^#>#(1+E100#100#100#100)
gigangol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
E100#^^#>#(1+E100#100#100#100#100)
gorgegol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
gulgol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
gaspgol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
ginorgol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
gugold-ex-terrible tethrathoth
gugolthra-ex-terrible tethrathoth
throogol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
teroogol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godgahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
gridgahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
kubikahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
quarticahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
quinticahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
sexticahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
septicahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
octicahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
nonicahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
decicahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
viginticahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
nonaginticahlah-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godgathor-ex-terrible tethrathoth
goober bunch-ex-terrible tethrathoth
gralgathor-ex-terrible tethrathoth
thraelgathor-ex-terrible tethrathoth
terinngathor-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godtothol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
graltothol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
thraeltothol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
terinntothol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godtertathol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
graltertathol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godpeptathol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godextathol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godeptathol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
godoctathol-ex-terrible tethrathoth
tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth
grand tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth
Monster-Giant-ex-terrible tethrathoth
Super Monster-Giant-ex-terrible tethrathoth
terrible-tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth
terrible-terrible-tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth
terrible-terrible-terrible-tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth
terrible-terrible-terrible-terrible-tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth
E100((...((#^^#)^^#)...)^^#)^^#100
w/tethrathoth ba'al "^^#"s
Great and Terrible Tethrathoth
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
tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth-ex-terrible tethrathoth
This is as far as I've developed Extended Cascading-E Notation (xE^) at the moment. It's still a VERY VERY VERY VERY ... VERY VERY LONG WAY to pentational arrays. In the next catagory are some unimaginably vast numbers which currently no one quite knows where they should fall on the Fast-growing hierarchy...
XVIII. Computable Epoch
zeta(0) ~ w_1^CK
Entries: 33
3^^^3 & 3
triakulus
This is the smallest pentational array number Bowers' coins. Currently I'm not entirely certain where it falls on the fast growing hierachy or how much larger it is than the previous entry. All I can say at the moment is that it would have to be much much larger than anything expressible in Limited Extension Cascading-E Notation (LECEN). I believe my Extended Cascading-E Notation (xE^) goes even further than a triakulus, but it remains to be seen how much further. There is currently no consensus on BEAF. There is also no fully formalized definition of "pentational arrays". Although Chris Bird's array notation probably goes much further than this, his system has differences from a hypothetical Bowers' system, and it is not certain what the rules of Bowers' pentational arrays would be like. Solving the problem of Bowers' pentational arrays is an open problem in googology.
10^^^100 & 10
kungulus
A much larger pentational array number.
10^^^kungulus & 10
kungulusplex
The next recursive step for a kungulus!
10^^^^100 & 10
quadrunculus
Bowers' only example of a hexational-array number. It is not precisely known how these kinds of arrays would even work.
{10,10,10} & 10
tridecatrix
One of the 120 og Bowerisms. This was the largest one just before a golapulus, and was the only example of a "linear array array" of sorts. This one immediately followed goppatoth and goppathothplex.
{10,10,100} & 10
humongulus
This is Jonathan Bowers' humongulus and it is a truly massive value. To define it requires the creation of a general theory for how to apply up-arrow notation to ordinals. I believe that my xE^ notation goes at least this far if not further than {X,X,X}-space. Yet this is just the very beginning...
E100{#,#,1,2}100
blasphemorgulus
One of my favorite milestone ExE googolisms. It represents the limit of not only xE^ but also the limit of so called Hyper-Extended Cascading-E Notation (#xE^). #xE^ is believed to be of order-type phi(1,0,0,0). Blasphemorgulus is believed to fall between Jonathan Bowers' humongulus and tetdecatrix. Evidence for this proposition is mainly based on a theory of ordinal hyper-operators that is believed to match Bowers' intended operation of BEAF.
