ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioural need that includes symptoms such as inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness.

Although not exclusive to (or always indicative of) ADHD, common symptoms include:

• having a short attention span and being easily distracted;
• making careless mistakes – for example, in schoolwork;
• appearing forgetful or losing things;
• being unable to stick to tasks that are tedious or time-consuming;
• appearing to be unable to listen to or carry out instructions;
• constantly changing activity or task;
• having difficulty organising tasks;
• being unable to sit still, especially in calm or quiet surroundings;
• constantly fidgeting;
• being unable to concentrate on tasks;
• excessive physical movement;
• excessive talking;
• being unable to wait their turn;
• acting without thinking;
• interrupting conversations;
• little or no sense of danger.

What helps?

• Routine
• Chunking - break tasks into small, manageable steps
• Boundaries - reinforce the positive and enforce consequences in terms of choices
• Clarity - be specific when giving and instruction or praise
• Direction - 'I need you to...' as opposed to 'Can you...'
• Intervention - provide additional clarity/focus if you recognise trigger signs
• Exercise