References

REFERENCES:

• Coballes, J. ; Tabao, M. ; Dela Cruz, H. (2023). Researching Pre-colonial Ibanag Culture. Research Gate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370322759_Researching_Pre-colonial_Ibanag_Culture

• Ibanag indigenous religious beliefs:  a study in culture and education / Marino Gatan. | The United States and its Territories, 1870 - 1925: The Age of Imperialism | University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. (n.d.). https://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/ars2505.0001.001/121?page=root&size=100&view=text

• The Ibanag Tribe of the Philippines: History, Culture, Customs and Tradition [Philippine Indigenous People | Ethnic Group]. (n.d.). yodisphere.com. https://www.yodisphere.com/2022/08/Ibanag-Tribe-Culture.html

• Aguilar, F. V. (2014). The Philippines: A past revisited. Ateneo de Manila University Press.

• Dela Cruz, L. G. (2015). Rituals and religion in the Ibanag community. Asian Studies Journal, 35(1), 111–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014227.2015.1041256

• Padilla, L. R. (2012). Language preservation and cultural identity among the Ibanag people: An ethnographic study. [Doctoral dissertation, University of the Philippines]. UP DSpace Repository. https://doi.org/10.1002/ethno.1056

• Reyes, M. D. (2021). The role of festivals in preserving Ibanag culture. Philippine Studies Review, 29(2), 82–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044731921993346

• Santos, E. T. (2018). Agricultural practices among the Ibanag people: Tradition and adaptation to modernity. Journal of Southeast Asian Anthropology, 42(3), 235–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/1234567890

• World Bank Group. (2024). Social Sustainability and Inclusion. No Data, No story, Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/099052324121538298/pdf/P50101011ca7790361ab3a1f75cbf185366.pdf

• Aragon, R. V. (n.d.). Province of Cagayan website : Arts. https://cagayano.tripod.com/arts/ibanagfolklit.html#:~:text=Ibanag%20folk%20literature%2C%20like%20any,and%20betterment%20of%20life%20style. 

• Gaite, M. G. (2016, September 12). Ybanag literature [Slide show]. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/ybanag-literature/65944505 

• Aragon, R. V. (n.d.). Province of Cagayan website :: Arts. https://cagayano.tripod.com/arts/poetry.html 

• Raquiño, G. (2019). Philipine Lit. Biuag and Malana analysis. www.academia.edu. https://www.academia.edu/38804431/Philipine_Lit_Biuag_and_Malana_Analysis#:~:text=Biuag%20and%20Malana%20are%20men,hand%20of%20the%20young%20lady. 

• Aragon, R. V. (n.d.). Province of Cagayan website :: Arts. https://cagayano.tripod.com/arts/maxims.html 

• Aragon, R. V. (n.d.). Province of Cagayan website :: Arts. https://cagayano.tripod.com/arts/riddles.html 

• Torres, A. (n.d.). Ibanag.pdf. Scribd. https://www.scribd.com/document/457808564/Ibanag-pdf 

• National Commission for Culture and the Arts. (2015, June 2). Cagayan Valley: The IBANAG - National Commission for Culture and the Arts. https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/northern-cultural-communities/cagayan-valley-the-ibanag/

• Coballes, Jan Karl Cagayan Indigenous Beliefs: Creatures of Ibanag Folklore

https://pia.gov.ph/cagayan-indigenous-beliefs-creatures-of-ibanag-folklore/#:~:text=Ibanag%20households%2C%20however%2C%20also%20reserve%20offerings%20of,ones%20or%20elemental%20deities%20of%20the%20earth.

• https://pia.gov.ph/cagayan-indigenous-beliefs-creatures-of-ibanag-folklore/#:~:text=Ibanag%20priest%20and%20scholar%2C%20Fr,when%20disciplining%20their%20misbehaving%20children.

• Ria Brogada 

https://www.scribd.com/document/452371663/Ibanag#:~:text=Sorsogon%20State%20College&text=lived%20in%20Northeastern%20provinces%20of%20Isabela%2C%20Cagayan%20and%20Nueva%20Vizcaya.&text=to%20make%20good%20bolos%2C%20and%20they%20engage%20in%20fishing%20and%20farming.&text=dramarization%20of%20the%20life%20of%20particular%20patron%20saint%20of%20a%20barangay.&text=families%2C%20relatives%20and%20friends%2C%20and,religious%20and%20kind%2Dhearted%20ones.&text=needs%20as%20a%20married%20couple.&text=Ukom%20or%20judge%20and%20a,and%20regulations%20of%20the%20community.&text=Practices%20are%20being%20done%20according%20to%20the%20situation.&text=occurred%20to%20the%20child%20a,%E2%80%9CMamalagun%E2%80%9D%20will%20be%20conducted.&text=sick%20child%20and%20the%20evil,the%20illness%20will%20be%20confused.&text=relative.,truth%20for%20the%20bereaved%20family.&text=fruit%20using%20a%20bolo.,-6.