10^E100{#,#,1,2}100
blasphemorgulplex
This isn't intended as a salad number. There is actually an important distinction to be made between a blasphemorgulus and a blasphemorgulplex when dealing with a blasphemorgulminexiplex (remember that all the way at the very beginning of this list!). If we raise a blasphemorgulminexiplex to the power of a blasphemorgulplex, then we get a value of exactly 10. Proof: Let B = E100{#,#,1,2}100. (10^10^-B)^10^B = 10^(10^-B x 10^B) = 10^10^0 = 10^1 = 10. Even though a blasphemorgulplex ~ blasphemorgulus (from a googological point of view), if we incorrectly raise a blasphemorgulminexiplex to a blasphemorgulus we actually just get a number that would be frighteningly close to 1, intead of exactly 10. So the difference matters, at least in that particular context. Of course, way up here in the stratosphere, the difference doesn't matter at all and we can be assured that this has no chance of even being close to a tetdecatrix ...
{10,10,10,10} & 10
tetdecatrix
This is a new googolism created by Bowers' to fill some of the gap between a humongulus and a golapulus. It is much larger than humongulus, though its difficult to describe exactly in what way. This array would have exactly a tetradecal 10s in it's array, if only we knew how exactly.
{10,10,10,10,10} & 10
pendecatrix
The next in a sequence of new bowerism's extending from tridecatrix. This number is described by an array with a pentadecal 10s.
{10,10,10,10,10,10} & 10
hexdecatrix
The next logical construction after pendecatrix. This number is an array of {10,10,10,10,10,10} 10s.
7 & 10 & 10
hepdecatrix
Here we have a very early example of nesting the "array of" operator. With just 2 &s , numbers of the form a&b&c already are as strong as SVO (the small veblen ordinal).
8 & 10 & 10
ocdecatrix
The next in a fairly logical and straight forward progression from tridecatrix.
9 & 10 & 10
endecatrix
The last in the logical tridecatrix to endecatrix progression.
10 & 10 & 10
{10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10} & 10
lineatrix
Bowers' breaks with his adaptions of smaller googolism's with his -trix affix. Bowers' doesn't call 10&10 dekadecal either, and instead uses iteral. This suggests iteraltrix, but he doesn't use this either. Instead he names this number lineatrix, from the fact that it's array is formed from "linear" arrays.
(lineatrix) & 10 & 10
lineatrixplex
Bowers' ends his "Lineational Group" with a lineatrixplex. At this point a single recursive step is rather trivial, but it's cool to visualize none the less. It can be imagined as:
{10,10,10,10,10, ... ... ,10,10,10,10,10} & 10 w/lineatrix 10s in the array
Trippy stuff.
The gap to the next Bowerism is huge. He skips LVO, a common benchmark ordinal, entirely. The next bowerism, golapulus, is believed to fall somewhere between LVO and BHO, and may be larger than TREE(3), though due to a lack of a tight upperbound on TREE(3) we can't say for sure this is the case.
*
TREE(3)
This is a famous large number discovered by Harvey Friedman which at some point supplanted Graham's Number as the largest number ever defined by a professional mathematician. It's value is a consequence of Kruskal's theorem. Take any infinite sequence of labeled trees. There must exist a tree such that it is homeomorphically embeddable in an earlier tree. A consequence of this is that if a sequence of labeled trees has no members homeomorphically embeddable into an earlier tree then the sequence must be finite. Now consider all of these sequences. Friedmann showed that there must be a longest such sequence of trees. Now consider the function TREE(k). It is defined as the length of the longest such sequence of trees using only k-labels. TREE(3) is the length of the longest sequence of trees using only 3 labels. It can be proven that TREE(1) = 1 and TREE(2) = 3 , but TREE(3) is the first non-trivial case and it's such a vast number that even extending the Fast Growing Hierarchy to Gamma(0) or even the Ackermann ordinal is not enough. It has been demonstrated that TREE(k) is at least of order type SVO. A more rigorous bound shows that TREE(k) is at least of order type psi(W^(W^w*w)).
This places it somewhere in the Great Silence between a lineatrix and a golapulus. Whatever TREE(3) turns out to be, it won't collapse like the solution to Graham's problem.
Incredibly this still is not the largest number in professional mathematics ...
*Note: The placement of this number is not precisely known. It has been proven to be larger than lineatrix (under any of the current interpretations), and has a lower bound of phi(w(1)0), but there does not exist any tight upperbound for this number currently, so it is not known for certain to be less than golapulus. Golapulus however is much larger, so it might be unlikely that TREE(3) is larger than it. Perhaps more insight into this will be found in the future. For now I am placing TREE(3) here as it's most likely place in the sequence.
