Industrial Revolution Sources

DOCUMENT 1

Below is a chart that shows what percentage of the population lived in cities in four European countries in the 1850’s and in 1890.

• 1. Based on the chart above, which country would be most industrialized? Which city would be least industrialized? Why?

DOCUMENT 2

Below is a chart that shows the population of different British cities between 1801 and 1891.

1. Which city grew faster: Liverpool or Manchester? Explain how you know.

2. Which of the following conclusions CANNOT be drawn from this chart?

a. Liverpool is the largest city physically (most square miles)

b. Leeds had the lowest population both in 1801 and in 1891

c. The population of Leeds more than doubled from 1861 to 1891

d. Liverpool had the largest population of the four cities given in both 1861 and 1891

DOCUMENT 3

Below is a graph that shows the age distribution of textile workers during the Industrial Revolution for both male and female workers.

1. What is the most common age of male cotton workers? What is the most common age for female cotton workers?

2. Based on what you know about the Industrial Revolution, why are the majority of cotton workers teenagers and people in their early twenties?

3. Would this graph support the idea that factory workers made more money as they got older? Why or why not?

DOCUMENT 4

Below is a drawing of an apartment building in Paris, France as it would have been laid out and inhabited in 1850.

1. What do you notice about the rooms as you move higher up in the apartment building?

2. What do you notice about who lives in the different apartments? How does it change as you move higher in the building?

DOCUMENT 5

Below are two maps that show the industrial development of Britain and of Europe around 1850.

1. Based on the European map, how many emerging industrial areas existed in Europe around 1850?

2. In what countries do the majority of the railroads run through in Europe?

3. Based on their location, what is the purpose of the railroads in Britain?

4. Why did cities develop around Liverpool, Manchester, Bradford and Leeds?

5. Based on the map of England, why do you think machinery and consumer goods were produced in London, rather than other things listed on the map

DOCUMENT 6

Below is a map that shows the growth of cities in Europe between 1800 and 1900.

1. Based on this map and the previous maps you have seen in this assignment, which country was most industrialized in Europe, aside from Britain?

2. Based on your understanding of the Industrial Revolution, explain in your own words why cities began to emerge in Europe during this time.

DOCUMENT 7

Below is an image that shows the factory system in action during the Industrial Revolution.

1. Does this image depict a factory before or after Watt’s improvements to the steam engine? How do you know?

2. Why was factory work dangerous for children, based on this image?

DOCUMENT 8

Below is a set of images that compare the housing for factory owners versus housing for factory workers.

1. What differences do you see between the home of the factory owner and the home of the factory worker?

2. Based on what you know about urbanization during the Industrial Revolution, is the image of the worker’s home from early in the revolution or later in the revolution? What leads you to this conclusion?

3. What kinds of things did factory owners use to decorate and furnish their homes?

4. What challenges did those who lived in working class neighborhoods face? What improvements were eventually made?

DOCUMENT 9

The map below shows the main resources and industries that existed in Britain in 1750.

1. What industry was most common in England at this time?

2. What industry was most popular in Swansea? In Sheffield? Why do you think these were popular industries in these regions?

3. Why would the geography of Britain have made it easier for the country to industrialize and grow their economy?

DOCUMENT 10

The following is a chart that shows the key ideas of capitalism and communism, along with the names of their creators.

1. Why did Karl Marx believed that capitalism was unfair?

2. Why did Adam Smith believe that capitalism was a better system?

3. Which system would a factory worker be most likely to support? Explain.

4. Which system would a factory owner be most likely to support? Explain.