At the November 2016 ASEM meeting, Wayne Clark brought in a scope that he had acquired for the club to decide what to do with. It's an 8" f8 optical tube assembly only. No mount or any other accoutrements besides a nice finder and a well made saddle.
(Dec 14 update from Wayne: The Mystery Telescope was donated by George van Brunt, a retired elementary school teacher)
Club members David Reed, Doug Gilmore and myself volunteered to take the scope and see what we could do with it for the club. My part is rather limited: Clean it up, check it out and then give my findings to Dave and Doug for further evaluation.
Here's a shot of it on the right with several other 8 inch Newtonian telescopes (and an 8" f10 Schmidt on the far left) for comparison (Click on any image to see a higher resolution version).
As can be seen, it's a tall one for sure.
The tube is hand rolled fiberglass and sits about 6' tall and weighs about 10 - 15 pounds. It houses an 8" f7.9 mirror (measured) mounted in a Novak 9-point mirror cell.
The diagonal mirror is pristine and held in a Novak 4 vane spider. The primary shows signs of neglect. It appears to have had mold growing on it in the past - as happens when a scope is brought in from the cold and dew forms.
The focuser is a classic rack & pinion operating on a heliacal formed eyepiece holder. This allows rough focusing with the rack & pinion and precise focusing by turning the heliacal formed eyepiece holder. The Finder is a right angle 50mm f10 mounting .96" eyepieces in a star diagonal.
The mirror cleaned up fairly well. The mold remnants and the usual dust and dirt were removed revealing a pretty nice coating. Before cleaning (on left) the mirror looked like it might have lost a fair amount of coating and could need striping and recoating. After cleaning, and looking at the surface at a sharp angle reveals coating damage from the mold and previous cleanings. Face-on it looks very nice and may be fine for loaner needs. At this time (12 Dec 2016) the weather is cloudy and not expected to clear up for the next week minimum.
We measured the focal length at 63.375 inches. On removing the mirror for examination we found the numbers "63.3" scribed on the glass.
As can be seen by the profile it's a cast mirror of the form Steve Dodds refers to as "Pie Pan". In the past he's said that amateurs use these straight from the supplier while production houses would grind the backs flat. This one is unground. But, it does have a very uniform bevel on the front edge - nice touch.
In order to get a feel for the performance of the scope (both optically and physically) I added a vixen rail to the saddle so I could test it on my short pier EQ-6 equatorial mount.
To say this thing is a beast, for an 8" f8 scope would be an understatement. to seat the rail into the slot on the EQ head takes some effort and contortion. The tube with saddle is awkward to hold onto while trying to mate things up and then you have to reach around and tighten the rail mount screws. So far the best way is to release the saddle from the scope and seat it in the mount first. Then, and this is a bit awkward because the metal straps need to be moved, lay the OTA into the saddle. Alignment marks will be needed so the balance point can be easily referenced. Once in the saddle, the straps can be hooked to the clamps, initial eyepiece orientation set and then clamped down tight.
On the mount, it moves as well as the other Newtonians shown. The saddle was a surprise. It uses flat steel strips to wrap around the scope with a neat cleat type of clamp. One major problem with using a Newtonian on a GEM (German Equatorial Mount) is that if the tube can't be rotated in its saddle, the eyepiece can become inaccessible when the scope is pointed at various parts of the sky. The solution is to construct your saddle in such a manner as to allow tube rotation when needed. These clamps on this saddle with the underlying felt strips allow extremely smooth and secure rotation. A big thumbs up for this saddle design (I'd still want to mount a safety ring around the tube though). At the moment, this is the highlight of this scope (we'll see how well it performs as soon as the sky clears up).
So as shown in the first image above, I have several other 8" Newtonians. Of note here, are Nolan Hupps f7 and Jim Roes f7.5. Nolans was a complete scope mounted Dobsonian style. The scope is a good performer. The base is smooth and rigid. Its a good, well realized design. It's borderline transportable in sedans though. It really needs a small SUV or pickup truck. The base fits in the car well but the OTA is too long. It needs to go in the car diagonally. So it doesn't get out for a drive much - just out to the deck.
