List
List
US English [125]
I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they, what, who, where, why, how, which, when, then, if, really, but, because, not, this, that, all, or, and, here, there, left, right, now, afternoon, morning, night, morning, evening, noon, midnight, hour, minute, second, day, week, month, year, yesterday, today, tomorrow, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday, woman, man, love, boyfriend, girlfriend, friend, kiss, sex, child, girl, boy, mum, dad, mother, father, parents, son, daughter, little sister, little brother, big sister, big brother, husband, wife, every, always, actually, again, already, less, most, more, none, very, outside, inside, far, close, below, above, beside, front, back, everybody, together, other, spring, summer, autumn, winter, January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December, north, east, south, west, often, immediately, suddenly, although
US Spanish
yo, tú, él, ella, ello, nosotros, ustedes, ellos, qué, quién, dónde, por qué, cómo, cuál, cuándo, entonces, si, realmente, pero, porque, no, este, ese, todo, o, y, aquí, allí, izquierda, derecha, ahora, tarde, mañana, noche, mañana, tarde, mediodía, medianoche, hora, minuto, segundo, día, semana, mes, año, ayer, hoy, mañana, lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado, domingo, mujer, hombre, amor, novio, novia, amigo, beso, sexo, niño, niña, niño, mamá, papá, madre, padre, padres, hijo, hija, hermana menor, hermano menor, hermana mayor, hermano mayor, esposo, esposa, cada, siempre, de hecho, otra vez, ya, menos, más, más, ninguno, muy, fuera, dentro, lejos, cerca, debajo, arriba, al lado, frente, detrás, todos, juntos, otro, primavera, verano, otoño, invierno, enero, febrero, marzo, abril, mayo, junio, julio, agosto, septiembre, octubre, noviembre, diciembre, norte, este, sur, oeste, a menudo, inmediatamente, de repente, aunque
1. I
Yo
Personal Pronoun + First Person Singular = Subject Identity
2. you
Tú
Personal Pronoun + Second Person Singular (Informal) = Direct Address
3. he
Él
Personal Pronoun + Third Person Masculine Singular = Masculine Subject
4. she
Ella
Personal Pronoun + Third Person Feminine Singular = Feminine Subject
5. it
Ello / (Neutral/Implicit)
Neuter Pronoun + Conceptual Referent = Abstract Subject/Object
6. we
Nosotros
Personal Pronoun + First Person Plural = Collective Identity
7. you
Ustedes
Personal Pronoun + Second Person Plural = Collective Direct Address
8. they
Ellos
Personal Pronoun + Third Person Masculine Plural = Collective Masculine Subject
9. what
Qué
Interrogative Pronoun + Definition/Identity = Information Request
10. who
Quién
Interrogative Pronoun + Human Identity = Personhood Inquiry
11. where
Dónde
Interrogative Adverb + Spatial Coordinate = Locational Inquiry
12. why
Por qué
Preposition (Cause) + Interrogative = Causality Inquiry
13. how
Cómo
Interrogative Adverb + Manner/Method = Process Inquiry
14. which
Cuál
Interrogative Pronoun + Selection = Choice Inquiry
15. when
Cuándo
Interrogative Adverb + Temporal Coordinate = Time Inquiry
16. then
Entonces
Temporal Adverb + Sequence = Sequential Marker
17. if
Si
Conditional Conjunction + Hypothesis = Logical Contingency
18. really
Realmente
Adjective Root + Adverbial Suffix (-mente) = Degree of Veracity
19. but
Pero
Adversative Conjunction + Contrast = Opposing Clause
20. because
Porque
Causal Conjunction + Explanation = Reason Attribution
21. not
No
Negative Particle + Predicate = Logical Negation
22. this
Este
Demonstrative Adjective + Proximity (Masculine) = Immediate Referent
23. that
Ese
Demonstrative Adjective + Distance (Masculine) = Mediated Referent
24. all
Todo
Quantifier + Totality = Universal Set
25. or
O
Disjunctive Conjunction + Alternative = Logical Choice
26. and
Y
Copulative Conjunction + Addition = Logical Sum
27. here
Aquí
Spatial Adverb + Immediate Proximity = Primary Coordinate
28. there
Allí
Spatial Adverb + Remote Proximity = Secondary Coordinate
29. left
Izquierda
Spatial Noun/Adjective + Directional Orientation = Sinistral Vector
30. right
Derecha
Spatial Noun/Adjective + Directional Orientation = Dextral Vector
31. now
Ahora
Temporal Adverb + Current Moment = Present Point
32. afternoon
Tarde
Temporal Noun + Post-Meridian Period = Specific Day Segment
33. morning
Mañana
