Joyce Conseen Dugan is a member of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians in Cherokee, North Carolina. She is a graduate of Western Carolina University, where she received both her BS (1974) and MS (1981) in Education. She began her education career as a teacher's assistant in the Cherokee Central School system and after obtaining her degree was employed as a teacher, progressing on to become Director of Federal Programs, and in 1990 became the Superintendent of the same school system, a post she held for five years. In 1995, she ran for and won the office of Principal Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, the first woman to hold that office and to date, the only woman to hold this office. She held this office for a term of four years, after which she was employed by the tribe's casino enterprise to develop a program for tribal members to assume management of the business, and later became the casino's Director of Public, Government and Community Relations. In 2009, she returned to the Cherokee school system from which she retired in 2011.