Jims' scope came with a machined EQ head and tall Pier. All were made in the mid to late 60s' and were of very good construction. I like the OTA. It's relatively short but the mirror is outstanding - better than 1/10th wave. It gives great images with magnifications out to 500x. The problem with using magnifications above about 250x in an f6+ Dobsonian mounted scope, is that the observer is ALWAYS moving the scope to keep the object in the field of view. Scopes working at these magnifications and above need to be driven for long term object observing sessions. And that usually means an equatorial mount system.
I have a tripod mounted EQ-6 Equatorial mount but when the Roe scope was mounted up and the legs retracted to their minimum height, the eyepiece was too high to reach in most observing orientations. To solve this problem, I had about 6 inches of height removed from the pier that came with the scope. I also had an adapter machined that allowed mounting of the EQ-6 head to the pier. This has been an ideal combination for observing planets, double star splitting and compact deep sky objects at high powers.
Here's the completed Rowe OTA with EQ-6 on the shortened pier on the right side of the image - the Mystery scope is in the background on the far right. Note that the focuser is right at eye level for me when pointed straight up. That means the eyepiece will always be accessible no matter where the OTA is pointed.
The Hupp Dobsonian mounted scope is shown on the left side of the image for comparison. On the far left is Lois Fitter's 6" f8 dobsonian mounted scope..
This pier mounted GEM system seemed applicable for the Mystery scope as well. The image on the right shows it mounted up on the EQ-6 and the short pier. As can be seen, the focuser is also at eye level like the Roe scope. Nice. Unfortunately, the OTA overall weight requires 3 10# counterweights as opposed to two ten pounders for the Roe scope. And mating can be a chore as described earlier.
As noted, initial setup is something of a bear. It should get easier with experience. Motion is terrific but that's a function of the saddle and GEM mount. Weight is an issue. The saddle does shove the OTA out from the mount more than usual causing a larger moment arm (lever). That and the weight of the OTA requires much heavier counter weighting. Right now, I think it's near 80% of the load handling ability of the EQ-6. The pier seems to be handling it well. Vibrations are surprisingly minimal with this configuration.
The image on the left shows a "to scale" mashup of the Roe scope and the mystery scope on the same EQ-6/Pier combo, "side by side" for comparison. The Mystery scope sure could stand to lose about a foot or more of tube length that's for sure.
A Dobsonian base could be problematic as this scope requires a good deal of height for the altitude bearing. When coupled with it's weight, it means the base will have to be large and rigid (read heavy). The image at right shows the center of the altitude bearing for the Hupp scope at 28 inches above the ground. The same point for the mystery scope will have to be 35 inches above the ground. That doesn't give much room for the azimuth bearing and ground mount if the focuser is to stay at comfortable eye height for an average human.
No observing has been done with this scope yet. Waiting for clear skies with excellent seeing
(Disclaimer: I reserve the right to change these thoughts at a moments notice).
Unless the optics are nearly perfect, this scope comes very close to being unusable. For an 8" f8 OTA, it's overly large, heavy and difficult to work with. Any mount is going to have to be correspondingly large and heavy. IF the optics turn out to have any quality, then this tube should be disposed of and the optics mounted in a smaller, lighter weight configuration. Otherwise, the associated hardware (mirror cell, spider & diagonal, focuser & finder) can be used elsewhere.
To take the best advantage of the optics, the mount should be driven. If portability is desired then this means either Dobsonian or pier/pier-varient mounted GEM. Any other type of mount pretty much requires a permanent home...
Performance
The skies cleared sufficiently on the 13th to perform some basic evaluations. The scope was mounted on the EQ-6G/pier. Temperatures were 20f dropping to 15f. Skies were clear most of the time. Seeing was 4/5 best but mostly 2.5/5. Heat rising from my body caused serious turbulence at the front of the scope. The moon was a few hours past full so there were some terrain features to observe at the terminator. What follows were personal notes put into an email to the group.
I'm out with it now and it's performing very well ... considering the seeing. The collimation is off a bit so the stars are a bit fuzzy. BUT they are clean and bright! Performance is typical of a long focal ratio 8" Newtonian telescope.
Castor was an easy split and both stars looked uniform. The Trapezium is looking great at 321x. Unfortunately, the moon is blocking the e and f stars. I can tell though, that on a moonless night, they will be easily visible in this scope.