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THE FIRST GREAT SILENCE
lineatrix ~ golapulus
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10^100 & 10 & 10
{10,10(100)2} & 10
golapulus
This is a value that just goes way way WAY beyond anything we have yet encountered! It's indescribable with the current techniques I'm employing. It is probably going require the introduction of ordinal collapsing functions.
The gap between this number and lineatrix is just HUGE ... and I don't mean in the usual way. All googolism's are googologically far apart ... but between lineatrix and a golapulus is a great silence. There are no Bowerism's between these numbers. Bowers' makes an increadible leap at this point skipping over a lot of possible inbetween values and jumps straight to this monsterosity! In fact I doubt you'll find many googolism's in the great silence. The systems at this point develop so fast that one can take immediately tremendous leaps into totally new kinds of numbers. A golapulus is just such a "new kind of number". It's not even in the same echelon as lineatrix. It's another breed entirely. An entirely new theory will be needed to reach numbers of this caliber ...
10^100 & 10 & 10 & 10
{10,10(100)2} & 10 & 10
golapulusplex
golapulusplex takes a leap analogous to the gongulus to the golapulus. Just as golapulus is a gongulus array of 10s (whatever that means), a golapulusplex is a golapulus array of 10s. But make no mistake, this is not a simple recursive step forward like last time. No it's something much much worse. This is the first time that Bowers' uses the plex affix for something other than basic recursion. This could be called a form of ordinal recursion, as it's a way to generate a new much larger ordinal from a smaller ordinal by using an ordinal function. Consequently this number is in a completely different league than a golapulus. We have again made another tremendous leap and skipped ALOT! We have skipped BHO, one of the major milestones, but this is still before the TFB ordinal.
{10&10&10&10&10&10&10&10&10&10}
{10,10/2}
dekulus
This is a new bowerism. This would already be well beyond a golapulus, or even golapulusplex, though believe it or not, it would still be computable. This is the last of only three entries in the so called "Golapulus Group".
10^100 & 10 & 10 & ... & 10 & 10
w/(10^100 & 10 & 10) terms
golapulusplux
One of Bowers' original 121 googolisms. This one is no longer found on his new number list, yet the definition is not difficult to rewite in Bowers new notation. Original this was notated as X{10,100,3},golapulusX, which was meant to indicate the number of times to iterate the "array of" operator on the left argument. This number would hypothetically be larger than {10,golapulus / 2} in Bowers modern notation, but less than {10,(golapulus+1) / 2 }. Either way, this would still be much much smaller than ...
{3,3,3/2}
the big boowa
This is Bowers' smallest googolism to utilize the legion bar "/". Bowers' defines {b,p/2} = b&b&...&b w/p bs. So {3,3/2} is {3&3&3} or triakulus. {3,3,2/2} would be {3,triakulus/2}. But this is nothing compare to a big boowa. In Bowers original notation this was notated as:
X3,{3,3}X
An early form of iterating through legion space. I believe that this is equivalent to the modern version.
X3,3,2X
This number is unnamed on Bowers old website, but it's offered as an example to introduce "the rules" for the new array notation. This cryptic explanation is offered:
X3,3,2X = X{3,3,3},2,2X = X{3,3,3}&3,1,2X = X3,{3,3,3}&3X
This is alleviated somewhat by my use of more modern notation to make it clearer. This should be roughly equivalent to {3,3 / {3,3,3}&3 } in modern notation. One thing to note is Bowers repeatedly refers to {3,3,3}&3 as "dutritri" however this appears to be a mistake. The number 3^3&3 is called a dimentri instead. In any case the operation here is not entirely clear as it does not follow the same rules as ordinary array notation. It can be surmised though, that the second entry can become arrays up to any legion space, which suggests this will be bounded by {3,n / 1 / 2}.
X3,3,3X
the great big boowa
This is one of Bowers' original 121 googolisms. The exact mechanism of this notation is unclear, but I believe it will be much weaker than multiple legion bars. This is believed to be approximately equivalent to {3,n / 1 / 3} in more modern notation.
