Papers

Journal Papers:

1. Kausik Lakkaraju, Biplav Srivastava, Marco Valtorta, Rating Sentiment Analysis Systems for Bias Through a Causal Lens, IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society, doi: 10.1109/TTS.2024.3375519, 2024.  On Arxiv at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.02038 [AI;Bias;Causality;Rating;Sentiment Analysis Systems;User Trust, IF=5.2]

2. Surjodeep Sarkar, Manas Gaur, Lujie Karen Chen, Muskan Garg, Biplav Srivastava, A Review of the Explainability and Safety of Conversational Agents for Mental Health to Identify Avenues for Improvement, Front. Artif. Intell. 6:1229805. doi: 10.3389/frai.2023.1229805, 2023 [Mental Health, Chatbot Survey, IF=4]

3. Biplav Srivastava, Kausik Lakkaraju, Mariana Bernagozzi, Marco Valtorta, Advances in Automatically Rating the Trustworthiness of Text Processing Services, AI Ethics (Springer Nature),  https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-023-00391-5, 2023; also in AAAI Spring Symposium on AI Trustworthiness Assessment, San Francisco, 2023. [AI Rating, Trust, IF=2]

4. Biplav Srivastava, Did Chatbots Miss Their 'Apollo Moment'? A Survey of the Potential, Gaps and Lessons from Using Collaboration Assistants During COVID-19, Cell PATTERNS, Aug 2021. (Preprint on Arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.05561, March 2021) [Chatbots, COVID]

5. Mariana Bernagozzi, Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi, Sheema Usmani, Gender Bias in Online Language Translators: Visualization, Human Perception, and Bias/Accuracy Tradeoffs. IEEE Internet Comput. 25(5): 53-63 (2021) [AI, Trust Rating, Survey, IF=4.2]

6. Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi, Sheema Usmani, Mariana Bernagozzi, Personalized Chatbot Trustworthiness Ratings, IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society, 2020. Pre-print on Arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.10067 [Chatbot, Trust Rating, Ethics, IF=5.2]

7. Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi, Rating AI Systems for Bias to Promote Trustable Applications, IBM Journal of Research and Development, 2019. [AI Service Rating, Ethics]

8. Generating Diverse Plans to Handle Unknown and Partially Known User Preferences , Tuan Anh Nguyen, Minh Dob, Alfonso Emilio Gerevinic, Ivan Serina,Biplav Srivastava, Subbarao Kambhampati, Artificial Intelligence, Volume 190, October 2012, Pages 1–31.[Area:Planning]

9. Synthy: A System for End to End Composition of Web Services, V. Agarwal, G. Chafle, K. Dasgupta, N. Karnik, A. Kumar, S. Mittal, B. Srivastava, Journal of Web Semantics, Vol. 3, Issue 4, 2005.[Area:Web Services]

10. Enhancing a Biomedical Information Extraction System with Dictionary Mining and Context Disambiguation (with S. Mukherjea, L.V. Subramaniam, G. Chanda, S. Sankararaman, R. Kothari, V.S. Batra, D. Bhardwaj), IBM Journal of Research & Development, 2004, Volume 48, Number 5/6.[Area:Bioinformatics]

11. Genome Bioinformatics: Advancing Biotechnology Through Information Technology - Part I: Molecular Biology Databases (with S. Adak), Indian Journal of Biotechnology, Vol 1, January 2002, pp 101-116[Area:Bioinformatics]

12. Planning the Project Management Way: Efficient Planning by Effective Integration of Causal and Resource Reasoning in RealPlan (with S. Kambhampati and M. Do), Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 131 (1-2) (2001) pp. 73-134.[Area:Planning]

13. Synthesizing Customized Planners from Specifications (with S. Kambhampati), Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, Vol. 8, pg 93-128, 1998.[Area:Planning]

14. Unifying Classical Planning Approaches (with S. Kambhampati), ASU CSE Technical Report 96-006(59pages), Aug 1996[Area:Planning]

Edited Articles, Book Chapters, Editorials:

1. Bihu Suchetana, Biplav Srivastava, Hari Prabhat Gupta, and Manabendra Saharia. 2023. Promoting Sustainable Water Usage and Management With Water Data, AI and Policy . In 6th Joint International Conference on Data Science & Management of Data (10th ACM IKDD CODS and 28th COMAD) (CODS-COMAD 2023), January 4–7, 2023, Mumbai, India. [Water Tutorial]

2. Nadin Kökciyan, Biplav Srivastava, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh, Sociotechnical Perspectives on AI Ethics and Accountability. IEEE Internet Comput. 25(6): 5-6 (2021) [AI, Ethics, IF=4.2]

3. A Sheth, B Srivastava, F Michahelles, IoT-Enhanced Human Experience, IEEE Internet Computing, 4-7, 2018 [IoT-AI, IF=4.2].

4. Linked Data Glossary, Bernadette Hyland, Ghislain Atemezing, Michael Pendleton, Biplav Srivastava (eds), At http://www.w3.org/TR/ld-glossary/ (2013) [Area: Semantic Web]

5. Kalapriya Kannan, Biplav Srivastava, Design Diagrams as Ontological Sources: Ontology Extraction and Utilization for Software Asset Reuse, In The Semantic Web for Knowledge and Data Management: Technologies and Practices, ISBN: 978-1-60566-028-8, August 2008[Area:Semantic Web-Ontology]

Conference Papers, Published Articles:

1. Vishal Pallagani, Kaushik Roy, Bharath Muppasani, Francesco Fabiano, Andrea Loreggia, Keerthiram Murugesan, Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi, Lior Horesh, Amit Sheth. On the Prospects of Incorporating Large Language Models (LLMs) in Automated Planning and Scheduling (APS). International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS), On Arxiv at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.02500, 2024. [LLM, Planning]

