Pollinator Bus Stop
Introduction
The main portion of this website is the Pollinator Podcast. There are 4 episodes, each describing a specific part of the project. We recommend listening to each episode as you travel our website and take a look at the pictures and information that go along with each episode. Hope you enjoy :)
The link on the right is a link to the whole podcast in one place. You can play it all back to back or indvidually click each episode embeded throughout the website.
Episode 1: The Birds and the Bees...and Butterflies?
Key Points:
The components of a Pollinator Habitat include:
Nectar producing flowers
Shelter/shelter providing plants for pollinators
NO pesticide use
Groups of similar flowers
Including flowers with different blooming periods
Why you should care about Pollinators:
Vital to creating and maintaining the habitats and ecosystems that many animals rely on for food
Over half the diet of fats and oils comes from crops pollinated by animals
They facilitate the reproduction of 90% of the world's flowering plants
They literally make the world beautiful and colorful
Meet the Pollinator People
Caitie
Caitie is a junior, majoring in Environmental and Sustainability Studies and getting a certificate in Environmental Remote Sensing along the way.
This semester was her first close experience with bees, but has always had an interest in them.
Kyle
Kyle is in his junior year at Grand Valley, majoring in Environmental and Sustainability studies.
This semester is his first hands on experience around honey bees.
Madi
Madisen is a senior, majoring in Sociology with a minor in ENS studies. After graduation, she hopes to continue her education with plans to pursue a career in Occupational therapy.
Growing up with a beekeeper in her family, she considers herself extremely lucky to have had plenty of hands on experience with honey bees.
Sierra
Sierra is a junior, majoring in Environmental Studies, with a focus on Sustainable Agriculture.
She has had a lot of experience with flowers, and is certifiably obssessed with plants.
This semester was her first experience with pollinators and before this semester, she used to be terrified by bees, but now they are by far her favorite insect.
Episode 2: Save it to Cherish or Leave it to Perish
Background Research
Pollinator Conservation
Conservation is defined as a careful preservation and protection of something.
The decline in pollinators is due to human activity.
The leading issues to pollinator loss are:
Pesticide use
Diseases
Habitat loss
Lack of nesting sites and/or egg laying opportunities
Introducing native wildflowers to areas near agricultural land increases:
The presence of pollinators
The productivity in honey production
Crop yield due to better pollination results
Pollinators are becoming more dependent on humans to create habitats for them.
How does our project aid in Pollinator Conservation?
The components of a Pollinator Habitat include:
Nectar producing flowers
shelter/shelter providing plants for pollinators
NO pesticide use
Groups of similar flowers
Each component of the pollinator habitat directly aids in the conservation of pollinators, by creating a habitat to combat habitat loss, and more.
Pollinator Diversity
The stability of Ecosystems are dependent on pollinator diversity.
Pollinators take care of 90% of the worlds flowering plants.
Some plants are completely dependent on animal pollination.
Diversity is the key to survival.
The same thing cannot kill everything, if there is one thing different
Pollinator diversity depends on the diversity of plants.
Increasing diversity of plants, increases the diversity of pollinators
Pollination productivity was most abundant when surrounded by diverse plants with different blooming seasons
How does our project aid in Pollinator Diversity?
We want to create 3 different habitats, that are designed to attract 3 different pollinators.
Habitat 1: Butterflies
Habitat 2: Bees
Habitat 3: Hummingbirds
Within these 3 different habitats, we will start with 3 different plants, that is a total of 9 different plants. Some of the plants are even attractive to the other pollinators as well.
There are also a lot of different species native to Michigan, that we hope to attract.
450 species of bees
52 species of butterflies
7 species of hummingbirds
Our habitat is designed to increase pollinator diversity.
Episode 3: Sowing the Seeds of Our Project
Stakeholders
Yumi Jacobcic
Job Title: Director of the Office of Sustainability Practices, Former GVSU Campus Sustainability Coordinator
How she can help: She was very involved in prioritizing student projects and efforts, and she said that is something she wants to carry over into her new role. She would also be one of the main people we would need support from, if the project was implemented.
Suggestions: She loves the idea of the Pollinator Habitat near the bus stop, but foresees some complications with upkeep after we graduate. She is also very enthusiastic about getting more students involved and educated about pollinators.
Professor Anne Marie Fauvel
Job Title: Teaches ENS 311, and is an expert in all things pollinator related
How she can help: Having her support and knowledge when implementing the project in reality will be a huge asset.
Suggestions: The pollinator habitat by the bus stop will be a difficult and long process if implemented, but it will leave a lasting impact on GVSU, well after we graduate. She also thinks it is a very exciting idea.
