Surface features are the exterior visual elements that demonstrate the shape, size and form of a design outcome. Technical features are the detailed aspects of a design outcome, such as its internal components, internal details, internal spatial relationships or additional information beyond the main outline. Construction or assembly features provide precise details and accurate information that demonstrates how a product design outcome is assembled or a spatial design is constructed, including the materials or parts required to realise the outcome and how components fit together. Instrumental drawings, which can be referred to in this context as technical drawings or mechanical drawings, are 2D and 3D representations of projected views of a 3D object. They require the use of manual drawing instruments or computer-aided software, and associated techniques, conventions, and scale. Examples of instrumental drawing techniques include:
orthographic projection, common method of representing three-dimensional objects, usually by three two-dimensional drawings in each of which the object is viewed along parallel lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
(isometric, oblique, or planometric drawings). A paraline drawing is a three-dimensional representation used to illustrate the relationships of planes and volumes. In this type of drawing, edges and surfaces that are parallel in the physical model are also parallel in the drawing. Some types of drawings are more analytic than representational.
Examples of conventions used in instrumental drawing techniques include:
• line types and symbols
• labelling (sheets, views, details)
• dimensioning and recognised scale. Labels may be written in either English or te reo Māori.