Temporal Noun + Pre-Meridian Period = Specific Day Segment
34. night
Noche
Temporal Noun + Nocturnal Period = Specific Day Segment
35. morning (duplicate)
Mañana
Temporal Noun + Pre-Meridian Period = Specific Day Segment
36. evening
Atardecer
Temporal Noun + Transition to Night = Twilight Period
37. noon
Mediodía
Temporal Noun + 12:00 PM = Meridional Point
38. midnight
Medianoche
Temporal Noun + 12:00 AM = Anti-Meridional Point
39. hour
Hora
Temporal Unit + 60 Minutes = Chronological Increment
40. minute
Minuto
Temporal Unit + 60 Seconds = Chronological Increment
41. second
Segundo
Temporal Unit + SI Base Unit = Fundamental Time Increment
42. day
Día
Temporal Unit + 24 Hours = Rotational Cycle
43. week
Semana
Temporal Unit + 7 Days = Cyclic Sequence
44. month
Mes
Temporal Unit + ~30 Days = Lunar/Calendar Segment
45. year
Año
Temporal Unit + 365 Days = Orbital Cycle
46. yesterday
Ayer
Temporal Adverb + Previous Day = Past Coordinate
47. today
Hoy
Temporal Adverb + Current Day = Present Coordinate
48. tomorrow
Mañana
Temporal Adverb + Following Day = Future Coordinate
49. Monday
Lunes
Proper Noun + Day 1 = Weekly Sequence
50. Tuesday
Martes
Proper Noun + Day 2 = Weekly Sequence
51. Wednesday
Miércoles
Proper Noun + Day 3 = Weekly Sequence
52. Thursday
Jueves
Proper Noun + Day 4 = Weekly Sequence
53. Friday
Viernes
Proper Noun + Day 5 = Weekly Sequence
54. Saturday
Sábado
Proper Noun + Day 6 = Weekly Sequence
55. Sunday
Domingo
Proper Noun + Day 7 = Weekly Sequence
56. woman
Mujer
Noun + Adult Female = Biological/Social Identity
57. man
Hombre
Noun + Adult Male = Biological/Social Identity
58. love
Amor
Noun + Affective State = Emotional Concept
59. boyfriend
Novio
Noun + Masculine Partner = Romantic Relationship
60. girlfriend
Novia
Noun + Feminine Partner = Romantic Relationship
61. friend
Amigo
Noun + Platonic Peer (Masculine) = Social Connection
62. kiss
Beso
Noun + Labial Contact = Physical Affection
63. sex
Sexo
Noun + Biological/Physical Act = Reproductive/Intimate Concept
64. child
Niño
Noun + Pre-Adolescent (Masculine) = Developmental Stage
65. girl
Niña
Noun + Pre-Adolescent (Feminine) = Developmental Stage
66. boy
Niño
Noun + Pre-Adolescent (Masculine) = Developmental Stage
67. mum
Mamá
Noun + Maternal Informal = Familial Referent
68. dad
Papá
Noun + Paternal Informal = Familial Referent
69. mother
Madre
Noun + Maternal Formal = Biological Origin
70. father
Padre
Noun + Paternal Formal = Biological Origin
71. parents
Padres
Noun + Plural Collective = Parental Units
72. son
Hijo
Noun + Male Offspring = Filial Relation
73. daughter
Hija
Noun + Female Offspring = Filial Relation
74. little sister
Hermana menor
Noun + Adjective (Age) = Younger Sibling (Feminine)
75. little brother
Hermano menor
Noun + Adjective (Age) = Younger Sibling (Masculine)
76. big sister
Hermana mayor
Noun + Adjective (Age) = Older Sibling (Feminine)
77. big brother
Hermano mayor
Noun + Adjective (Age) = Older Sibling (Masculine)
78. husband
Esposo
Noun + Male Spouse = Marital Relation
79. wife
Esposa
Noun + Female Spouse = Marital Relation
80. every
Cada
Determiner + Individual Distribution = Distributive Quantifier
81. always
Siempre
Adverb + Infinite Frequency = Temporal Constancy
82. actually
De hecho
Prepositional Phrase + Reality = Clarification Marker
83. again
Otra vez
Adjective + Noun (Frequency) = Iterative Action
84. already
Ya
Adverb + Completion = Aspectual Marker
85. less
Menos
Comparative Adverb + Reduction = Negative Degree
86. most
La mayoría
Noun Phrase + Superlative = Maximum Portion
87. more
Más
Comparative Adverb + Addition = Positive Degree
88. none
Nada
Pronoun + Null Quantity = Universal Negation
89. very
Muy
Adverb + Intensity = Degree Modifier
90. outside
Afuera
Adverb + External Location = Spatial Boundary
91. inside
Adentro
Adverb + Internal Location = Spatial Boundary
92. far
Lejos
Adverb + Great Distance = Spatial Coordinate
93. close
Cerca
Adverb + Short Distance = Spatial Coordinate
94. below
Abajo
Adverb + Lower Position = Vertical Coordinate
95. above
Arriba
Adverb + Higher Position = Vertical Coordinate
96. beside
Al lado
Prepositional Phrase + Lateral Position = Proximity Marker
97. front
Frente
Noun + Anterior Position = Spatial Orientation
98. back
Atrás
Adverb + Posterior Position = Spatial Orientation
99. everybody
