Learning Target: I will be able to determine whether the Emancipation Proclamation, or the 13th Amendment resolved the issue of slavery.
Abolitionism
Womens Rights (Seneca Falls 1848)
Economic Reform (First Wave of Globalization) late 1800s
Second Great Awakening/Social Gospel/Adventism
Temperance
1. Conservatism:
This ideology, dominant in the early 19th century, aimed to preserve traditional social and political structures, often associated with monarchies and aristocracy.
The Congress of Vienna, after Napoleon's defeat, largely reflected conservative principles, seeking to restore pre-revolutionary order.
However, even within conservative circles, there was some recognition of the need for certain reforms to maintain stability.
2. Nationalism:
Fueled by the French Revolution's emphasis on popular sovereignty and self-determination, nationalism gained momentum.
It called for the unification of people sharing a common language, culture, and history, often leading to movements for independent nation-states.
Examples include the German and Italian unification movements, as well as independence movements in the Balkans.
3. Liberalism:
Liberals advocated for individual rights, constitutional government, and limited state intervention in the economy.
They supported representative government, free trade, and freedom of speech and religion.
Liberal ideas influenced the revolutions of 1820, 1830, and 1848, as well as social reforms throughout the century.
4. Socialism:
Emerging in response to the social and economic inequalities of the Industrial Revolution, socialism sought to address issues like poverty, exploitation, and class conflict.
Different socialist currents developed, including utopian socialism, Marxism, and anarchism, each with its own vision of a more just society.
Socialist movements pushed for reforms like improved working conditions, fair wages, and social welfare programs.