The Final Design consist of 3 major components, the Mechanical Component, the Electrical Component, and the Software Component. Users are able to control the robot through use of the developed GUI for not only object manipulation but also for various testing scenarios and calibration procedures for each actuator.
MECHANICAL
The full mechanical design includes 6 stepper motors (2 each module) and 3 servo motors (1 each module). The steppers utilize a 9 to 1 timing belt ratio to achieve an output holding of ~1.676 Newton-meters. The servo motors have an output torque of 0.147 Newton-meters each which in conjunction allow for object manipulation of over 25 grams. The motor combination yields a precision of about 0.2 degrees per step at a speed of 44 degrees per second.
The GIF shows a shortened range of the TriFinger's capabilities. The limitation of each actuator rotation is only due to the possibility of impacting another mechanical component. With the current design the horizontal arms are able to rotate 180 degrees, the diagonal arms have freedom of almost 180 degrees and the finger tips can nearly rotate 340 degrees in certain configurations. This results in the ability to reach almost all points within its 15 inch diameter workspace.
The TriFinger robot utilizes a seemingly complicated circuit structure; however most of the circuit elements are built for a single finger module and simply replicated for the remaining two fingers. Because of this, we have custom made PCBs at a low cost for each finger to reduce the amount of cabling and simplify assembly. For power usage the stepper motors are powered by ~12 volts at a total current of ~1.2 Amps, while the servos and Arduino are powered by another separate power supply at 5 volts and a maximum current of 2.4 Amps (max load current).
SOFTWARE
The developed GUI allows users to easily run calibration procedures, run all fingers to a specified polar coordinate, grab, release, and troubleshoot individual motors within each finger module.
The TriFinger robot utilizes inverse kinematics in order to convert from a given polar coordinate to cartesian in order to accurately calculate the necessary angles and steps for each motor to run through. The single finger simulation above was developed to validate the calculations and conversions.