Todos
Pronoun + Collective Humanity = Universal Human Set
100. together
Juntos
Adjective + Collective Mode = Unified State
101. other
Otro
Determiner + Difference/Addition = Alternative Referent
102. spring
Primavera
Noun + Seasonal Period = Vernal Cycle
103. summer
Verano
Noun + Seasonal Period = Estival Cycle
104. autumn
Otoño
Noun + Seasonal Period = Autumnal Cycle
105. winter
Invierno
Noun + Seasonal Period = Hibernal Cycle
106. January
Enero
Proper Noun + Month 01 = Calendar Sequence
107. February
Febrero
Proper Noun + Month 02 = Calendar Sequence
108. March
Marzo
Proper Noun + Month 03 = Calendar Sequence
109. April
Abril
Proper Noun + Month 04 = Calendar Sequence
110. May
Mayo
Proper Noun + Month 05 = Calendar Sequence
111. June
Junio
Proper Noun + Month 06 = Calendar Sequence
112. July
Julio
Proper Noun + Month 07 = Calendar Sequence
113. August
Agosto
Proper Noun + Month 08 = Calendar Sequence
114. September
Septiembre
Proper Noun + Month 09 = Calendar Sequence
115. October
Octubre
Proper Noun + Month 10 = Calendar Sequence
116. November
Noviembre
Proper Noun + Month 11 = Calendar Sequence
117. December
Diciembre
Proper Noun + Month 12 = Calendar Sequence
118. north
Norte
Noun + Cardinal Point = Geographic Vector
119. east
Este
Noun + Cardinal Point = Geographic Vector
120. south
Sur
Noun + Cardinal Point = Geographic Vector
121. west
Oeste
Noun + Cardinal Point = Geographic Vector
122. often
A menudo
Prepositional Phrase + Frequency = Temporal Density
123. immediately
Inmediatamente
Adjective + Adverbial Suffix (-mente) = Zero Latency Action
124. suddenly
De repente
Prepositional Phrase + Abruptness = Unexpected Action
125. although
Aunque
Concessive Conjunction + Contrast = Conditional Limitation
January arrives with a very sharp frost, marking the year and the winter season. He wakes early, actually before the first second of dawn, as he prepares for a journey toward the north. He looks at his wife and son, who sleep beside him inside the warm house. Although the air outside feels bitter, he knows he must leave now. She stirs, a woman of strength, and gives him a kiss before he steps toward the front door. It is Monday, the start of a long week, and he feels more resolve than ever.
Enero llega con una helada muy aguda, marcando el año y la estación de invierno. Él se despierta temprano, realmente antes del primer segundo del alba, mientras se prepara para un viaje hacia el norte. Él mira a su esposa e hijo, quienes duermen al lado de él dentro de la cálida casa. Aunque el aire afuera se siente amargo, él sabe que debe irse ahora. Ella se agita, una mujer de fortaleza, y le da un beso antes de que él salga hacia la puerta delantera. Es lunes, el comienzo de una larga semana, y él siente más determinación que nunca.
By noon, the sun sits above the horizon as he travels south. He meets his friend, a man who acts as a guide, and together they navigate the right and left turns of the mountain pass. They discuss what matters most: family and love. The guide mentions his girlfriend, while the protagonist thinks of his mother, father, and parents back home. Why do we strive? Because every child, boy, or girl, deserves a future. They eat already prepared rations here, near a stream that flows east.
Al mediodía, el sol se sitúa arriba del horizonte mientras él viaja hacia el sur. Él se encuentra con su amigo, un hombre que actúa como guía, y juntos ellos navegan los giros a la derecha e izquierda del paso de montaña. Ellos discuten qué importa más: la familia y el amor. El guía menciona a su novia, mientras el protagonista piensa en su madre, padre y padres en casa. ¿Por qué nosotros nos esforzamos? Porque cada niño, niño o niña, merece un futuro. Ellos comen raciones ya preparadas aquí, cerca de un arroyo que fluye hacia el este.
Time accelerates; February, March, April, and May bring spring blooms. June, July, and August represent the heat of summer. September, October, and November introduce autumn. By a Tuesday afternoon in June, the traveler reaches the west coast. Suddenly, he encounters his big brother and little sister. They have not seen each other since yesterday, or so it feels, but actually, a full month passed. How did the time vanish? Often, an hour or minute feels like a day when far from home, but close in spirit.