X10^100 & 10X
the great big bongulus
This is Bowers original number "bongulus". However he eventually named a much smaller number that, so I've taken the liberty of calling this number the great big bongulus instead, following suit with names like the great big boowa. This would be equivalent (theoretically) to a dimensional legion array. Thus this would still all be smaller than {b,p // 2 }, which in turn is much much smaller than the big hoss.
{ 10^10 & 10 }_10
wompogulus
One of Bowers' original aol hometown googolisms. This one would, hypothetically, be equivalent to tenth level legion bars, making it just a little weaker than the big hoss.
{100,100/////.../////2} w/ 100 "/"s
The Big Hoss
Bowers' comes up with a way to apply the legion array trick multiple times and on multiple levels of complexity. This is one example of such a number. We are now way way way beyond the big boowa.
{ 10^10 & 10 }_wompogulus
wompogulusplex
This should be equivalent to wompogulus-level legion bars. We pass up the big hoss but we've almost exhausted the old notation ...
# 10^100&{10^10&10} #
guapamonga
The old value for a guapamonga the penultimate googolism of Jonathan Bowers original set. It is not known exactly where this would fall in the new notation, but it's believed to be vastly smaller than a meameamealokkapoowa oompa. Just one more classic Bowerism to go ...
# 10^100&{10^10&10} #_guapamonga
guapamongaplex
This used to be the number everyone mentioned as the "largest named number" when Jonathan Bowers first introduced his array notation. Despite it's seeming impressive array of ... well arrays ... it's still believed to be vastly smaller than ...
{L100,10}10,10
meameamealokkapoowa
The legions marks can be ranked into a hierarchy of legion marks. This number uses 100th order legion marks. It is the second largest computable googolism of Bowers'.
{{L100,10}10,10&L,10}10,10
meameamealokkapoowa oompa
This is the largest computable number Bowers' has named. It diagonalizes over the strongest version of BEAF that allows for structures of Ls. Despite being frighteningly large, being described as trying to "understand the size of God" in Bowers' own words, there is a good chance it's not the largest known computable number. This honor is probably due to Loader's Number.
D5(99)
Loader's Number
Loader's Number is the output of loader.c, a C progam written by Ralph Loader as part of the Big Number Bakeoff and the winning entry. It diagonalizes over the calculus of constructions and is so powerful that it's not even known what level of recursion it employs. It is hailed as the largest known computable number.
XIX. Uncomputable Epoch
w_1^CK ~ ????
Entries: 7
Xi(106)
Briefly considered larger than Rayo's Number.
Rayo(10100)
Rayo's Number
Probably the most famous and well known of the uncomputable googolism's
FOOT10(10100)
BIG FOOT
The earliest attempt to dethrone Rayo's Number with a new champion of uncomputable googology.
????????
croutonillion
A running gag on googology wiki. Croutonillion was intended to be the most salady of salad numbers ever created ... on purpose. Since the croutonillion literally folds every well defined thing into its overly complicated definition, it is, at any point of time, larger than any well defined googolism. The only thing it can't beat are things that are too ill-defined to meaningfully incorporate ... which brings us to ...
????????
Oblivion
Bowers' attempt to take the crown of uncomputable googology, by suggesting that languages themselves have sizes and one can have larger languages to have stronger languages to diagonalize over.
????????
Utter Oblivion
Bowers' follow up on an Oblivion. An Utter Oblivion uses Oblivion in it's definition, not unlike the way a googolplex uses googol in its definition, or meameamealokkapoowa oompa uses meameamealokkapoowa in it's definition.
????????
Sam's Number
This number, according to it's original description, is simply indescribable. This has been taken to mean that it is beyond any definition or description that we could ever create in this universe. Thusly, it must be larger than anything anyone anywhere anywhen could ever define, making this the default "largest number". While this "number" is necessarily ill-defined, there must also necessarily be numbers larger than any description we could ever create that we may call "indescribable". So even without an actual definition, we will simply say this marks the point in the list where indescribable numbers would begin.
... and so on ...
What's the largest finite number? There isn't one! But that doesn't mean we can just keep going on indefinitely. We can never express ALL the finite numbers, because there is an infinite number of them, so there is a limit to what we can express at any given time. Googology has made incredible progress over the last 200 years. But it really will never be over. As long as there are people interested in large numbers, there will be googology ...