2. Siva Likitha Valluru, Sai Teja Paladi, Siwen Yan, Biplav Srivastava, Sriraam Natarajan,  Promoting Research Collaboration with Open Data Driven Team Recommendation in Response to Call for Proposals, Proc. Thirty-Sixth Annual Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI/IAAI-24), Preprint on Arxiv at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.09404, 2024 [Innovative Deployed AI Award, Team recommendation]

3. Kausik Lakkaraju, Sara Rae Jones, Sai Krishna Revanth Vuruma, Vishal Pallagani, Bharath C Muppasani and Biplav Srivastava, LLMs for Financial Advisement: A Fairness and Efficacy Study in Personal Decision Making, 4th ACM International Conference on AI in Finance: ICAIF'23, New York, 2023. [LLM Chatbot, Finance]

4. Bharath Muppasani, Vishal Pallagani, Kausik Lakkaraju, Shuge Lei, Biplav Srivastava, Brett Robertson, Andrea Hickerson, Vignesh Narayanan, On Safe and Usable Chatbots for Promoting Voter Participation, AI Magazine, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aaai.12109, 2023[Chatbot, Voter Engagement, IF=6.1]

5. Bharath Muppasani, Cheyyur Jaya Anand, Chinmayi Appajigowda, Biplav Srivastava, Lokesh Johri, A Dataset and Baseline Approach for Identifying Usage States from Non-Intrusive Power Sensing With MiDAS IoT-based Sensors, Proc. Thirty-Fifth Annual Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI/IAAI-23), Preprint on Arxiv at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.00987, 2023 [Power data, machine learning]

6. Andrea Loreggia, Nicholas Mattei, Taher Rahgooy, Francesca Rossi, Biplav Srivastava and Kristen Brent Venable, Making Human-Like Moral Decisions, AIES 2022. [Neuro-Symbolic AI, Metacognition, Fast Slow AI]

7. Vignesh Narayanan, Brett W. Robertson, Andrea Hickerson, Biplav Srivastava and Bryant W. Smith, Securing social media for seniors from information attacks: Modeling, detecting, intervening, and communicating risks, The Third IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Machine Intelligence (IEEE CogMI), 2021. [Cyberspace, Seniors]  

8. Yufeng Huang, Mariana Bernagozzi, Michelle Morales, Sheema Usmani, Biplav Srivastava, Michelle Mullins, Clarity 2.0: Improved Assessment of Product Competitiveness from Online Content. AI Mag. 42(2): 59-70 (2021) [NLP, Market Intelligence].

9. Grady Booch, Francesco Fabiano, Lior Horesh, Kiran Kate, Jon Lenchner, Nick Linck, Andrea Loreggia, Keerthiram Murugesan, Nicholas Mattei, Francesca Rossi, Biplav Srivastava, Thinking Fast and Slow in AI, AAAI 2021. Preprint on Arxiv at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.06002 [Neuro-Symbolic AI]

10. Mariana Bernagozzi, Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi and Sheema Usmani, Gender Bias in Online Language Translators: Visualization, Human Perception, and Bias/Accuracy Trade-offs, IEEE Internet Computing, Special Issue on Sociotechnical Perspectives, Nov/Dec 2021  [Visualizing Ethics Rating, User Survey]

11. Forest Agostinelli, Mihir Mavalankar, Vedant Khandelwal, Hengtao Tang, Dezhi Wu, Barnett Berry, Biplav Srivastava, Amit P. Sheth, Matthew Irvin, Designing Children's New Learning Partner: Collaborative Artificial Intelligence for Learning to Solve the Rubik's Cube. IDC 2021: 610-614 

12. M. Gaur, K. Roy, A. Sharma, B. Srivastava & A. Sheth (2021). ``Who can help me?'': Knowledge infused matching of support seekers and support providers during COVID-19 on Reddit. IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics, 2021. [Health, Data Analysis]

13. Clarity: Data-driven Automatic Assessment of Product Competitiveness, Sheema Usmani, Mariana Bernagozzi, Yufeng Huang, Michelle Morales, Amir Sabet Sarvestani and Biplav Srivastava, Thirty-Second Annual Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (IAAI-20/AAAI-20), New York, NY, USA, Feb 7-12, 2020. [Deployed AI Award, NLP, Market Intelligence].

14. Jeffrey O. Kephart, Victor C. Dibia, Jason Ellis, Biplav Srivastava, Kartik Talamadupula, Mishal Dholakia, An Embodied Cognitive Assistant for Visualizing and Analyzing Exoplanet Data, IEEE Internet Computing Journal (Special Issue on Cognitive Services and Intelligent Chatbots), March 2019.  [AI-Chatbots, Astronomy]

15. Ravi Kiran Raman, Sekou Remy, Nelson Bore, Michael Hind, Roman Vaculin, Kush Varshney, Eleftheria Pissadaki, Biplav Srivastava, A Scalable Blockchain Approach for Trusted Computation and Verifiable Simulation in Multi-Party Collaborations, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC 2019) [Blockchain, Machine learning]

16. NK Bore, RK Raman, IM Markus, SL Remy, O Bent, M Hind, E K Pissadaki, B Srivastava, R Vaculin, KR Varshney, K Weldemariam, Promoting Distributed Trust in Machine Learning and Computational Simulation, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC 2019) [Blockchain, Machine learning]

17. Tathagata Chakraborti, Kshitij P. Fadnis, Kartik Talamadupula, Mishal Dholakia, Biplav Srivastava, Jeffrey O. Kephart, Rachel K. E. Bellamy, Planning and visualization for a smart meeting room assistant1: A case study in the Cognitive Environments Laboratory at IBM T.J. Waston Research Center, Yorktown, AI Communications, 1-9, 2019 [Smart room, Planning, Visualization]

18. P Lohia, K Kannan, B Srivastava, S Mehta, Design diagrams as ontological source, Proceedings of the 27th ACM Joint Meeting on European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE), 2019 [Ontology Learning]

19. Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi, Towards Composable Bias Rating of AI Systems, 2018 AI Ethics and Society Conference (AIES 2018), New Orleans, Lousiana, USA, Feb 2-3, 2018. [AI Service Rating, Ethics]

20. Ramashish Gaurav,  Biplav Srivastava, Estimating Train Delays in a Large Rail Network Using a Zero Shot Markov Model, IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC 2018). On Arxiv at: https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.02825, June 2018 [Train delay, prediction]

21. Peveler, M.; Srivastava, B.; Talamadupula, K.; Govindarajulu, N. S.; Bringsjord, S.; and Su, H., Towards Cognitive-and-Immersive Systems: Experiments in a Shared (or common) Blockworld Framework, Advances in Cognitive Systems (ACS), 2018. [AI-IoT]

22. B Srivastava, M Chetlur, S Gupta, M Vasa, K Visweswariah, Effective Business Development for In-Market IT Innovations with Industry-Driven API Composition, Data Science Landscape, 165-181, 2018 [API-InnovationDevelopment].

