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Vision Processing for Real-time 3-D Data Acquisition Based on Coded Structured Light
Scope of the photo management system project
Convert a 2-D image to 3-D image by using particular image’s pixel combination and with out using any other images.
Introduction
COMPUTER vision has become a very important means to obtain the free download online photo album management system project report 3-D model of an object. A number of 3-D sensing methods have been explored by researchers in the free download online photo album management system project report past 30 years. The structured light has made its progress from single light-spot projection to complex coded pattern, and, consequently, the 3-D scanning operation speeds up from several hours per image to dozens of images per second.
The first stage of feasible structured light systems came in early 1980 when the free download online photo album management system project report binary coding or gray coding methods were employed. This kind of pattern can achieve high accuracy in the free download online photo album management system project report measurements. This is due to the photo album management system fact that the project documentation pattern resolutions are exponentially increasing among the asp.net photo album project coarse-to-fine light projections and the online photo album project report stripe gap tends to 0, but the project documentation stripe locations are easily distinguishable since a small set of primitives is used, and, therefore, the position of a pixel can be encoded precisely. It also takes the php asp.net java source code advantage of easy implementation, and, thus, this method is still the most widely used in structured light systems. The main drawback is that they cannot be applied to moving surfaces since multiple patterns must be projected. In order to obtain a better resolution, a technique based on the free download online photo album management system project report combination of gray code and phase shifting is often used. Its drawback is that a larger number of projection patterns (e.g., >20images) are required.
With the album management aim to project only one light pattern before capturing a scene image, color stripes are invented for replacing multiple black/white projections. This idea brings a development of “one-shot” 3-D image acquisition and it is possibly applied in measuring moving objects. People have attempted a lot of such systems for practical implementation, in which a phase-shifting method can also be employed. Among them, the De Bruijn sequences are the photo album mostly used technique. Although these promise real-time applications, limitations of this method are still considerable. One is its tradeoff between reliability and accuracy. Since adjacent color stripes should have enough spectral difference, people have to use a limited number of color stripes or apply them periodically, which produces either stripe ambiguity or rough resolution. Another limitation is the php asp.net java source code flexibility of its system setup. Since it is a 1-D spatial coding method, the baseline between the free download online photo album management system project report camera and the online photo album project report projector should be nearly orthogonal with light planes. It is suitable for setting up a fixed system, but not for some applications where dynamic reconfiguration and recalibration if multiple degrees of freedom are required.
Modules
Load Image/Save Image
Image processing techniques
Image Resize
3-Data acquisition
Module Description
Load Image/Save Image
Loading the asp.net photo album project particular image for the image processing, in the free download online photo album management system project report particular bitmap. This is by opening the asp.net photo album project dialog box and selecting the asp.net photo album project particular image file. After alteration, can save the photo album particular image.
Image processing techniques
Various processing technique are included in the free download online photo album management system project report project (invert, grayscale, brightness, contrast, gamma and color).
Image Resize
In this module, resizing the asp.net photo album project image in zoom in and zoom out. Resizing is a technique in image processing and here, added as a module, and sizing is by percentage.
3D-Data acquisition
This is the php asp.net java source code main module in this project. First, converts to binary image (gray scale), passes color to the photo album management system matrix and converts to 3D by the bca mca bsc cs project report combination colors of image.
Reconstructing accurate shape from images is a longstanding and challenging problem in computer vision. Structured light techniques methods simplify the bca mca bsc cs project report problem with the album management help of controlled illumination and can yield excellent results in practice. Recently, researchers have focused on speeding up the acquisition process by designing techniques that require only a small number of input images, in some cases even a single image. Indeed, being able to capture accurate shape from a single image opens up the possibility of scanning moving scenes by repeating the asp.net photo album project process at video rates.
Custom hardware solutions have been developed to solve the photo album problem of rapid shape capture, but enabling the asp.net photo album project construction of rangefinders from more commonly available components makes them more accessible to other researchers. To this end, we focus on optical triangulation methods which can be developed with a video projector (in some cases, a slide projector) and a camera.
In designing optical triangulation systems, researchers seeking to minimize the photo album number of images required for shape capture typically face a set of trade-offs. For instance, a gray ramp and a solid white pattern projected onto a surface can be used to encode position; after taking the asp.net photo album project ratio of the photo management system two images, the brightness at each pixel determines the php asp.net java source code corresponding point on the free download online photo album management system project report ramp. The drawback of such an approach is sensitivity to noise, as errors in brightness measurement can translate into substantial triangulation errors. Rather than a smooth pattern, we could instead project a high frequency pattern such as a square wave. While the photo album imaged edges can be quite precisely localized and triangulated, an ambiguity problem arises: the correspondence between observed edges and projected image is not directly measurable.