THE END
... or is it? ...
... ... ... ...
it never ends ... ... ... ...
and we never reach infinity ... ... ... ...
because it's not a destination ... ... ... ...
it's a domain ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ...
but ...
if you really want to skip ahead to infinity ...
continue on to the Transfinite Numbers ...
Transfinite Numbers
[ℵ0,Ω)
Entries: 47
Countably Infinite
Entries: 40
ℵ0
aleph-null
Also known colloquially as infinity. In Cantor's theory of transfinites it is known as aleph-null when treated as a cardinal number, and omega when treated as an ordinal number. In an informal sense all of these concepts are the same, but there are important technical distinctions to be made. Infinity in calculus refers to a real quantity which increases without bound. It is not so much a number, as a way of expressing the behavior of a limit. omega refers to the order-type of the set of non-negative integers. Aleph-null on the other hand, is defined as the cardinality of the set of positive integers. In plain speak Aleph-null is the "number" of numbers. The problem with this is that the set of positive integers is suppose to represent all things that we might wish to count. It however, can not count itself. So is the "number" of numbers, even a number then? Cantor thought so. In some ways we can treat aleph-null as a number, in that we can compare it to other numbers and determine which is larger. Using the concept of one-to-one correspondence Cantor showed that we can rationally say that aleph-null is larger than any positive integer, even though the previously prevailing wisdom was that infinity was not a number and could not be compared in this way. But accepting this view leads to some mind bending anomalies. Using one-to-one correspondence we can show there are just as many even numbers, squares, cubes, etc. as there are positive integers, despite that fact that these are all subsets of the positive integers. This violates the principle that the "whole is always greater than any proper part of the whole". So aleph-null is a number such that a proper part of it is still just as large... baffling. When working with finite numbers we implicitly understand the exclusivity of "larger" vs. "equal". A number can not be both. Hence when one particular correspondence shows that one finite set has more than another finite set, we know that no correspondence can exist which shows they are equal. Not so with infinite sets! Even if we have a correspondence which shows one is larger than the other, it doesn't necessarily mean that a correspondence doesn't exist showing they are equal. In the Cantorian universe of cardinals, in order for an infinity to be truly larger than another infinity it must be shown that "there does not exist ANY one-to-one correspondences". Since there must be an infinite number of such correspondences, checking each one individually is not an option. It is necessary to come up with a proof which shows the impossibility of such a correspondence. It might be assumed that all infinities are essentially the same and can be put in one-to-one correspondence with each other. The amazing thing Cantor did however was to show that there were infinities which could not be put in one-to-one correspondence with aleph-null. Thus Cantor showed that there was not one infinity ... but an infinity of infinities ... (See aleph-one). This is Cantor's paradise, or nightmare, depending on your perspective.
w+1
omega and one
This is the smallest ordinal number after "omega". Informally we can think of this as infinity plus one. One formulation of ordinals is to treat them as sets of all smaller ordinals. In order to say omega and one is "larger" than "omega" we define largeness to mean that one ordinal is larger than another if the smaller ordinal is included in the set of the larger. The set w+1 would be {w,0,1,2,3,...}. It would be composed of all the non-negative integers plus omega. Thus w+1 by this definition is larger. However, since the cardinality of every ordinal is represented by the cardinality of it's set, we can also show that in a sense w = w+1, since w={0,1,2,3,...} and w+1={w,0,1,2,...} we can pair off arguments as: {(0,w),(1,0),(2,1),(3,2),...}, which shows both sets have the same number of elements, even though w+1 includes one more. Confused? Basically there is two ways to look at comparison of infinities: the cardinal view and the ordinal view. By the ordinal view, omega and one is greater, by the cardinal view omega and omega plus one are the same thing. Cardinals don't play a large role in googology, but the countable ordinals do. So for our purposes the distinction between w and w+1 is important.
w+2
omega and two
Just as we can extend large numbers arbitrarily, we can do the same with the ordinal w. Just think of "w" as a VERY large number. So we can add one to it, or two, or have ...