23. Maja Vukovic, Jim Laredo, Vinod Muthusamy, Aleksander Slominski, Roman Vaculín, Wei Tan, Vijay K. Naik, Ignacio Silva-Lepe, Arun Kumar, Biplav Srivastava, Joel W. Branch:Riding and thriving on the API hype cycle. Commun. ACM 59(3): 35-37 (2016) [API Economy]

24. Biplav Srivastava, Madhavan Pallan, Mukundan Madhavan, Ravindranath Kokku:Case Studies in Managing Traffic in a Developing Country with Privacy-Preserving Simulation as a Service. SCC 2016: 766-773 [Traffic, simulation] 

25. Benjamin J. Ford, Matthew Brown, Amulya Yadav, Amandeep Singh, Arunesh Sinha, Biplav Srivastava, Christopher Kiekintveld, Milind Tambe, Protecting the NECTAR of the Ganga River Through Game-Theoretic Factory Inspections. PAAMS 2016: 97-108 [WaterInspection-GameTheory]. 

26. Sukanya Randhawa, Sandeep S Sandha and Biplav Srivastava, A multi-sensor process for in-situ monitoring of water pollution in rivers or lakes for high-resolution quantitative and qualitative water quality data, 14th IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC 2016), August 2016. [Water, Data Fusion]

27. Vishalaksh Aggarwal, Biplav Srivastava, Srikanth Tamilselvam, Towards a General Framework for Data Driven City Comparison, COMAD, Pune, India, March 2016. [Open Data, City Analytics]

28. Biplav Srivastava, Sandeep Singh Sandha, Vaskar Raychoudhury, Sukanya Randhawa, Viral Kapoor, Anmol Agrawal,An Open, Multi-Sensor, Dataset of Water Pollution of Ganga Basin and its Application to Understand Impact of Large Religious Gathering. CoRR abs/1612.05626 (2016) [Water, Open Data]

29. Mitesh Vasa, Ashok Jadatharan, Biplav Srivastava, Towards Risk-Aware Planning of Service Delivery Operations, Services Computing Conference (SCC 2015), New York, USA, 2015. [Service Risk-Planning]

30. SemEnAl: Using Semantics for Accelerating Environmental Analytical Model Discovery, Kalapriya Kannan, Biplav Srivastava, Rosario U.-Sosa, Robert J. Schloss, and Xiao Liu, Big Data Analytics (BDA 2014), New Delhi, India, Dec 20-23, 2014. [SemWeb-Envt Models]

31. An Automated System for City-Scale Travel Time Calculation, Suyesh R Tiwari, Vinod Bijlani, Biplav Srivastava, Pamela A Nesbitt, ITS World Congress, Detroit, USA, Sep 7-12, 2014. [Traffic- Time Estimation]

32. A General Approach to Exploit Available Traffic Data for a Smarter City, Biplav Srivastava, Raymond Rudy, Jane Xu, Brent Miller, Alberto Giacomel, Steven Wysmuller – IBM; Vineet Gupta, Nigel Jacob, Chris Osgood, Kevin Parker - City of Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Conor Gately, Lucy Hutyra - Boston University, USA, in 20th ITS World Congress 2013, Tokyo, Japan [Area: Transportation]

33. City Notifications as a Data Source for Traffic Management, Pramod Anantharam, Biplav Srivastava, in 20th ITS World Congress 2013, Tokyo, Japan [Area: Transportation]

34. Utility-driven Evolution Recommender for a Constrained Ontology, Pramod Anantharam, Biplav Srivastava, Amit Sheth. In 3rd International Conference on Web Intelligence, Mining and Semantics (WIMS'13), Madrid, Spain, June 12-14, 2013.[Ontology]

35. Collective Diffusion Over Networks: Models and Inference, Akshat Kumar, Dan Sheldon, Biplav Srivastava, Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI 2013), 2013. [Area: Machine Learning-Social Network]

36. Making Car Pooling Work – Myths and Where to Start, Biplav Srivastava, In 19th International Transportation System (ITS) Congress, Vienna, Austria, Oct 22-26, 2012. Earlier version as IBM Research Report RI 12014, March 2012. [Traffic-carpooling]

37. Making Public Transportation Schedule Information Consumable for Improved Decision Making, Raj Gupta, Biplav Srivastava, Srikanth Tamilselvam, In 15th International IEEE Annual Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC 2012), Anchorage, USA, Sep 16-19, 2012. [Area: Public Transportation-Commuter Recommendation]

38. A New Look at the Traffic Management Problem and Where to Start, Biplav Srivastava, In 18th International Transportation System (ITS) Congress, Orlando, USA, Oct 16-20, 2011. Earlier version as IBM Research Report RI10014, Nov 2010*. [Area: Transportation-Problem Formulation]

39. Sensor Subset Selection for Traffic Management (with Raj Gupta), To appear in 14th International IEEE Annual Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC 2011), Washington DC, USA, Oct 5-7, 2011. [Area: Transportation-Sensing]

40. A Business Content Explorer for Intelligent Traffic Projects (with Sumana Bhat, Karen Brown, Ankur Jain, Bipin Joshi, Srikanth Tamilselvam, Terrence White), To appear in 14th International IEEE Annual Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC 2011), Washington DC, USA, Oct 5-7, 2011. [Area: Transportation-Content Management]