Professor Amy McFarland
Job Title: Teaches ENS 392, and is very knowledgeable in agricultural plants and plants in general.
How she can help: She is a part of the ENS community so having her support is needed if implementing our project, in addition her knowledge of plants can be helpful when deciding what plants to add to the habitat.
Suggestions: She actually gave us the suggestion for the location of the habitat (outside the library) as well as some suggestions for possible pollinator plants.
Gregory Goodwine Jr. (SEC)
Job Title: On the board of the SEC (Student Environment Coalition)
How they can help: The SEC is one of the many clubs at Grand Valley that can potentially help us implement and maintain this habitat. Clubs are still there after people graduate, so it is essential that we build relationships with them.
Suggestions: He was very enthusiastic about being involved in a project like this but he was worried about gaining the same enthusiasm from potential student volunteers.
Episode 4: Once in Flor-all
Our Plan
Brief Overview
Create a Pollinator Habitat by the Kirkhof Bus Stop
Follows a 4 year Implementation Timeline
Includes 3 pollinator habitats, targeting 3 types of pollinators (Hummingbirds, Bees, Butterflies)
Goal is to educate more students about pollinators and inspire them to feel passionate about pollinators
Budget
This budget is mainly just a vague calculation of a start-up cost. This includes if we would need to pay for mulch, or compost. This may be an unlikely cost because GV has access to a lot of compost.
It also includes structural elements like bird baths and bee baths, which are extra components that make pollinator habitats more attractive to pollinators, these don't have to be put in right away, they can always be donated at a later date.
The extra element of outdoor student seating can be added later as well, and does not need to be included in the start up cost, it's also possible the bench could be donated by someone who funded this project.
Lastly, the flower seeds are an average of prices found online, these prices could be more or less expensive depending on how many are needed and where they are bought from. This cost should not be too substantial because the land used for the plots is relatively small and all the plants are perennials, so they do not need to be planted year after year, unless necessary.
The variable and fixed costs are costs that can not be determined just yet, because the information is not readily available.
Timeline
This timeline was created to outline the steps that would need to be taken if this project is implemented.
Some of these steps could possibly be skipped depending on the soil fertility of the potential location.
Some steps may also take longer if, for example, it is more difficult to secure funding or the soil isn't recovering as quickly.
It is also possible that multiple habitats could be planted at once if GVSU is enthusiastic enough.
This timeline is a rough outline and will most likely change.
Key Features
Structure
Habitat 1~Butterflies
Total Area: 795.70 ft sq.
Plants: Purple Poppy Mallow, Black Eyed Susan, Butterfly Milkweed
Other: QR code posted on existing lamp post
Habitat 2~ Bees
Total Area: 527.35 ft sq.
Plants: Alliums, Lavender, Anise Hyssop
Other: include at least 2 bee baths, a QR code posted on the existing lamp post
Habitat 3~ Hummingbirds
Total Area: 848.51 ft sq.
Plants: The tree that is already planted there can stay (provides a nesting location for hummingbirds), Chilean Glory Flower, Delphinium, Foxglove
Other: Include at least 2 bird baths, a QR code on existing lamp post, possible need for a trellis of some kind for the chilean glory flower
Location
In between the Mary Idema Pew Library and the Kirkhof Bus Stop
There are already sidewalks zig zagging through the potential habitats, this will allow for a better interaction between the students and the habitats.
There is already heavy foot traffic in this area, from the bus stop, Kirkhof, and the library. This means more students will be exposed to the possible educational opportunity.
Close proximity to the library can mean creating an educational display inside the library to draw more students to the pollinator habitat.
Pollinator Plant Profiles
This is a list of the researched plants we want to include in each habitat.
Bee Habitat
Foxglove
Blooming Period: June to August
When to Seed: Late summer, germinates next spring
Soil Type: Prefers moist fertile soil
Upkeep: regular watering, some fertilization
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: attracts bumble bees and hummingbirds
Chilean Glory Flower
Blooming Period: June to October
When to seed: Early Spring
Soil Type: well drained fertile soil
Upkeep: minimal watering, some fertilizer needed, may need structural support, most likely will need to be reseeded each year
Native? Technically no, but it's non invasive
What it does for pollinators: attracts hummingbirds
Delphinium
Blooming Period: June to October
When to seed: Late Summer
Soil Type: prefer fertile, moist soil
Upkeep: may need structural support, weekly watering, some fertilization
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: Hummingbirds love it and is also a host plant for some butterflies, also attracts long tongue bees
Bird Habitat
Allium
Blooming Period: Spring to Fall, if a variety is used
When to Seed: Spring, when ground is dry
Soil Type: Sandy Soil
Upkeep: minimal watering, can use fertilizer, multiplies quickly and lasts for many years without replanting
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: Attract bees and butterflies
Lavender
Blooming Period: May to October
When to seed: Early Spring
Soil Type: well drained, moderately fertile
Upkeep: minimal watering , little fertilizer, can deadhead or harvest blooms, pruning stimulates new growth
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: attracts bees like a magnet, has both nectar and pollen to feed bees
Anise Hyssop
Blooming Period: July to October
When to Seed: Just before last frost
Soil Type: thrives in any soil, prefers well draining ones
Upkeep: trim in early spring for new growth, can endure minimal watering.
