a)
War in Afghanistan; the 1980 Olympics
b) War in Vietnam; a weak, corrupt government bureaucracy
c) A weak collective farming system; a corrupt government bureaucracy
d) A weak collective farming system; the Russian mafia
12. Which of the following was one of the most serious problems facing Gorbachev’s reforms?
a) immigration from Eastern Europe c) perestroika in Afghanistan
b) the multiethnic republics d) imported furs
13. Which of the following founded the Polish national trade union Solidarity?
a) Lech Walesa c) Alexander Dubcek
b) Mikhail Gorbachev d) Václav Havel
14. Reforms began in Romania after ____ was removed from power.
a) Konrad Adenauer c) Michal Kovác
b) Leonid Brezhnev d) Nicolae Ceausescu
15. The policy that the Soviet Union had a right to intervene if communism was threatened in another Communist nation was known as the a) Marshall Plan. b) Brezhnev Doctrine. c) Kosygin Doctrine. d) Gorbachev Initiative.
16. The Russian word perestroika, used to describe the reform movement led by Mikhail Gorbachev, means
a)
Great Britain b) East Germany c) France d) West Germany
9. French president Charles de Gaulle attempted to return France to the status of a world power by
a) investing heavily in tourism.
b) entering into a new series of alliances with African countries.
c) investing heavily in nuclear weapons.
d) petitioning for financial aid from the United Nations relief fund.
10. In political history, the term "détente" refers to
a) the East German movement to have the Berlin Wall removed.
b) U.S. foreign policies relating to Soviet expansion during the Korean War.
c) U.S. foreign policies relating to Southeast Asia after the Vietnam War.
d) improved relations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in the 1970s.
11. ____ and ____ weakened the Soviet economy during Brezhnev’s leadership.
a)
1. Which of the following countries was a member of the Warsaw Pact?
a) Poland b) Denmark c) Italy d) France
2. The Marshall Plan was designed to
a) prevent Soviet involvement in Angola.
b) restore the economic stability of European nations after World War II.
c) develop a comprehensive military strategy for the defense of Canada.
d) make Western European nations stronger than nations under Soviet control.
3. Which of the following nations was a member of the Warsaw Pact?
a) China b) Yugoslavia c) Monaco d) Poland
4. Communist leader ____ initiated the "Prague Spring" with a series of reforms in Czechoslovakia in 1968.
a) Joseph Stalin c) Wladyslaw Gomulka
b) Nikita Khrushchev d) Alexander Dubcek
5. The Warsaw Pact sought to
a) provide economic assistance to Polish Jews after World War II.
b) prevent Soviet expansion into Poland and Denmark.
c) create a military alliance between the Soviet Union and various Eastern European nations.
d) create a plan for the reduction of nuclear weapons in Europe.
6. The Berlin Wall was built in order to
a)stop the flow of supplies from West Germany to West Berlin.
b) prevent food from entering Poland.
c) prevent the smuggling of arms to anti-Soviet forces.
d) prevent East Germans from defecting to West Germany.
7. Which Communist nation remained independent of Soviet control?
a)Greece
b) Yugoslavia
c) Romania
d) Hungary
8. Which nation experienced an "economic miracle" after World War II?
restructuring. b) relief.c)conquest. d) expansion.
17. Margaret Thatcher resigned after her plan to ____ was rejected.
a) replace local property taxes with a national flat-rate tax
b) resolve conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in Scotland
c) reduce the power of British labor unions
d) reduce unemployment rates in the northern industrial cities