41. Business Driven Consolidation of SOA Implementations (with Pietro Mazzoleni), In IEEE Services Computing Conference (SCC 2010), Miami, FL, USA, 5-10 July 2010.[Area:Business Consolidation-SOA]

42. AHA : Asset Harvester Assistant (with Debdoot Mukherjee, Senthil Mani, Vibha Sinha, Rema Ananthanarayanan, Pankaj Dhoolia, Prahlad Chowdhury), Industrial Track paper in IEEE Services Computing Conference (SCC 2010), Miami, FL, USA, 5-10 July 2010.[Area:Content Harvesting-Services]

43. An APQC-PCF based framework to compare service offerings in business transformation projects (with Pietro Mazzoleni), In ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC 2010), Sierre, Switzerland, 22-26 March 2010.[Area:BusinessProcess-OfferingsComparison]

44. Organizing Documented Processes (with Debdoot Mukherjee), In IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2009), Bangalore, India, September 21-25, 2009.[Area:BusinessProcess-TextFlowAnalyses]

45. Planning with Partial Preference Models (with Tuan Nguyen, Minh B. Do, Subbarao Kambhampati), In Twenty-first International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-09) ,Pasadena, California, July 11-17, 2009.[Area:Planning]

46. A Framework for Streamlining Globally Integrated Services, In Fifth IEEE International Conference on Service Operations, Logistics and Informatics (SOLI 2009), Chicago, July 22-24, 2009.[Area:Services-Optimization]

47. Business Driven SOA Customization (with Pietro Mazzoleni), In 6th International Conference on Service Oriented Computing (ICSOC 2008), December 1-5, 2008, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia.[Area:Business Process-SOA-Customization-SAP]

48. Towards Effective Project Management across Multiple Projects with Distributed Performing Centers (with Rohit Lotlikar, Ramana Polavarapu, Sadhika Sharma), In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2008), July 8-11, 2008, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.[Area:Services-Project Management]

49. Promoting Reuse via Extraction of Domain Concepts and Service Abstractions from Design Diagrams (with Kalapriya Kannan), In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2008), July 8-11, 2008, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.[Area:Semantic Web-Ontology]

50. Variation-Oriented Engineering (VOE): Enhancing Reusability of SOA-based Solutions (with Narendra C Nanjangud, Karthikeyan Ponnalagu, Guruduth Banavar), In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2008), July 8-11, 2008, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.[Area:Services-Software Engineering]

51. Understanding Approaches for Web Service Composition and Execution (with V. Agarwal, G. Chafle, S. Mittal), In ACM Compute 2008, Bangalore, India. Also available as IBM Research Report RI 07005, July 2007*.[Area:Web Services-Composition-Execution]

52. Enhancing Asset Search and Retrieval in a Services Repository using Consumption Contexts (with K. Ponnalagu, N. C. Narendra, K. Kannan), Industrial Track paper in the Proceedings of the IEEE Services Computing Conference (SCC 2007), Salt Lake City, USA.[Area:Software Asset Search]

53. An Integrated Development Environment for Web Service Composition (with G. Chafle, G. Das, K. Dasgupta, A. Kumar, S. Mittal, S. Mukherjea), Industrial Track paper in the Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2007), Salt Lake City, USA. Also, in IBM Research Report RI 06009, November 2006*[Area:Web Services]

54. Improved Adaptation of Web Service Compositions Using Value of Changed Information (with G. Chafle, P. Doshi, J. Harney, S. Mittal), Industrial Track paper in the Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2007), Salt Lake City, USA.[Area:Web Services]

55. Domain Independent Approaches for Finding Diverse Plans (with S. Kambhampati, T. Nguyen, M. Do, A. Gerevini, I. Serina.), Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2007), Hyderabad, India.[Area:Planning]

56. Adaptation in Web Services Composition and Execution (with G. Chafle, K. Dasgupta, A. Kumar, S. Mittal), Industrial Track paper in the Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2006), Chicago, USA.[Area:Web Services]

57. SEMAPLAN: Combining Planning with Semantic Matching to Achieve Web Service Composition , (with R. Akkiraju, A. Ivan, R. Goodwin, T. Mahmood), In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2006), Chicago, USA.[Area:Web Services]

58. The Synthy Approach for End to End Web Services Composition: Planning with Decoupled Causal and Resource Reasoning, NECTAR paper in Proceedings of the 21st National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-06), Boston, USA .[Area:Web Services-Planning]

59. Information Modeling for End to End Composition of Web Services (with A. Kumar and S. Mittal), Proceedings of the 4th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2005), Galway, Ireland. Also as IBM Research Report RI 05001, Feb 2005*.[Area:SematicWeb-Representation]

60. Domain-Dependent Parameter Selection of Search-based Algorithms Compatible with User Performance Criteria (with A. Mediratta), Proceedings of the 20th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-05), Pittsburgh, USA[Area:Learning-AutoConfiguration]

61. Managing the Life Cycle of Plans (with J. Vanhatalo and J. Koehler), Proceedings of the 17th Annual Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (IAAI-05), Pittsburgh, USA[Area:Planning]

62. A Service Creation Environment based on End to End Composition of Web Services (with V. Agarwal, K. Dasgupta, N. Karnik, A. Kumar, A. Kundu, S. Mittal), Proceedings of the 14th. WWW Conference (WWW 2005), Japan[Area: Web Services-Planning]

63. Bringing Planning to Business Applications with ABLE (with J. P. Bigus, D. A. Schlosnagle), In Proc. International Conference on Autonomic Computing (ICAC 2004), New York, USA, May 17-18, 2004. [Area: Autonomic Computing-Planning]

64. A Software Framework to Apply Planning Techniques , In Proceedings of Knowledge Based Computer System (KBCS-2004), Hyderabad,pages 382 to 392, 2004, ISBN 81-7764-711-3. Also as IBM Research Report RI 04001, March 2004*. [Area: Software Engg-Planning]

