Week 12
Major concept goals
-What happens to cause glucose release into the bloodstream during the fight or flight response
-How a signal can be amplified within a cell, what aspects of the GPCR to glycogen pathway are amplification steps
-What is the difference between a graded and amplified response and an all or none response to a signal
-How the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) pathway can lead to an all or none response to a growth factor signal, focusing on negative regulation, processive kinases, and positive feedback
-How growth factor signals are transmitted through an RTK, into Ras, and through the MAPK cascade
Overview of content
I. An example of 7TM (GPCR) signaling
A. The fight or flight response is caused by the adrenaline signal
B. How 7-TM receptors are activated
C. Activated 7-TM receptors act as a GEF for heterotrimeric G-proteins
D. G protein activation and downstream steps in the signaling cascade to breakdown glycogen to produce glucose
E. How this pathway amplifies the signal
II. An example of enzyme linked/RTK signaling
A. Stimulation of cell proliferation by growth factor signals
B. Growth factor characteristics
C. Receptor tyrosine kinase characteristics, to learn how they become activated work through this optional HW question
D. Identification and function of Ras
E. How could RTK signaling lead to an increase in Ras-GTP "on" form?
F. Using Drosophila R7 cell fate specification to identify the process of Ras activation
G. Using C. elegans vulval cell fate specification to identify the MAPK components downstream of Ras
H. The MAPK cascade, negative regulation, non-processive kinase activity and positive feedback