Physical Science

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.

SC.HS.1 Forces and Interactions 

SC.HS.1.1 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions. 

SC.HS.1.1.a Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s Second Law of Motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. 

• Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds. 

SC.HS.1.1.b Use mathematical representations to support the claim that the total momentum of a system of objects is conserved when there is no net force on the system. 

• Assessment is limited to systems of two macroscopic bodies moving in one dimension. 

SC.HS.1.1.c Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative evaluations and/or algebraic manipulations. 

SC.HS.1.1.d Use mathematical representations of Newton’s Law of Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law to describe and predict the gravitational and electrostatic forces between objects. 

• Assessment is limited to systems with two objects. 

SC.HS.1.1.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electrical current can produce a magnetic f ield and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electrical current. 

• Assessment is limited to designing and conducting investigations with provided materials and tools. 

SC.HS.2 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation 

SC.HS.2.2 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves. 

SC.HS.2.2.a Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 

• Assessment is limited to algebraic relationships and describing those relationships qualitatively.

SC.HS.2.2.b Evaluate claims about the advantages of digital transmission and storage of information. 

SC.HS.2.2.c Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other. 

• Assessment does not include using quantum theory. 

SC.HS.2.2.d Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter. 

• Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions. 

SC.HS.2.2.e Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy. 

• Assessments are limited to qualitative information. 

• Assessments do not include band theory. 

SC.HS.3 Structure and Properties of Matter 

SC.HS.3.3 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. 

SC.HS.3.3.a Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. 

• Assessment is limited to main group elements. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends. 

SC.HS.3.3.b Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles. 

• Assessment does not include Raoult’s law calculations of vapor pressure. 

SC.HS.3.3.c Develop models to illustrate the changes in the composition of the nucleus of the atom and the energy released during the processes of fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. 

• Assessment does not include quantitative calculation of energy released. 

• Assessment is limited to alpha, beta, and gamma radioactive decays. 

SC.HS.3.3.d Communicate scientific and technical information about why the molecular-level structure is important in the functioning of designed materials. 

• Assessment is limited to provided molecular structures of specific designed materials. 

SC.HS.4 Energy 

SC.HS.4.4 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy. 

SC.HS.4.4.a Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. 

• Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields. 

SC.HS.4.4.b Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motion of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). 

SC.HS.4.4.c Design, build, and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one form of energy into another form of energy. 

• Assessment for quantitative evaluations is limited to total output for a given input. 

• Assessment is limited to devices constructed with materials provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.d Analyze a major global challenge to specify qualitative and quantitative criteria and constraints for solutions that account for societal needs and wants.

SC.HS.4.4.e Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). 

• Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students. 

SC.HS.4.4.f Develop and use a model of two objects interacting through electrical or magnetic fields to illustrate the forces between objects and the changes in energy of the objects due to the interaction. 

• Assessment is limited to systems containing two objects. 

SC.HS.5 Chemical Reactions 

SC.HS.5.5 Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.a Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. 

• Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions. 

SC.HS.5.5.b Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy. 

• Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products. 

SC.HS.5.5.c Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. 

• Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature. 

SC.HS.5.5.d Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. 

• Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. 

• Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

SC.HS.5.5.e Design a solution to a complex real-world problem by breaking it down into smaller, more manageable problems that can be solved through engineering. 

SC.HS.5.5.f Use mathematical representations to support the claim that atoms, and therefore mass, are conserved during a chemical reaction. 

• Assessment does not include complex chemical reactions.