65. A Decision-support Framework for Component Reuse and Maintenance in Software Project Management , In IEEE 8th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering (CSMR 2004), Tampere, Finland, March 24-26, 2004. [Area: Software Engg-Planning]

66. Information Extraction from Biomedical Literature: Methodology, Evaluation and an Application , (with L.V. Subramaniam, S. Mukherjea, P. Kankar, V.S. Batra, P.V. Kamesam, R. Kothari), In Proc. CIKM 2003, New Orleans, La, USA, 2003.[Area: Bioinformatics]

67. Series of Dynamic Targeted Recommendations , (with N. Modani, P. Mittal, A. Nanavati), In Proc. EC-Web, Aix-en-Provence, France, 2002. [Area: E-commerce]

68. Automatic Web Services Composition Using Planning , In Proceedings of Knowledge Based Computer System (KBCS), Mumbai, pages 467 to 477, 2002, ISBN 81-259-1428-5. [Area: Web Services-Planning]

69. RealPlan: Decoupling Causal and Resource Reasoning in Planning , In 17th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-00). August 2000. [Area: Planning]

70. Scaling up Planning by teasing out Resource Scheduling , (with S. Kambhampati), In European Conference of Planning (ECP-99). Sep 1999. [Area: Planning]

71. Planning Through Separate Resource Scheduling , (with S. Kambhampati), In AAAI Spring Symp on Search Strategy under Uncertain and Incomplete Information. Mar 1999. [Area: Planning]

72. Hybrid planning for partially hierarchical domains , (with S. Kambhampati and A. Mali), In Proc. AAAI-98. July 1998. [Area: Planning]

73. A Structured Approach for Synthesizing Planners from Specifications , (with S. Kambhampati and A. Mali), In Proc. 12th IEEE Intl. Conf. on Automated Software Engineering, 1997, Lake Tahoe. Nov 1997 [Area: Planning]

74. A Candidate Set based analysis of subgoal interactions in conjunctive goal planning , (with S. Kambhampati and L. Ihrig), In Proc. 3rd Intl. Conf. on AI Planning Systems, May 1996 [Area: Planning]

75. Universal Classical Planning: An algorithm for unifying state-space and plan-space planning , (with S. Kambhampati), In Proc. 3rd European Planning Workshop (EWSP-95). ASU CSE TR 94-002; January 1995. [Area: Planning]

Short Conference Papers and Abstract Papers

1. Biplav Srivastava, Regulation Intelligence Water (RIW ): AI for Promoting Better Understanding of Water’s Regulatory Context for Informed Decision Making, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, USA, 2023 [Water, AI/NLP]

2. Bihu Suchetana, Vaishnavi Anand, Khushi Porwal and Biplav Srivastava, Understanding and Working With Large Language Models (LLMs) for Water Decision Support in India, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, USA, 2023 [Water, AI]

3. Vignesh Narayanan, Bharath Muppasani, Sai Teja Paladi, Biplav Srivastava, Michael Huhns, Modeling and Steering Multi-Dimensional Opinion Networks with Aggregated Measurements, 2023 SIAM Conference on Dynamical Systems, May 2023. [Information spread, Dynamical Systems]

4. Yunfeng Zhang, Vera Liao, Biplav Srivastava, Towards an optimal dialog strategy for information retrieval using both open-ended and close-ended questions, Proc. Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI 2018, Tokyo, Japan, March 2018 [Dialog Strategy].

5. Towards a Sustainable Services Ecosystem for Traffic Management (with Tran Viet Huan, Wei Xiong Shang, Ullas Nambiar, Vivek Tyagi, Shivkumar Kalyanaraman), To appear in Service Research and Innovation Institute (SRII) Global Conference (SRII 2011), San Jose, USA, March 30 - April 2, 2011. [Area:Traffic management-Services]

6. Processes Summarization In ACM International Conference on Management of Data (COMAD 2010), Nagpur, India, 8-10 December 2010. Also IBM Research Report RI 10008 , July 2010*.[Area:BusinessProcess-Summarization]

7. Model Extraction to Model-based Reuse of Enterprise Documents (with Debdoot Mukherjee, Rema Ananthanarayanan and Vibha Sinha), In ACM International Conference on Management of Data (COMAD 2010), Nagpur, India, 8-10 December 2010.[Area:Content Harveting-Model extraction]

8. Business Insight from Collection of Unstructured Formatted Documents with IBM Content Harvester (with Yuan-chi Chang), In ACM International Conference on Management of Data (COMAD 2009), Mysore, India, 9-12 December 2009. Also IBM Research Report RI 10008 , July 2010*.[Area:BusinessProcess-DocHarvesting]

9. AutoSeek: A Method to Identify Candidate Automation Steps in a Service Delivery Process, In 10th IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2007), May 2007, Munich, Germany. Long version in IBM Research Report RI 06008, September 2006*. [Area: Policies-Services Delivery]

10. Applying Planning in Composition of Web Services with a User-Driven Contingent Planner, (with A. Mediratta), Accepted as short/ work-in-progress paper at ICWS 2006, Chicago, USA. We DECLINED. Available as IBM Research Report RI 06002, February 2006*. [Area: Planning-Web Services]

11. SEMAPLAN: Combining Planning with Semantic Matching to Achieve Web Service Composition , (with R. Akkiraju, A. Ivan, R. Goodwin, T. Mahmood), In Proc. International Conference on Automated Planning & Scheduling (ICAPS 2006), The Lake District, UK, 2006. [Area: Web Services-Planning]

12. Challenges in Adapting Automated Planning for Autonomic Computing , (with S. Kambhampati), In Proc. International Conference on Automated Planning & Scheduling (ICAPS 2005), Monterey, USA, 2005. [Area: Planning-Autonomic Computing]

