Geebung station opened on 1 March 1888 at the same time as the line. In 1917, the line was duplicated through the station from Northgate to Caboolture. The line was electrified on 23 April 1983. On 28 August 2000, an additional platform opened due to the addition of the third track from Northgate to Bald Hills. In June 2013, workers were drilling holes in the ground for the overpass and uncovered 50-million-year-old fossilized remains of a 5-metre crocodile as well as frogs, fish and plant fossils. In 2014, the level crossing was replaced by an overpass.
Geebung station was named after the homonymous suburb of Geebung which was named after the Geebung tree.
Geebung station itself has three platforms consisting of an island platform and a side platform. Platform 1 is for inbound services, platform 3 is for outbound services and platform 2 is for some afternoon and evening peak services.
Geebung station has four station entrances. Two are from the carpark on Morrisby Street and two are from Railway Parade.
Geebung station does have disability access.
There are bus stops nearby on Railway Parade and Newman Road serving nearby suburbs. The routes that serve Geebung are routes 325, 326, 327, 336 and 337.