2w
two omega
2w+1
two omega and one
2w+2
two omega and two
3w
three omega
w2
omega squared
w2+1
omega squared and one
w2+w
omega squared and omega
w2+w+1
omega squared, omega and one
2w2
two omega squared
w3
omega cubed
ww
φ(w,0)
omega to the omega
ww^w
omega to the omega to the omega
ε0
φ(0,1)
epsilon-zero
Cantor gave this ordinal the special name epsilon-zero. What is it? It's the smallest ordinal larger than any ordinal that can be "named" using addition, multiplication, and exponentiation with the symbol w. In other words:
e0 = lim{w,w^w,w^w^w,w^w^w^w,...}
In other other words, e0 = w^w^w^... where there is omega w's. It can be defined as the smallest ordinal "a", such that a=w^a. This implies that e0=w^e0. Weird. It's also equal to phi(0,1) in the Veblen fixed point hierarchy.
Informally you can think of it as an infinite power tower of infinities! It can also informally be called w^^w.
This ordinal is actually important for us as it represents the size of Jonathan Bowers' tetrational arrays. Not only does Bowers' tetrational arrays have an exact arity of epsilon-zero (a tetrational array is well defined as long as only a finite number of entries are greater than 1. The rest are all equal to 1 by default. If we use the ordinals to count all the entries in tetrational space, there is exactly epsilon-zero entries), but function epsilon-zero of the fast-growing hierarchy has an equivalent growth rate to tetrational arrays. Epsilon-zero also represents an important impasse. Up to this point the notation is fairly natural, and there is basically universal agreement on how to "name" ordinals less than epsilon-zero and how to determine which of any two such ordinals is larger. At epsilon-zero however we begin to run into problems. There are at least two different ways to continue naming ordinals, and certain expressions are difficult to interpret, such as w^^(w+1). The fact is, that we are forced to make certain choices about notation after this point, and none of them follows as naturally as it does up to epsilon-zero. There is however a widely excepted extension known as the Veblen hierarchy. Unfortunately this extension is radically different than Bowers' own extension to pentational ordinals and beyond. It is an open question how to convert from Bowers' ordinals to Veblen ordinals.
ε0+1
epsilon-zero and one
What's so hard about continuing... just add one. Well of coarse we can always add one in the system of ordinals, just like we do with finite numbers (this suggests that there is NO largest ordinal, just like there is no largest integer). The problem isn't so much adding one. It's what happens as we continue further along...
w^(ε0+1) / w*ε0
omega to the epsilon-zero and one / omega epsilon-zero
Here we encounter one of our first problems, though admittedly pretty minor. There is more than one possible ordinal notation we could use. In the first version we are building towards a stack of omega's, in the second a stack of epsilon-zeros. You'll see what I mean as we continue
w^w^(ε0+1) / ε0^w
omega to the omega to the epsilon-zero and one / epsilon-zero to the omega
Despite the fact that we have at least two different ways to write ordinals after epsilon-zero, the good news is that it isn't too difficult up to this point to create a correspondence between them. That is, we can convert one notation to the other and thereby compare ordinals in both systems and determine which is larger. The key to this conversion is the definition e0=w^e0. Using this we can convert the first form into the second as follows:
w^w^(e0+1) = w^(w*w^e0) = (w^w^e0)^w = (w^e0)^w = e0^w
This takes some getting used to, but w^e0 is merely e0, while w^(e0+1) > e0. In fact it's worse than that because e0 = w^e0 = w^w^e0 = w^w^w^e0 = ... etc.
ε0^ε0
epsilon-zero to the epsilon-zero
This is a cool ordinal. This is epsilon-zero raised to the epsilon-zero. What is this in the Cantor normalized form? Let's see (remember e0=w^e0):
e0^e0 = (w^e0)^e0 = w^(e0*e0) = w^(w^e0*w^e0) = w^w^(2e0)
Weird. Still, it seems like the ordinals after epsilon-zero are well behaved so far. What is the limit of extending e0 using exponentiation though...
ε1
φ(1,1)
epsilon-one
Epsilon-one is the next big step in the Veblen fixed point hierarchy. Epsilon-one can be defined as the smallest ordinal larger than any ordinal expressible using only addition,multiplication, and exponentiation on the ordinals "w" and "e0". One way to define it is as:
e1 = lim{e0+1,w^(e0+1),w^w^(e0+1),w^w^w^(e0+1),...}
Now that you've seen this you can probably guess what happens next...
