Nervous System

Central Nervous System

This main division of the nervous system as a whole includes the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous system

This division of the nervous system includes the Somatic,Autonomic,and Enteric nervous systems. The somatic nervous system is involved with the movement and control of muscles. The autonomic nervous system is involved with sympathetic and parasympathetic responses resulting in the release of norepinephrine and acetylcholine respectively. The Enteric Nervous system controls the gastrointestinal behavior independent of the central nervous system.

Brain

The Brain which is part of the Central Nervous system includes the Cerebrum,Cerebellum,Brainstem,Ventricles,and Cerebrospinal fluid.

Cerebrum

This bigger portion of the brain includes the cerebral cortex which has both Sulci and Gyri.

Cerebellum

This smaller portion of the brain works with the cerebrum to regulate voluntary actions.

Brainstem

This portion of the brain connects to the spinal cord and cerebellum. It has three smaller parts that each have their own function. The midbrain is involved with vision and hearing. The pons regulates sleeping and waking up as well as breathing. The medulla oblongata is part of the cardiovascular-respiratory regulation system and contains descending motor tracts as well as ascending sensory tracts and contains the origin of some cranial nerves.

Meninges

The Meninges are membranes surrounding the central nervous system. They contain Dura Mater, Arachnoid,Pia Mater,and Epidural space. The dura mater is the membrane directly under the skull and contains vertical folds known as falx cerebri and horizontal folds known as Tentorium cerebelli. The arachnoid is an avascular membrane that is involved in cerebrospinal fluid metabolism via the subarachnoid space. Pia mater is the innermost layer and it is vascularized. The Epidural space is the space located outside the dura mater and within the spinal canal.

Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is a part of the central nervous system. It contains the central canal,Funniculus,Horn,Sensory neuron,and Motor Neuron.

Central Canal

The Central Canal is a part of the spinal cord that sits right in the middle of it. It contains cerebrospinal fluid.

Funniculi

The Funniculus is a part of the spinal cord that sits inside the spinal cord. It is a bundle of nerve fibers and it has dorsal,lateral,and ventral funniculi.

Horns

The Horn is a part of the spinal cord that lies in the innermost layer next to the central canal. It contains nerve cell bodies and interneurons. It also has Dorsal,lateral,and ventral versions of itself.

Brachial Plexus

The Brachial plexus is a network of nerves in the shoulder that carries movement and sensory signals from the spinal cord to the front legs and the shoulder.

Lumbosacral Plexus

The Lumbosacral plexus is a neural network that contains many nerve fibers and is responsible for innervating the bladder and lower extremities.

Page updated

Report abuse