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: Very rich in pollen, and produces very sweet nectar. It is amazing for bees
Butterfly Habitat
Purple Poppy Mallow
Blooming Period: May to August
When to Seed: Early Spring, after first frost
Soil Type: Any, prefers dry soil
Upkeep: Deadhead if want to prolong flowering period, minimal watering, drought tolerant
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: larval host plant
Black Eyed Susan
Blooming Period: Bloom June to October
When to Seed: March to May
Soil Type: Any
Upkeep: minimal watering, very drought tolerant, thrives in a range of temperatures, may need to be resown every 2 years
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: Host plant for butterflies, attracts birds as well, especially in the Fall
Butterfly Milkweed
Blooming Period: June to August
When to Seed: In the Fall, germinates in the Spring
Soil Type: Loam or Sandy
Upkeep: minimal watering, drought tolerant, no fertilizer needed
Native? Yes
What it does for pollinators: Host plant for butterflies, attracts hummingbirds as well
*The butterfly bush is also a great plant for butterflies and it can grow up to 12 feet tall and span 15 feet. This may be a cool pollinator plant to add as a focal point of the habitat.
Impacts
Educational
Library display
Easy to scan QR codes in each habitat, so students can use their phones and learn more about the habitat.
Educational opportunities in terms of learning about the different species of pollinators and different species of plants all native to our very own Michigan.
We could also include a "how to create your own pollinator habitat/garden."
Inspirational
Replaces the boring green lawns with a rainbow paradise for pollinators.
Can become a place for students to visit, where they can be surrounded by beautiful flowers and unique animals.
The heavy foot traffic allows for more opportunities to inspire curiosity and excitement to learn about pollinators.
There are already some campuses around the world that have implemented projects like this. They are called Bee Campuses and Grand Valley could become one as well, especially since they already do a lot in terms of sustainability.
Referenced Sources
Blaauw, B. R., & Isaacs, R. (2014). Flower plantings increase wild bee abundance and the pollination services provided to a pollinationādependent crop. Journal of Applied Ecology, 51(4), 890-898.
https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1365-2664.12257
Levy, Sharon. The Pollinator Crisis: What's Best for Bees. 9 Nov. 2011, www.nature.com/articles/479164a.
Majewska, A. A., & Altizer, S. (2020). Planting gardens to support insect pollinators. Conservation Biology, 34(1), 15-25. https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cobi.13271
Tuell, J. K., Fiedler, A. K., Landis, D., & Isaacs, R. (2008). Visitation by wild and managed bees (hymenoptera: Apoidea) to eastern U.S. native plants for use in conservation programs. Environmental Entomology, 37(3), 707-718. doi:10.1603/0046-225X(2008)37[707:VBWAMB]2.0.CO;2 https://europepmc.org/article/med/18559176
Additional Sources
https://www.beecityusa.org/current-bee-campuses.html (list of current Bee campuses)
https://www.beecityusa.org/what-is-a-bee-campus.html (explains what a Bee Campus is)
https://jamboard.google.com/d/1khr4Ol-qxuNhr4rlxvNyZyavFQB70X7eIIU7RaBNGXc/edit?usp=sharing
https://news.umich.edu/gardening-to-attract-butterflies/
https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Neal_Smith/what_we_do/get_involved/pollinator_facts.aspx
https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/2015/08/06/9-things-you-didnt-know-about-pollinators/
Pollinator Playlist
This is the playlist of all the songs used in the podcast, if you have spotify just scan the picture with the spotify code and it will lead you to the playlist if you dont here is the list of songs:
The Birds and the Bees, Jewel Akens
Wake Up America, Miley Cyrus
Heal the World, Michael Jackson
Help!, The Beatles
Lean on Me, Bill Withers
Butterfly Fly Away, Miley Cyrus
Waiting on the World to Change, John Mayer