Forelimb

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and ligaments of dorsal midline

Insertion: Scapular spine

Function: Lifts, retracts, advances scapula

Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and ligaments of dorsal midline

Insertion: Medial side scapular spine

Function:  Lifts neck, lifts and advances scapula

Origin: Occipital bone, transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Insert: Lateral humerus, deltoid tuberosity, fascia of arm/forearm

Function: Lateral neck flexion, shoulder extension, advances 

limb

Origin: Spinous process of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Medial humerus

Function: Limb retraction, shoulder flexion

Origin: Sternum and cranial costal cartilage

Insertion: Medial humerus, fascia of arm/forearm

Function: Limb adduction

Origin: Sternum, ribs, abdominal fascia

Insertion: Craniomedial humerus

Function: Adduction and retraction of limb

Origin: Cranial sternum and costal cartilage

Insertion: Epimysium of m supraspinatus

Function: Supports trunk, stabilizes shoulder

Origin: Scapular spine

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity

Function: Shoulder flexion

Origin: Supraspinus fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Function: Extension and stabilization of shoulder

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Function: Stabilization and flexion of shoulder

Origin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Medial humerus

Function: Shoulder stabilization

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: Cranial aspect of proximal radius and ulna

Function: Elbow flexion, shoulder extension

Origin: Caudal border of scapula, proximal humerus

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

Function: Elbow extension and shoulder flexion

Origin: Caudal aspect proximal humerus

Insertion: Medial aspect of proximal radius

Function: Elbow flexion

Origin: Transverse process of caudal cervical and cranial thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Medial side of scapula and scapular cartilage

Function: Support trunk, lifts neck, advances & retracts scapula