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What is tonal scale?
What is tonal scale?
Tonal scales are ways of exploring tonal values. It is a common exercise in art classes to be asked to create a tonal scale.
Tonal scales are ways of exploring tonal values. It is a common exercise in art classes to be asked to create a tonal scale.
This can be done with pencil, charcoal or paint. Usually the learner draws a scale divided into at least five squares. The first square is the darkest tone you can create with the media so pure black if you are working with black and white paint. The last square is pure white so can be left blank if you are working on paper or use pure white paint.
This can be done with pencil, charcoal or paint. Usually the learner draws a scale divided into at least five squares. The first square is the darkest tone you can create with the media so pure black if you are working with black and white paint. The last square is pure white so can be left blank if you are working on paper or use pure white paint.
Why would you do tonal scales?
Why would you do tonal scales?
It teaches us about tonal values by having to find the increments of tonal values between the very darkest and the very lightest tones. The more challenging tonal scales are made up of seven to ten squares. The increments are very slight in a longer scale requiring more accuracy with tonal values.
It teaches us about tonal values by having to find the increments of tonal values between the very darkest and the very lightest tones. The more challenging tonal scales are made up of seven to ten squares. The increments are very slight in a longer scale requiring more accuracy with tonal values.
PENCIL IT IN
PENCIL IT IN
Pencil leads are made by mixing graphite with fine clay and then firing them in sticks in a kiln. The lead is actually graphite, a form of carbon, which is one of the softest minerals.
Pencil leads are made by mixing graphite with fine clay and then firing them in sticks in a kiln. The lead is actually graphite, a form of carbon, which is one of the softest minerals.
The two ingredients are combined in different proportions to produce leads of different hardness and blackness.
The two ingredients are combined in different proportions to produce leads of different hardness and blackness.
Softer and blacker pencils (B to 6B etc) have progressively more graphite, while harder and lighter pencils (H to 8H etc) have progressively more clay.
Softer and blacker pencils (B to 6B etc) have progressively more graphite, while harder and lighter pencils (H to 8H etc) have progressively more clay.
4B 2B B HB H 2H 4H 6H 8H Pencil leads are relatively brittle so dont drop them.
4B 2B B HB H 2H 4H 6H 8H Pencil leads are relatively brittle so dont drop them.
IN PRACTICE
IN PRACTICE
REMEMBER
REMEMBER
-Make sure that you have the paper in a comfortable position for freehand drawing and not fixed down.
-Make sure that you have the paper in a comfortable position for freehand drawing and not fixed down.
-Turn it on an angle if that feels better.
-Turn it on an angle if that feels better.
-Use an HB – 2B pencil.
-Use an HB – 2B pencil.
-Hold your pencil loosely and away from the point.
-Hold your pencil loosely and away from the point.
-Keep the paper free and not fixed down.
-Keep the paper free and not fixed down.
-Avoid erasing too often.
-Avoid erasing too often.
-Use different pressures on the pencil to achieve different tones.
-Use different pressures on the pencil to achieve different tones.
-Soft pencils smudge so don’t rub your hands over your work.
-Soft pencils smudge so don’t rub your hands over your work.
1. Freehand sketch vertical straight lines. Sketch vertical lines from one end or the other (start lines about 3 – 5mm apart) and reduce the gaps to darken the tone at one end.
1. Freehand sketch vertical straight lines. Sketch vertical lines from one end or the other (start lines about 3 – 5mm apart) and reduce the gaps to darken the tone at one end.
Use the back of your sheet to practice if you need.
Use the back of your sheet to practice if you need.
2. Freehand sketch 45° straight lines. This is called hatching. Follow the instructions in No 1. Slope lines at 45°.
2. Freehand sketch 45° straight lines. This is called hatching. Follow the instructions in No 1. Slope lines at 45°.
3. Freehand sketch 45° straight lines both ways. This is called cross hatching. Follow the instructions in No 1. Slope lines at 45° in both directions.
3. Freehand sketch 45° straight lines both ways. This is called cross hatching. Follow the instructions in No 1. Slope lines at 45° in both directions.
4. Freehand sketch squiggles. Have your squiggles gather intensity by reducing the gaps and darkening the tone through to one end.
4. Freehand sketch squiggles. Have your squiggles gather intensity by reducing the gaps and darkening the tone through to one end.
5. Line rendering techniques on 3D forms. Using the line rendering techniques you have practised in 1 – 4, line render the five geometric forms to clearly show a light source. Add ground shadows as shown on cube example at top. Show the light source by drawing a small sun, light bulb / globe or arrow where you want the light source to be.
5. Line rendering techniques on 3D forms. Using the line rendering techniques you have practised in 1 – 4, line render the five geometric forms to clearly show a light source. Add ground shadows as shown on cube example at top. Show the light source by drawing a small sun, light bulb / globe or arrow where you want the light source to be.
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