11.11.2009 - BIRS: Noise, Time Delay and Balance Control
Ian Loram vs Ramesh Balasubramaniam
- Passive versus active control of human balance
- Passive control
- passive joint meta-stabilization
- Pin-joint model is not good for getting things to stand up
- Joints conform during upright position.
- muscle activity in standing balance
- Muscles that appear to be on:
- Soleus
- Gastrocnemius
- Ilipsoas
- How much muscle activity is hidden from "sensing"?
- VO2 = 20 W delta between standing and lying, 200 W delta between walking and standing
- Muscles that appear to be on:
- short range joint stiffness
- Stiffness is high for small movements
- Stiffness is low for large movements
- control by intermittent activity
- information flow in passive muscles
- standing without passive mechanisms
- passive joint meta-stabilization
- Active control
- The organization of task-specific solutions
- PCA to determine dimensionality
- UCM to separate task relevant vs task irrelevant
- Does the cns understand physics?
- Intermittency and prediction - Do they exist?
- The organization of task-specific solutions
- Passive control
Manoj Srinivasan
- Optimal control can predict "forward leaning" based on asymmetric "muscles" doing co-contraction.
Jason Kutch
- Listening to actuators gives you information into how they act.
- Signal dependent noise gives you information from the endpoint source about the muscles producing the force.
- Spike-triggered averaging
- the average stimulus preceding a spike