Topic Lead: 2LT S. Kelland
Target Level: Basic
Objective: Identify parts of a Map
Need: Continued Army Cadet training requires a basic understanding of Maps, their use, and parts of. This is a base lesson all training will build from
Scope:
What is a Map
Three Norths
Types of Maps
Care of Maps
Parts of a Map
Date Updated: 05/04/20
72% of search and rescues are to recover a single person or someone who has been separated from a multi-person group.
– There and Back, 2016
“A map is a scaled plan of a portion of the Earth’s surface, drawn on a flat surface, using conventional signs and symbols to represent natural and man-made features”
A map is of some part of the Earth, be it an area, city, street, country or district, that has been put onto a piece of paper
We use signs and symbols to represent different things, such as vegetation, roads, rivers, buildings, airstrips, towns or mountains
Watch the attached video for an explanation on the three Norths, and how they work.
Watch this clip from the Mountain Safety Council!
There are 3 different Norths
Magnetic North – Where a magnetic compass points to
True North – The physical North Pole, around which the Earth rotates on its axis
Grid North – North on a Map
SUPPLEMENTAL WATCHING
Topographical Maps – These show natural features and contours
Ideal for bush navigation
Political Map Shows state and national borders
Street Maps Show roads, rivers, railways etc. E.g. Google Maps
Physical Maps Show terrain and natural features of the Earth
Weather Maps Show high and low pressure systems and allow weather predictions
In Cadets - the PRIMARY map we deal with is the Topographical Map, but at times we will use weather maps also
Try keep the map waterproof, e.g. by laminating the map or by keeping it in a clear plastic pouch
Avoid writing directly onto the map
If you do write on the map, use a pencil (or pen for laminate)
Avoid excessively folding the map – the crease lines get weaker and the map is more prone to ripping
Fold the map in such a way that a minimal part of the map is ‘exposed’, and to reduce the need to fold and un-fold the map.
Read the Slides attached for an explanation of the different parts of a Map
Please note: This video is a great resource - but is AMERICAN. This means that the distances are in feet. Maps in New Zealand are in METERS
In cartography (Map Drawing), a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea level. A contour map is a map illustrated with contour lines, for example a topographic map, which thus shows valleys and hills, and the steepness or gentleness of slopes.
Since a map is a reduced representation of the real world, map symbols are used to represent real objects. Without symbols, we wouldn't have maps.
Both shapes and colors can be used for symbols on maps. A small circle may mean a point of interest, with a brown circle meaning recreation, red circle meaning services, and green circle meaning rest stop. Colors may cover larger areas of a map, such as green representing forested land and blue representing waterways.
To ensure that a person can correctly read a map, a Map Legend is a key to all the symbols used on a map. It is like a dictionary so you can understand the meaning of what the map represents.
EXPLORE NEW ZEALAND!
Click on the link above to explore New Zealand on a Topo Map!