Speaking of the moon, it is crisp and sharp from edge to edge in any eyepiece I use. Only a little soft at 321x. and a little more so at 459x. I am convinced this is due to moderate seeing and mis-collimation. These and the local, human induced seeing problems are masking the star test so I can't really report on that now. But I can say that no great aberrations are detectable at the moment.
This scope is working very fine. I think these optics are a winner. As a Dobsonian, this scope would certainly be terrific for intermediate observers looking to try equipment at the next level up. It will work best in a driven mount but as it sits now, that would be reserved for the advanced-intermediate or beginning-advanced users - it's a beast in an equatorial mount.
Again, the only drawback I'm encountering is its length and weight. This can be resolved by shortening the tube and implementing lightening holes in the body itself - ala "The holy scope" mods as documented by John Duchek. Lightening the front 2/3rds to 3/5ths would have the added advantage of moving the CG back far enough for better operation in a Dobsonian mount. Shortening the front almost to the spider would decrease the weight more and also put the CG even further back. Anything that can be done to minimize the size of the dob base would be a good thing.
As far as light intrusion caused by shortening the front end, a very lightweight tube extension (like a dew shield) could be used to block any stray light like Jim was concerned about. But that's only If we want to keep the fiberglass tube. Otherwise a smaller. lighter weight OTA could be built to house the current optics as is. Unfortunately, it will always be a scope with a 63" focal length so we can shorten the OTA only so much.
With regard to equatorial mounting, I rediscovered the reason I have finder mounts on either side of the focuser. It's been a while since I put a scope greater than F6 on this mount. This is the longest one yet and it's a real back stretcher for sure.
One of the first things I need to do for follow on testing is replace the collimation SCREWS with collimation KNOBS.
The only other thing that could be replaced is the focuser. This was a great design in its time but the friction fit for holding eyepieces still doesn't work well as it doesn't release eyepieces easily thus leading to unfortunate changes in pointing as force is needed to remove the eyepiece.
You can forward this email to George with my thanks for the donation of a quality piece of optical work that can be used for years to come by beginners and advanced users alike. I'd like to know more about this scope especially any build details, mirror information, mounting and etc. Anything he can supply would be helpful including any photos he might have. He made a fine donation to the club and it should be documented.
OTA Mods and mounting options
This scope stands 70" tall. When looking at actual optical path length, diagonal holder height above center of focuser and the thickness of the primary mirror + holder, it looks like this scope can certainly benefit from removing 5" off the front and 2" off the rear. That would reduce the overall tube length to 63". A very lightweight light shield can be added in place of the material removed from the front.
Lightning holes can be added to the front 2/3rds or 3/5ths of the scope. This would have the added advantage of moving the CG closer to the back end of the OTA. This will reduce the height of an associated DOB base making its construction smaller and lighter. John Duchek documented lightening holes as a method of reducing tube currents in Newtonian telescopes a while back. See his work at "Holey Scope" and his follow on page called "Son of Holey scope"
"Holey Scope" "Son of Holey Scope"
With regard to a driven mount, it occurs to me that a Poncet mount might be the best alternative to an equatorial mounting. The scope can be rebuilt into a smaller, lighter Dobsonian mount and then a thin, custom Poncet mount can be built to support it. For more on Poncet mounts, see these links:
* A very nice page by Reiner Vogel
* Building a two-sector equatorial platform
* A commercially available platform for $1,350.00
Coincidentally, ASEM just happens to have a Poncet mount in it's loaner program. It was obtained from Nolan Hupp (the builder of the 8" f7 dob shown above). It's currently being upgraded with a more powerful drive system but it just might be useable on a dob of this size.
Another design would eliminate the heavy tube, reduce overall weight, aid transportability by having a removable stalk and keep the eyepiece as low as possible. A slight design change is to put the focuser stalk at an angle to the corner so the eyepiece is pointing upwards and thus accessible when the scope is pointed below an altitude of about 45 degrees. A link to plans for this scope can be found at the bottom of the page.
A design very nicely realized by Jim Russell of SLAS
A 8" portable design by Thane Bopp and an 8" variant by builder unknown
8" by unknown builder
Thane and an airline transportable 8" f4 telescope.