El tiempo se acelera; febrero, marzo, abril y mayo traen flores de primavera. Junio, julio y agosto representan el calor del verano. septiembre, octubre y noviembre introducen el otoño. Para una tarde de martes en junio, el viajero llega a la costa oeste. De repente, se encuentra con su hermano mayor y hermana pequeña. Ellos no se han visto desde ayer, o eso parece, pero en realidad, pasó un mes completo. ¿Cómo se desvaneció el tiempo? A menudo, una hora o minuto se siente como un día cuando se está lejos de casa, pero cerca en espíritu.
On Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and finally Sunday, the cycle nears its end. At midnight, the protagonist stands there, looking at the stars above. He reflects on his big sister, little brother, daughter, and husband—the other members of his kin. If everybody returns today, or tomorrow, the circle completes. Sex, life, and death are all part of the this and that of existence. Where then is the destination? It is right behind him, where he started. Immediately, he turns back. Already, he is home again. None are left outside.
El miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado y finalmente domingo, el ciclo se acerca a su fin. A medianoche, el protagonista se para allí, mirando las estrellas arriba. Él reflexiona sobre su hermana mayor, hermano pequeño, hija y esposo—los otros miembros de su parentela. Si todos regresan hoy, o mañana, el círculo se completa. El sexo, la vida y la muerte son todo parte de esto y aquello de la existencia. ¿Dónde entonces está el destino? Está justo detrás de él, donde comenzó. Inmediatamente, él se vuelve hacia atrás. Ya, él está en casa otra vez. Ninguno queda afuera.
The High Altitude New Year
Raul: I drove west to reach this cabin today, and you arrived from the east, yet we are here together inside while it is very cold outside.
Raul: Yo conduje al oeste para llegar a esta cabaña hoy, y tú llegaste del este, pero nosotros estamos aquí juntos adentro mientras hace mucho frío afuera.
Mateo: Actually, I looked above at the north stars yesterday night; they were close, but now the afternoon sun is below the peak.
Mateo: De hecho, yo miré arriba a las estrellas del norte ayer por la noche; ellas estaban cerca, pero ahora el sol de la tarde está debajo de la cima.
Sofia: Where is the rest? If that man is there, then who is on the left or the right in front of the back door?
Sofia: ¿Dónde está el resto? Si ese hombre está allí, entonces ¿quién está a la izquierda o a la derecha en frente de la puerta de atrás?
Raul: Every friend, boyfriend, and girlfriend is coming; she is my wife, and he is my husband, so everybody is actually already here.
Raul: Cada amigo, novio y novia viene; ella es mi esposa, y él es mi marido, así que todos realmente ya están aquí.
Mateo: My parents, mother, father, mum, and dad brought my son, daughter, child, boy, and girl to meet their little sister and big brother.
Mateo: Mis padres, madre, padre, mamá y papá trajeron a mi hijo, hija, niño, niño y niña para conocer a su hermanita y hermano mayor.
Sofia: Is your little brother or big sister the woman who gave a kiss to the other guest? How often do they express love?
Sofia: ¿Es tu hermanito o hermana mayor la mujer que le dio un beso al otro invitado? ¿Qué tan seguido ellos expresan amor?
Raul: From January, February, March, and April, through May, June, July, and August, to September, October, November, and December, the year passed in a second.
Raul: Desde enero, febrero, marzo y abril, pasando por mayo, junio, julio y agosto, hasta septiembre, octubre, noviembre y diciembre, el año pasó en un segundo.
Mateo: Each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday felt like a month during winter and autumn, though less so in spring and summer.
Mateo: Cada lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado y domingo se sintió como un mes durante el invierno y el otoño, aunque menos en primavera y verano.
Sofia: This week had a morning, noon, evening, and midnight where a minute or an hour changed what we knew tomorrow.
Sofia: Esta semana tuvo una mañana, mediodía, tarde y medianoche donde un minuto o una hora cambió lo que nosotros sabíamos de mañana.
Raul: Why is it more really beside the point if none are far? Although suddenly it is not about sex, but most about the soul.
Raul: ¿Por qué es más realmente al lado del punto si ninguno está lejos? Aunque de repente ello no se trata de sexo, sino más que nada del alma.
Mateo: Which path remains? South is the direction if we start again immediately, because the most important thing is not the end.
Mateo: ¿Cuál camino queda? El sur es la dirección si nosotros comenzamos de nuevo inmediatamente, porque lo más importante no es el final.
Sofia: When we realize why things happen, how we act is what defines us, because not every ending is a loss.
Sofia: Cuando nos damos cuenta de por qué pasan las cosas, cómo actuamos es lo que nos define, porque no cada final es una pérdida.