13. The Case for Automated Planning in Autonomic Computing , (with S. Kambhampati), In Proc. 2nd IEEE Conference of Autonomic Computing (ICAC 2005), Seattle, USA, 2005. [Area: Autonomic Computing-Planning]

14. A System for Knowledge Management in Bioinformatics , (with S. Adak, V. Batra, D. Bhardwaj, P. Kamesam, P. Kankar, M. Kurhekar), In Proc. CIKM 2002, McLean, Va, USA, 2002. [Area: Bioinformatics]

15. Investigating the Effect of Relevance and Reachability Constraints on SAT Encodings of Planning , (with M.B. Do and S. Kambhampati), In Proc. AIPS-00. April 2000. [Area: Planning]

16. Investigating the Effect of Relevance and Reachability Constraints on SAT Encodings of Planning , In Proc. AAAI-99. July 1999. [Area: Planning]

17. Blocking as a middle-ground for step-order Commitments in Planning , In Proc. AAAI 96, Aug 1996. [Area: Planning]

18. Boosting Website Reliability by Mining Patterns from User Transactions , In 12th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE) 2001, Hong Kong. [Area: Data Mining-E commerce]

Workshop and Demo Paper

1. Siva Likitha Valluru, Michael Widener, Biplav Srivastava and Sugata Gangopadhyay, ULTRA: Exploring Team Recommendations in Two Geographies Using Open Data in Response to Call for Proposals, Proc. CODS-COMAD, 2024 [Demo, Team recommendation]

2. Plansformer Tool: Demonstrating Generation of Symbolic Plans using Transformers, Vishal Pallagani, Bharath Muppasani, Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi, Lior Horesh, Keerthiram Murugesan, Andrea Loreggia, Francesco Fabiano, Rony Joseph, Yathin Kethepalli, International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) Demo Track, 2023. [LLM/NLP, Planning]

3. Kausik Lakkaraju, Thahimum Hassan, Vedant Khandelwal, Prathamjeet Singh, Cassidy Bradley, Ronak Shah, Forest Agostinelli, Biplav Srivastava and Dezhi Wu, ALLURE: A Multi-modal Guided Environment for Helping Children Learn to Solve a Rubik's Cube with Automatic Solving and Interactive Explanations, AAAI 2022 [AI & Games, Demonstration paper]

4. Vishal Pallagani and Biplav Srivastava, A Generic Dialog Agent for Information Retrieval Based on Automated Planning Within a Reinforcement Learning Platform, Workshop on Bridging the Gap Between AI Planning and Reinforcement Learning (PRL), International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS), 2021 [Planning/RL, Dialog]

5. Francesco Fabiano, Biplav Srivastava, Jonathan Lenchner, Lior Horesh, Francesca Rossi, Marianna Bergamaschi Ganapini, E-PDDL: A Standardized Way of Defining Epistemic Planning Problems. CoRR abs/2107.08739 (2021) [Planning, Representation]

6. Forest Agostinelli, Stephen McAleer, Alexander Shmakov, Roy Fox, Marco Valtorta, Biplav Srivastava and Pierre Baldi, Obtaining Approximately Admissible Heuristic Functions through Deep Reinforcement Learning and A* Search, Workshop on Bridging the Gap Between AI Planning and Reinforcement Learning (PRL), International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS), 2021 [Planning/RL, Heuristics]

7. Pratyush Kumar Sahoo, Nidhi Malhotra, Shirley Sanjay Kokane, Biplav Srivastava, Harsh Narayan Tiwari and Sushant Sawant, Utilizing Predictive Analysis to Aid Emergency Medical Services, 5th International Workshop on Health Intelligence (W3PHIAI-21) at AAI 2021. [Health, Data Analysis]

8. Mariana Bernagozzi, Biplav Srivastava, Francesca Rossi and Sheema Usmani, VEGA: a Virtual Environment for Exploring Gender Bias vs. Accuracy Trade-offs in AI Translation Services, AAAI 2021. [Visualizing Ethics Rating, Demonstration paper]

9. Biplav Srivastava, Javid Huseynov, Managing Risks to Assets in Corporate Finance with NLP and Planning, 30th International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS) 2020 Workshop on AI Planning for Financial Services (FinPlan). [Finance, NLP, Planning]

10. Sparsh Johri, Kartikaya Srivastava, Chinmayi Appajigowda, Lokesh Johri and Biplav Srivastava, A Nation-Wide Tool To Understand Impact of COVID19 Related Mask Policies Using Robust Synthetic Control, On ResearchGate at: https://tinyurl.com/y4qarglw [Machine Learning, Health]

11. Biplav Srivastava, Sandeep Sandha, Vaskar Raychoudhury, Sukanya Randhawa, Viral Kapoor, Anmol Agrawal, Building an Open, Multi-Sensor, Dataset of Water Pollution of Ganga Basin and its Application to Understand Impact of Large Religious Gathering, PerCom Workshops 2020: 1-6. Earlier version on Arxiv at: http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.05626. [Water, Open Data]

12. Sheema Usmani, Mariana Bernagozzi, Yufeng Huang, Michelle Morales, Amir Sabet Sarvestani and Biplav Srivastava, Data-driven ranking and visualization of products by competitiveness, at Proc. 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-20), New York, NY, USA, Feb 7-12, 2020. [Demonstration, NLP, Market Intelligence]

13. Bryant Chen, Wilka Carvalho, Nathalie Baracaldo, Heiko Ludwig, Benjamin Edwards, Taesung Lee, Ian Molloy, Biplav Srivastava, Detecting Backdoor Attacks on Deep Neural Networks by Activation Clustering, Artificial Intelligence Safety Workshop (SafeAI) at AAAI-2019, Honolulu, USA, Jan 2019. Recognized as Best Paper at SafeAI 2019 Workshop.  [AI-NN, Safety]

14. Avijit Thawani, Biplav Srivastava and Anil Singh, Word Association task for Intrinsic Evaluation of Word Embeddings, Workshop on Evaluating Vector Space Representations for Natural Language Processing (RepEval 2019) at 2019 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL), Minneapolis, USA, June 2019. Code at: https://github.com/avi-jit/SWOW-eval [NLP]