ε2
φ(2,1)
epsilon-two
Epsilon-two is the limit of expressions using w,e0 and e1:
e2 = lim{e1+1,w^(e1+1),w^w^(e1+1),...}
εw
φ(w,1)
epsilon-omega
Now that we have established a general rule we can continue to any ordinal index of epsilon ... including infinite ordinals. YIKES ...
εw^w
φ(w^w,1)
epsilon-omega-to-the-omega
εe0
φ(φ(0,1),1)
epsilon-epsilon-zero
εe(e0)
φ(φ(φ(0,1),1),1)
epsilon-epsilon-epsilon-zero
εe(e(e(...
φ(0,2)
Epsilon Limit Ordinal / zeta-minor-naught
Here we reach the limit of the idea of "Epsilon-numbers". This ordinal is sometimes referred to as zeta-naught. However I've avoided using this notation here, because I have reserved zeta-naught for the hypothetical ordinal w^^^w. It is doubtful that this ordinal is that large. Still this is a pretty cool ordinal. It's usually the largest ordinal mentioned in a popular discussion of Cantor's transfinite ordinals. That's probably because after this, we need to develop a more generalized means for continuing and it becomes far less natural and more technical. Most authors would consider this sufficient as an introduction to Cantor's ordinals. After this it starts to get somewhat academic...
φ(1,2)
zeta-minor-one
φ(0,3)
φ(0,w)
φ(0,φ(0,1))
φ(0,φ(0,φ(0,1)))
Γ0
φ(0,0,1)
Feferman-Schutte Ordinal
This is the Feferman-Schutte ordinal, also known as gamma-naught. It's the limit of the binary Veblen function. It is said that the growth rate of the function TREE(n) is comparable to gamma-naught of the fast growing hierarchy. Determining where gamma-naught falls along Bowers' ordinals is therefore important to determining where TREE(3), a famous large number, falls along Bowers' googolisms.
φ( w & a )
Small Veblen Ordinal
The small Veblen Ordinal is the limit of extending the Veblen function to a Veblen array.
φ( w & a & a )
It is possible to extend Veblen arrays, just as Bowers' extends his array notation. This is an example of Bowers' idea in professional mathematics!
φ( ... a & a & a & a )
Large Veblen Ordinal
The Large Veblen Ordinal is the limit of allowing the arity of an extended-Veblen array to be any ordinal definable using an extended-Veblen array. Despite how huge this is, it is still a computable ordinal. That means that any ordinal less than this in the fast-growing hierarchy is still a computable function.
w1ck
Church-Kleene Ordinal
This is the infamous Church-Kleene Ordinal, said to be the smallest non-recursive ordinal. Strangely, even though it's non-recursive it's countable. This means that the cardinality of the set w1^ck is still aleph-one! It's like we haven't gone anywhere yet, even though we have gone a very long way in terms of ordinals. The distance between this ordinal and the Large Veblen Ordinal is insurmountably vast.
This ordinal is also equivalent to the growth rate of the Busy Beaver function.
w2ck
One can also have a hierarchy of non-recursive ordinals.
w(w)ck
A.P. Goucher has claimed that this is the growth rate of the function Rayo(n).
w(w(w( ...|ck
First Church-Kleene Fixed Point
This is the growth rate of A.P. Goucher's Xi function. Currently the fastest growing function in googology.
