SUPPLEMENTS

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A SCIENTIFIC LOOK AT ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE

Dietary Supplements

Thomas J. Wheeler, Ph.D.

Associate Professor (retired), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,

University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville KY

thomas.wheeler@louisville.edu

Revised 2021

This material was originally part of a handout for an elective course given to medical students at the University of Louisville.

Copyright 2021. Permission to copy for non-profit uses is granted as long as proper citation of the source is given.

DISCLAIMER: The material presented here is not medical advice. It represents the author's summary of scientific evidence concerning various topics. For medical advice, see your physician.

CONTENTS

PART 1 General aspects. Includes overview, regulation and labeling, adverse effects, scientific critique, conventional nutrition, antioxidants, phytochemicals, and reviews and major trials of multiple supplements

PART 2 Some items marketed as dietary supplements. Discusses 175 individual topics, arranged alphabetically.

REFERENCES for Parts 1 and 2, with links to on-line articles and abstracts

A pdf file (120 pages), including both parts and references, is available at this site: Supplements2021.pdf

Note: Herbs are regulated along with dietary supplements in the U.S., so their regulation is included in Part 1. For discussion of other aspects of herbs, as well as individual herbal products, see the HERBS article.