Photovoltaic systems allow us to source energy from the sun and avoid harmful emissions that would otherwise result from the use of carbon-based energy sources. In these systems, solar cells are used to capture solar energy, then by using an inverter, the direct current generated from the solar cells is converted into alternating current. The alternating current can then be used to power the motor for the well pump, which allows us to  draw water from the well below and use it above ground. 

• The start up costs for a photovoltaic water pumping system for a well can be fairly substantial, so this solution may no be the most cost efficient depending on the budget of the SAP. 

• Solar energy varies in availability in Michigan due to its geographic location, so the solar water pump may not be as dependable year-round. 

• Though the start up costs of photovoltaic systems can be larger than those of carbon powered pumps, research shows that they cost less through the duration of their use and require very minimal maintenance. 

• The ample growing season for the SAP, when water from the solar water pump would be most in demand, occurs when solar energy is the most abundant. 

• Photovoltaic systems do not produce carbon emissions, making them more environmentally friendly.