15. Jeffrey O. Kephart, Victor C. Dibia, Jason Ellis, Biplav Srivastava, Kartik Talamadupula, Mishal Dholakia, A Cognitive Assistant for Visualizing and Analyzing Exoplanets, at Proc. 32nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-18), New Orleans, Lousiana, USA, Feb 2-7, 2018. [Demonstration, Chatbot, Astronomy] **Awarded AAAI 2018 Best Demonstration Award **. Video - http://ibm.biz/tyson-demo

16. Jason Ellis, Biplav Srivastava, Rachel K. E. Bellamy, Andy Aaron, Water Advisor – A Data-Driven, Multi-Modal, Contextual Assistant to Help with Water Usage Decisions, at Proc. 32nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-18), New Orleans, Lousiana, USA, Feb 2-7, 2018. [Demonstration, Chatbot, Water].  Video -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4x44sxC3zA

17. Bringsjord, S.; Govindarajulu, N.; Sen, A.; Peveler, M.; Srivastava, B.; and Talamadupula, K., Tentacular Artificial Intelligence, and the Architecture Thereof, Introduced, IJCAI 2018 Workshop on Architectures and Evaluation for Generality, Autonomy and Progress in AI (AEGAP), Stockholm, 2018 [AI-IoT]

18. Visualizations for an Explainable Planning Agent, ICAPS 2018 Explainable AI Planning (XAIP) Workshop / ICAPS 2018 User Interfaces and Planning and Scheduling (UISP) Workshop

19. (Also appears in the ICAPS 2018 and IJCAI 2018 Systems Demonstrations Programs), ICAPS 2018 Best Demo Award Runner Up [Chatbot, Room]

20. Sandeep Sandha, Biplav Srivastava, Sukanya Randhawa, The GangaWatch Mobile App to Enable Usage of Water Data in Every Day Decisions Integrating Historical and Real-time Sensing Data, On Arxiv at: http://arxiv.org/abs/1701.08212, January 2017. [Demo paper, Water Analytics]

21. Madhavan Pallan, Biplav Srivastava, Automatically Augmenting Titles of Research Papers for Better Discovery. AAAI Workshop: Scholarly Big Data 2016 [Scholarly Data]

22. Srikanth Tamilselvam, Biplav Srivastava, Vishalaksh Aggarwal, Data-Based Promotion of Tourist Events with Minimal Operational Impact. IJCAI 2016: 4270-4271 [Open Data, Tourism]

23. Towards Timely Public Health Decisions to Tackle Seasonal Diseases with Open Government Data, V. Srivastava and B. Srivastava, Proceedings of AAAI International Workshop on the World Wide Web and Public Health Intelligence 2014 (W3PHI 2014), Quebec City, Canada, July 27, 2014. [Public Health-Open Data]

24. The D-SCRIBE Process for Building a Scalable Ontology, Robert Schloss, Rosario Uceda-Sosa, Biplav Srivastava, in Semantic Cities workshop held with Twenty-Seventh Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-14), Quebec City, Canada, July 28, 2014. [Describes D-SCRIBE process of building ontology]

25. Building Pattern with Open Web APIs in E-Governance, Biplav Srivastava, Jim Laredo, Shao Chun Li (Jery), Florian Pinel, Daniel Williams, Fang Quan Xie (Fred), Chih C Yuan (Paul), Blaine Dolph, in Semantic Cities workshop held with Twenty-Seventh Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-14), Quebec City, Canada, July 28, 2014. [Describes Patterns with Open 311 Data/ APIs]

26. Open Data on the Web: 3 Principles For Maximum Participation, John Cohn, Kelvin Lawrence, Susan Malaika, John Reinhardt, David Rook, Robert Schloss and Biplav Srivastava, at Open Data on the Web Workshop (ODW13), London, April 2013. [Open Data]

27. A Computational Model for Corruption Assessment, Nidhi Rajshree, Nirmit V. Desai and Biplav Srivastava, in Semantic Cities workshop held with Twenty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-13), Beijing, China, August 2013. [Presents a formal model for corruption and its usage.]

28. Open Government Data for Tackling Corruption – A Perspective, Nidhi Rajshree, Biplav Srivastava, in Semantic Cities workshop held with Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-12), Toronto, Ontario, Canada, July 23, 2012. [Describes feasibility of using open data for increased transparency.]

29. Building a Highly Consumable Semantic Model for Smarter Cities (with Rosario Uceda-Sosa, Robert Schloss), in AI for an Intelligent Planet (AIIP) workshop held with International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2011) conference, Barcelona, Spain, July 18, 2011.[Area: Ontology-SmarterCities]

30. Using Business Content Explorer for Smarter Traffic Projects (with Sumana Bhat, Karen Brown, Ankur Jain, Bipin Joshi, Srikanth Tamilselvam, Terrence White), in AI for an Intelligent Planet (AIIP) workshop held with International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2011) conference, Barcelona, Spain, July 18, 2011. [Area: Transportation-Knowledge Management]

31. On Using Crowd for Measuring Traffic at Aggregate Level for Emerging Countries(with Nikhil Bansal), in Information Integration on the Web (IIWeb) workshop held with World Wide Web (WWW 2011) conference, Hyderabad, India, March 28, 2011.[Area: Transportation-Sensing]

32. Challenges in Moving from Documents to Information Web for Services(with Rakesh Mohan, Pietro Mazzoleni, Richard Goodwin), Proc. IJCAI 2009 Workshop on Information Integration on the Web (IIWeb 2009), Pasadena, California, July 11, 2009[Area: Information Management]

33. Enabling Selective Automation of Human Decision-Making Using Rules as Preferences in a Service-industry Application , (with S. Yellamraju), In AAAI 2008 Multidisciplinary Workshop on Advances in Preference Handling, Chicago, USA, July 13-14, 2008. An earlier version was as IBM Research Report RI 08007, April 2008. [Area: Preferences-Service-Optimization]