• "Ibanag indigenous religious beliefs: a study in culture and education / Marino Gatan." In the digital collection The United States and its Territories, 1870 - 1925: The Age of Imperialism. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/ars2505.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 7, 2025.

https://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/ars2505.0001.001/35?page=root;print=1;size=100;view=text

• Gonzales, V. (n.d.). Cagayan indigenous beliefs: Creatures of Ibanag folklore. Philippine Information Agency. https://pia.gov.ph/cagayan-indigenous-beliefs-creatures-of-ibanag-folklore/

• Yodisphere. (2022, August 9). The Ibanag tribe and their culture. https://www.yodisphere.com/2022/08/Ibanag-Tribe-Culture.html

• Cagurangan, M. L. M. (2004, March). The prevailing beliefs and practices of the Ybanags as revealed in their folk literature.WordPress.com. https://httpstudentblog.wordpress.com/2017/03/09/unveiling-the-treasured-culture-of-ibanags/

• Repe, R. (2019, August 31). Ibanag. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/RosieRepe/ibanag

• Ibanag. (n.d.) California State University, East Bay. https://www.csueastbay.edu/museum/virtual-museum/the-philippines/peoples/ibanag.html

• Yodisphere. (2022, August). The Ibanag Tribe of the Philippines: History, Culture, Customs and Traditions. Retrieved from https://www.yodisphere.com/2022/08/Ibanag-Tribe-Culture.htmlYodisphere

• Scribd. (n.d.). The Ibanag Tribe of The Philippines. Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/678151412/The-Ibanag-Tribe-of-the-Philippines

• Yodisphere. (2022, August). The Ibanag Tribe of the Philippines: History, Culture, Customs and Traditions. Retrieved from https://www.yodisphere.com/2022/08/Ibanag-Tribe-Culture.html
  
  

• SlideShare. (n.d.). Ibanag. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/RosieRepe/ibanag

• Coballes, J. K. (2022, December 12). The Ibanag Language and Public Signages. PIA. https://mirror.pia.gov.ph/features/2022/12/12/the-ibanag-language-and-public-signages

• “Addressing Challenges through Modernization, Meeting Opportunities through Innovation” | NIA-CAR. (2025). Nia.gov.ph. https://car.nia.gov.ph/?q=content%2F%E2%80%9Caddressing-challenges-through-modernization-meeting-opportunities-through-innovation%E2%80%9D

• Coballes, J. K. (2016, March 1). THE IBANAG LANGUAGE AS MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION: An Assessment Of The Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education in Select Tuguegarao City Elementary Schools. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351832233_THE_IBANAG_LANGUAGE_AS_MEDIUM_OF_INSTRUCTION_An_Assessment_Of_The_Mother_Tongue-Based_Multilingual_Education_in_Select_Tuguegarao_City_Elementary_Schools?

• Jan Karl Coballes. (2021, June 27). An Ethnography of Ibanag Warfare and Weaponry Based on Spanish Colonial Records. ResearchGate; unknown. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352784219_An_Ethnography_of_Ibanag_Warfare_and_Weaponry_Based_on_Spanish_Colonial_Records

• Philippine Information Agency. (2023, September 29). Protecting the Ibanag language. https://mirror.pia.gov.ph/features/2023/09/29/protecting-the-ibanag-language

• Macalanda, M. (2020, October 18). Indigenous Peoples (IP) in Cagayan Valley: Their struggles and continuing challenges. ILPS Australia. https://ilpsaustralia.org/2020/10/18/indigenous-peoples-ip-in-cagayan-valley-their-struggles-and-continuing-challenges/

• International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (2008). Traditional livelihoods and Indigenous Peoples: Obstacles concerning access to justice. https://iwgia.org/images/publications/0663_English.pdf

• Folklore Earth. (n.d.). Ibanag mythology

 https://www.folklore.earth/culture/ibanag/