We seek to develop an accurate triangulation system, and thus follow the approach of projecting high frequency patterns. To simplify the bca mca bsc cs project report correspondence problem, we project color patterns, which essentially encode more bits of information at each edge, at the project documentation expense of some limitations on surface reflectance (e.g., the surface must reflect light in all channels). Nonetheless, de to the photo album management system finite number of distinct edge transitions available in three color channels, ambiguity remains. Indeed, the edges themselves may be noisy and have non-zero likelihood of being associated with more than one different color transition. Our goal then is to find a surface that is the php asp.net java source code most likely among all possible hypothesized correspondences.
We address this multiple hypothesis correspondence problem with dynamic programming. Dynamic programming has long been used in stereo vision, but has a number of limitations that have made it less desirable than other methods of stereo reconstruction. In the free download online photo album management system project report context of color structured light range finding, however, we show that it can be quite powerful. We describe a dynamic programming method that constructs piecewise-continuous surfaces. One limitation of dynamic programming in this setting is the php asp.net java source code requirement that the project documentation surface be monotonic with respect to the photo album management system projector and camera. To overcome this limitation, we develop a multi-pass version of dynamic programming that recovers surfaces that violate monotonic. A second problem with dynamic programming as applied to traditional stereo correspondence is that incorporating inter-scan line constraints is problematic, resulting in abrupt disparity discontinuities between adjacent scan lines. With the album management aid of color structured light, however, we have observed that the project documentation correspondence is sufficiently robust that inter-scan line constraints are simply not necessary. This conclusion has been borne out in many experiments over a wide range of scanned objects.
Based on this dynamic programming technique, we demonstrate a system capable of reconstructing accurate shape from a single image. When more than one image can be obtained, notably for the case of a static scene, we show that the project documentation additional images can be incorporated to yield denser and more accurate reconstructions. In particular, using a small number of images acquired while the photo album projector pattern shifts across the php asp.net java source code object, we can match against the project documentation time evolution of the photo management system reflected pattern observed at each pixel. This temporal matching is shown to have greater immunity to shape and shading variations.
Optical triangulation has been an active area of research for decades. The techniques that have been developed range from those that require many images to reconstruct a surface
to those that require only a single image. Here we discuss several, but by no means all, papers along that continuum.
Among the asp.net photo album project scanners that acquire many images, the swept stripe scanner is among the asp.net photo album project most common, a plane of light sweeps across a surface while a CCD array images the php asp.net java source code stripe reflection and triangulates to the photo album management system light plane, scan line by scan line. Employ a flying
spot and linear sensor array, sweep a light plane but record the online photo album project report time at which a peak is observed at each sensor pixel. This time is then used to triangulate the photo album sensor line of sight back to the photo album management system position of the photo management system stripe at that time. Curless and Levoy generalize this temporal analysis (calling it “spacetime analysis”) to other scanner configurations and observe that it substantially increases immunity to shape and reflectance variations which affect purely spatial analyses. While the photo album Kanade scanner (developed as a low resolution prototype) and a version of the photo management system Rioux scanner can achieve high frame rates, both require highly customized hardware. In the free download online photo album management system project report direction of using fewer images, Sato and Inokuchi describe a set of hierarchical stripe patterns to give range images with logN images, where N is the php asp.net java source code number of resolvable stripes. In particular, the images contain Gray codes, each camera pixel observes a bit code over time, and, at the project documentation finest resolution, each pixel is associated with the album management interior of a thin stripe. Caspi reduce the photo album number of images further by using a color generalization of Gray codes. Finally, Hattori and Sato refine the photo album original hierarchical stripe technique by introducing sub-pixel offsets to the photo album management system final stripe pattern to get finer resolution. Their approach is similar to space-time analysis and uses logN stripes plus m shifted versions of the photo management system finest stripes.
Techniques and Algorithm Used
The structured light system in this work consists of a CCD camera and a digital projector. That is similar to the photo album management system traditional stereo vision system, but with its second camera replaced
by the bca mca bsc cs project report light source which projects a known pattern of light on the free download online photo album management system project report scene. Another single camera captures the php asp.net java source code illuminated scene. The required 3-D information can be obtained by analyzing the asp.net photo album project deformation of the photo management system imaged pattern with respect to the photo album management system projected one. Here, the correspondences between the free download online photo album management system project report projected pattern and the online photo album project report imaged one can be solved directly via codifying the asp.net photo album project projected pattern, so that each projected light point carries some information. When the free download online photo album management system project report point is imaged on the free download online photo album management system project report image plane, this information can be used to determine its coordinates on the free download online photo album management system project report projected pattern.
Advantages
1. Accurate 3-D data acquisition.
2. Using only a single image.
3. Low cost and real time
Applications
The estimation and the online photo album project report possibility for more optimization opportunities for engineering implementation.