34. Extending the Reach of a Legal System with AI Techniques, In IJCAI 2007 Workshop AI for ICT and Development, Hyderabad, India[Area: AI, Law, Policies]

35. Plan Analysis for Enabling Service Oriented Computing , In AAAI 2006 Workshop on AI-Driven Technologies for Services-Oriented Computing, Boston, USA[Area: Plan Analysis]

36. SEMAPLAN: Combining Planning with Semantic Matching to Achieve Web Service Composition (with R. Akkiraju, A. Ivan, R. Goodwin, T. Mahmood), In AAAI 2006 Intelligent Systems Demonstration, Boston, USA[Area: Web Services-Planning]

37. Finding Inter-related Plans, (with S. Kambhampati, M. H. Do and T. Nguyen), In ICAPS 2006 Workshop on Plan Analysis and Management, The Lake District, UK[Area: Plan Analysis]

38. Evaluating Planning based Approaches for End to End Composition and Execution of Web Services (with V. Agarwal, G. Chafle, K. Dasgupta, S. Mittal), In AAAI 2005 Workshop on Exploring Planning and Scheduling for Web Services, Grid and Autonomic Computing, Pittsburgh, USA[Area: Web Services-Planning]

39. Building Applications Using End to End Composition of Web Services (with V. Agarwal, G. Chafle, K. Dasgupta, N. Karnik, A. Kumar, A. Kundu, A. Mediratta, S. Mittal), In AAAI 2005 Intelligent Systems Demonstration, Pittsburgh, USA[Area: Web Services-Planning]

40. Planning with Workflows - An Emerging Paradigm for Web Services Composition , (with J. Koehler), In ICAPS 2004 Workshop on Planning and Scheduling for Grid and Web Services, Whistler, British Columbia, Canda, June 2004. [Area: Web Services-Planning]

41. The Need for Software Framework to Apply Planning Techniques , In ICAPS 2004 Workshop on Connecting Planning Theory with Practice, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada, June 2004. [Area: Software Engg-Planning]

42. Using ABLE to Bring Planning to Business Applications , (with J. P. Bigus, D. A. Schlosnagle), In ICAPS 2004 Software Demonstration, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada, June 2004. [Area: Autonomic Computing-Planning]

43. Web Service Composition - Current Solutions and Open Problems , (with J. Koehler), In ICAPS 2003 Workshop on Planning for Web Services, Pages 28 - 35, Trento, Italy, June 2003. [Area: Web Services-Planning]

44. A Limited Extension of PDDL for Planning with Non-primitive Actions , In ICAPS 2003 Workshop on Planning Competition, Trento, Italy, June 2003. [Area: Planning]

45. A Planning-based Decision-support Tool for Software Project Management , In ICAPS 2003 Software Demonstration, Trento, Italy, June 2003. [Area: Software Engg-Planning]

46. Using Planning for Query Decomposition in Bioinformatics , In Sixth Intl Conference on AI Planning & Scheduling (AIPS) 2002 Workshop on Real World Planning, Toulouse, France, 2002. [Area: Bioinformatics-Planning]

47. Temporal Constraints and the Physics v/s Advice Issue from a Practical Perspective , In Sixth Intl Conference on AI Planning & Scheduling (AIPS) 2002 Workshop on Temporal Planning, Toulouse, France, 2002. [Area: Planning]

48. Loosely Coupled Architecture for Integrating Planning and Scheduling Systems , (with M.B. Do and S. Kambhampati), In IJCAI-01 Workshop on Planning with Resources. August 2001. [Area: Planning]

Dissertation and Theses:

1. Efficient Planning by Effective Resource Reasoning , Advisor: S. Kambhampati, Ph.D Dissertation. Arizona State University. March 2000.

2. Using Refinement Search to Unify and Synthesize Classical Planners , Advisor: S. Kambhampati, M.S. thesis. Arizona State University. August 1996.

Technical Report and Miscellaneous:

1. Making Car Pooling Work – Myths and Where to Start, In IBM Research Report RI 12014, March 2012. [Clarifies incentives at play in car sharing and car pooling, and suggests focus on better social group formation for effective car pooling.]

2. An Efficient Method to Formulate, Solve and Reuse Resource Allocation Problems Using Semantic Models, (with Pranav Gupta), In IBM Research Report RI 12008, March 2012. [Proposes a general semantic model for resource allocation and demonstrates its usage.]

3. Lessons From Existing Business Process Hierarchies for Building a New One for Traffic, (with P. Mazzoleni, S. Tamilselvam), In IBM Research Report RI 11022, Oct 2011*. [Area: Traffic-Business Process]

4. Planning with Communicating Automata, (with J. Koehler), In IBM Research Report RI 08006, April 2008*. [Area: Planning]

5. Data Integration Approaches in Bioinformatics - A Tutorial Survey , In IBM Research Report RI 02018, April 2002*. [Area: Bioinformatics]

6. Bioinformatics for Microarrays , (with S. Adak, V. Batra, D. Bhardwaj, P. Kamesam, P. Kankar, M. Kurhekar), In IBM Research Report RI 02016, January 2002*. [Area: Bioinformatics]

7. A Common Data Representation for Organizing and Managing Annotations of Biochip Expression Data , (with S. Adak, P. Kankar, M. Kurhekar),In IBM Research Report RI 02017, January 2002*. [Area: Bioinformatics]

8. AltAlt: Combining Graphplan and Heuristic State Search , (with X. Long, Minh B. Do, U. Nambiar, X. Nie, R. Nigenda, T. Zimmerman and S. Kambhampati), In AI Magazine, 2001. Lead ASU team planning competition entry for AIPS 2000 at Fifth International Conference on AI Planning and Scheduling Systems (AIPS-2000) , Breckenridge, CO, 2000. [Area: Planning]*Note: All IBM

Research Reports are available at http://domino.watson.ibm.com/library/CyberDig.nsf/Home