Cancer results from changes in genes: mutations and heredity

Cancer results from changes in genes: mutations and heredity

I. What causes cancer? Mutations

A. Inherited mutations

B. Environmental causes of mutations

B. DNA replication caused mutations

II. Genetic characteristics of mutations

A. How many versions of Ras gene do you have?

B. Alleles

C. Homozygous

D. Heterozygous

E. Dominant vs recessive

Study Question:

• 1. What is the most common cause of mutations that are associated with cancer?

1. Would alleles for oncogenes that arise via DNA replication errors in typically be heterozygous or homozygous?

2. Which allele of Ras is dominant, the oncogenic form or the proto-oncogenic form?

3. Which allele of p53, the wild type/normal version or the defective version seen in cancer cells, is dominant?

4. What is the most common cause of DNA mutations in the human genome?

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