Banyan Tree

BANYAN TREE

Scientific Name: Ficus Benghalensis

Common Name: Banyan Tree (बरगद)

Family: Moraceae

       Uses

1.      Bark and aerial root extracts used in Ayurveda for treating diabetes, diarrhea, and skin diseases.               

2.      Aerial roots provide strong fibers used to make ropes.

3.      Traditionally planted in village squares as a meeting place, resting spot, or panchayat venue.

      Fun Facts

1.      The Great Banyan Tree in Kolkata (India) is over 250 years old and covers nearly 4.7 acres—it looks like a forest.

2.      Produces aerial prop roots that grow downward to form new trunks, allowing the tree to live for centuries.

Cultural Significance

Sacred in Hinduism, Buddhism & Jainism. Associated with Lord Shiva and Lord Krishna. Goddess Savitri and Lord Vishnu are believed to reside in the tree.

Ecological Role

1.      Shade & Cooling: Massive canopy provides deep shade and reduces heat in rural and urban settings

2.      Bird & Animal Habitat: Fruits (figs) feed birds, bats, squirrels, monkeys, and insects. Dense branches provide nesting sites for birds like owls, parakeets and mynas.

3.      Soil Fertility: Fallen leaves enrich soil with organic matter.

4.      Carbon Sequestration: Gigantic biomass captures huge amounts of CO₂, making it an excellent climate regulator