Uncountably Infinite
Entries: 7
ℵ1
aleph-one
Aleph-one is the first uncountable number. What does that mean? It means that any set with at least this many elements can not be put into one-to-one correspondence with the set of positive integers. Put another way, it's a number so large that even if you attempted to list it's arguments 1st,2nd,3rd, ... and continued this list forever, you still wouldn't be able to account for all it's arguments!! This number is larger than infinity to its own power, larger than a power tower of infinities infinitely high ... it simply defies description. It can't be compared with aleph-null. At first it seems impossible, nightmarish. Yet it's existence seems inescapable. Cantor did not set out trying to prove there was a larger infinity. He stumbled upon it by accident. He assumed that all infinities were the same. But when he tried to set up a one-to-one correspondence between the positive integers and the real numbers he discovered he couldn't. Eventually he realized that the reason he was having so much difficult had to be because no such correspondence actually existed. So he then set out to prove there were more reals than positive integers. Here he succeeded. It was soon also discovered that the power set of aleph-null had to be greater than aleph-null. Cantor tried to prove that the power set of aleph-null was the same as the cardinality of the real numbers, but he was unable to do this. Some say it was this question that drove him mad. Later on it was proved that the question itself was undecidable, meaning no proof existed within Cantors framework that would show that the power set of aleph-null was also the cardinality of the reals. It's at this point that we learn something disturbing about studying infinity: that certain "truths" about them are unknowable and must simply be assumed one way or another. Some mathematicians have assumed Cantor's conjecture to be correct, or at least a useful way of working with infinities, and have taken it as an axiom, where others have explored other possible systems. But this begs the question: how can infinities defined in radically different systems be compared. The most important feature of any large number competition is that eligible entries must be well-ordered. That is, for any two distinct members, a larger member can be determined, at least in principle. When that breaks down we no longer have a competition, and for me personally, that is the essence of googology: a competition with a verifiable champion.
N2
aleph-two
The next hypothetical aleph number, which can not be put into one-to-one correspondence with aleph-one or lower. Again, the power set of aleph-one is also larger, but we can't determine whether the power set of aleph-one or aleph-two is larger.
This generalization of coarse leads us to...
Nw
aleph-omega
Ne0
aleph-epsilon-zero
NN(1)
aleph-aleph-one
NN(N(1))
aleph-aleph-aleph-one
N(N(N(...
First Aleph-fixed point
THE ABSOLUTE
Ω
ABSOLUTE INFINITY
This number is a FORBIDDEN NUMBER above and beyond all forbidden numbers. To Georg Cantor, who was religious, this number literally represented the totally boundless nature of GOD's power! The concept of Absolute Infinity is so bizarre that it isn't even considered an official transfinite number! This is because the concept itself is a nightmare of contradictions and incomprehensibility. It serves virtually no purpose in mathematics except to mystify the mind of man. It's an infinity amongst infinities, in a very literal sense. Absolute infinity can be thought of as the limit of ALL TRANSFINITE NUMBERS! How is this even possible? Cantor defined absolute infinity by saying that any property you could imagine it being the first to possess, is already possessed by a lesser number. What this means is that we literally can not describe anything about this number. Any description would be referring to something other than absolute infinity! Sound familiar? It's exactly the same thing that philosopher's have said about GOD. That we can't say what GOD is, only what GOD isn't. But how can this make any sense?! If we empty a term of all meaning, what meaning could it have. Absolute infinity actually already contradicts itself, because by Cantor's own logic, the power set of any set is a larger set. But then the power set of Absolute infinity would be larger, but then it wouldn't be larger than all transfinite numbers!!!
Cantor's vision of the infinite is mind-blowing, and bizarre almost beyond description. In Cantor's own time his ideas brought on much ire from his fellow mathematicians. Yet not everyone wanted to silence these new ideas. It was described by Hilbert as "a paradise from which we will never be evicted". But Cantor's infinities are a lot like pandora's box. Once we open it, there doesn't seem to really be an end whatsoever. Where as before we could call infinity the largest number possible, now even that isn't enough. Yet here at Absolute Infinity we see the same human impulse that lead to infinity in the first place. The desire to declare a stopping point. A desire to comprehend the incomprehensible and give it a name. A desire to bring a close to things which are naturally open-ended. This is in contradistinction to the human impulse to move forward unimpeded. With Absolute Infinity we see Cantor being contradictory by trying to hold on to both ideas at once. Is it such a stretch to suggest that maybe old plain vanilla infinity might also be such a contradiction? How can any number claim to be the largest and final number? But if we gain nothing by declaring infinity the largest, then maybe we should just embrace the boundless. We don't need a last number. We think that's what we want, but three seconds later we would just define a larger one. So let's just admit, there is no such thing as a largest number, and that's okay. We don't need to name all the numbers today, tomorrow or ever, ... the numbers will always be out there waiting patiently. There is no rush............................................................................................................................................