Forelimb

M. trapezius

Function: Lift, advance, and retracts scapula

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and ligaments of the dorsal midline

Insertion: Scapular spine

Function: Lifts neck, and lifts and advances scapula

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and ligaments of the dorsal midline

Insertion: Medial side of scapular cartilage

Function: Lateral neck flexion, shoulder extension, advances limb

Origin: Spinous processes of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Medial humerus

Function: Support trunk, lifts neck, advances and retracts scapula

Origin: Transverse processes of caudal cervical and cranial thoracic vertebrae, first 8-9 ribs

Insertion: Medial scapula adn scapular cartilage

Function: Extension and stabilization of shoulder

Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Function: Stabilization and flexion of shoulder

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Function: Shoulder stabilization

Origin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Medial humerus

Function: Elbow flexion, shoulder extension

**HAS TWO HEADS**

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: Cranial aspect of proximal radius and ulna

Function: Elbow extension and shoulder flexion

**HAS THREE HEADS**

Origin: Caudal border of the scapula, proximal humerus

Insertion: Olecranon process of the ulna

Function: help pull the forelimb across the front of your body

Origin: Cranial sternum, costal cartilages, and ribs

Insertion: Craniomedial humerus

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