Instrument Proficiency Check
https://www.faa.gov/documentlibrary/media/advisory_circular/ac_61-98d.pdf
The IPC. Simply, and IPC, conducted by a CFII, is a full review of knowledge and procedures needed to safely fly an aircraft on an instrument flight plan flown under actual or simulated (“under the hood”) instrument meteorological flight conditions.
The IPC is conducted in two parts:
Preflight discussion that involves answering questions, solving problems, and demonstrating knowledge of procedures, requirements, and knowledge of instrument flight requirements.
A flight that involves planning a route, collecting weather information relevant to that flight, preparing a flight plan, flying the flight, and properly reacting to instructions and deviations provided the IPC check pilot.
This will be followed by a post-flight debriefing and evaluation that will result in: (1) an endorsement in your logbook for instrument flight, or (2) a recommendation for additional practice and review in areas of weakness identified by the CFII.
During the preflight portion of the IPC, pilots may ask questions about any topic on which they are not completely clear.
An important benefit of the IPC, especially for older pilots, is to ensure they are familiar with the latest navigation equipment and navigation and approach procedures.
In any case, the IPC should be viewed as an opportunity to learn.