Market Overview
The Africa in vitro diagnostics (IVD) market is steadily growing, driven by rising healthcare needs, increasing prevalence of chronic and infectious diseases, and a growing push for early diagnosis. In 2024, the Africa IVD market was valued at $1.33 billion and is projected to reach $1.70 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 3.1% from 2025 to 2032. This growth is underpinned by increasing healthcare expenditure, greater awareness of diagnostics, government initiatives to improve healthcare access, and a rising elderly population across the continent.
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Key Market Drivers
A major factor driving market expansion is the rising burden of chronic and infectious diseases. Conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases are increasingly common in Africa, now contributing to over one-third of all deaths in the region. According to WHO, about 24 million African adults had diabetes in 2022—a figure expected to more than double by 2045. Infections remain widespread too, with recurring outbreaks of diseases like Ebola and monkeypox. Between 2012 and 2022, the continent experienced a 63% increase in zoonotic disease outbreaks compared to the previous decade.
Government initiatives have also been instrumental in developing the continent’s healthcare infrastructure. Efforts to strengthen health systems are being backed by international support. In March 2024, the European Union launched three health-focused Team Europe Initiatives (TEIs) during the EU-AU Global Health Partnership, aiming to boost Africa’s public health institutes and digital health capabilities. These initiatives received €123 million in funding from the EU to be disbursed from 2022 to 2027.
Meanwhile, countries such as Kenya have received targeted funding for specific diseases. In June 2022, for example, the U.S. committed $345 million through PEPFAR to support HIV prevention and treatment in Kenya. Such initiatives are increasing the demand for IVD solutions to support disease monitoring and control.
Market Trends and Investments
With Africa’s healthcare infrastructure still developing, IVD manufacturers are actively investing in the region, recognizing its long-term potential. In September 2023, Genrui Biotech from China opened its first overseas IVD reagent factory in Tanzania. The facility aims to support local production and meet increasing regional demand.
Likewise, in December 2021, Helios Investment Partners—a U.K.-based private equity firm—acquired a majority stake in MedTech Group companies in Morocco, which specialize in diagnostics, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices. These strategic investments point to a growing confidence among international players in Africa’s IVD market potential.
Awareness and Early Diagnosis
One of the emerging opportunities in the market is the increased public awareness around early diagnosis. As non-communicable diseases like diabetes become more common, there is a greater push from both the public and private sectors to encourage early screening and diagnostics. For instance, only 46% of people with diabetes in Africa are aware of their condition—highlighting a critical need for improved testing access.
Collaborations such as the Africa Collaborative Initiative to Advance Diagnostics, led by the Africa CDC and ASLM, aim to overcome systemic challenges and strengthen diagnostics access across the region. These efforts are vital to preventing late-stage diagnoses and reducing mortality rates.
Market Segmentation: Key Findings
By Offering: Reagents & Kits Dominate
In 2024, reagents and kits are expected to hold the largest share of the IVD market in Africa—around 83.1%. Their dominance is largely due to their repeated use in routine diagnostic procedures, especially for infectious and chronic diseases. These include test kits for diseases like HIV, malaria, COVID-19, and influenza.
This segment is also projected to grow at the highest CAGR (3.3%) during the forecast period. The demand is driven by increasing test volumes, particularly for rapid and point-of-care diagnostics that use kits to deliver fast results.
By Technology: Immunoassay Leads, Molecular Diagnostics Rising
Immunoassay/immunochemistry technologies hold the largest market share (34.5%) in 2024, due to their accuracy, affordability, and widespread application. These technologies are critical for detecting diseases using biomarkers and are favored for their efficiency and compatibility with automated systems like ELISA.
However, molecular diagnostics are expected to grow the fastest (3.8% CAGR). This is due to the rising need for precision diagnostics, particularly in infectious disease detection. Africa CDC’s new initiatives, such as the Integrated Genomic Surveillance (IGS) and DETECT projects, co-funded by the EU, are also expected to support capacity-building in molecular diagnostics and genomic surveillance across Africa.
By Application: Infectious Diseases at the Forefront
When segmented by application, infectious diseases account for the largest share in 2024. The high prevalence of diseases like HIV, dengue, and tuberculosis has long driven demand for diagnostic tests across the region. Low-cost, rapid testing kits are increasingly being adopted in resource-limited settings to provide fast and accessible testing.
Although infectious diseases lead the market, the cardiology segment is expected to grow the fastest through 2031. Rising cardiovascular disease rates and the emergence of point-of-care cardiac testing are increasing demand in this area. Healthcare professionals are adopting quicker and more accurate diagnostic tools, aiding early detection and treatment.
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By Diagnostic Approach: Laboratory Testing Holds Majority Share
Laboratory testing remains the most widely used diagnostic approach in Africa, primarily due to its accuracy and reliability. Countries like Egypt, Nigeria, and South Africa are receiving significant investments in diagnostic infrastructure. For example, Egypt received over $100 million in diagnostic-related deals in 2023 alone.
Nevertheless, point-of-care testing (POCT) is growing faster due to its affordability and speed. Diseases like HIV, hepatitis, and syphilis benefit significantly from POCT, which is well-suited for Africa’s diverse and often rural healthcare settings. In February 2022, Siemens Healthineers partnered with UNICEF to optimize POCT networks, expanding access in underserved areas.
By End User: Hospitals & Clinics Lead
In 2024, hospitals and clinics are expected to account for the largest portion of the market. The growth of this segment is driven by increasing hospital visits due to infectious disease outbreaks and rising chronic disease diagnoses. Hospital infrastructure is expanding rapidly, supported by both private and public investments. One notable example is the $400 million investment in Roha Medical Campus, a major hospital complex in Africa backed by U.S. investors, scheduled to be operational by 2025.
The hospital segment is also expected to grow at the highest rate, owing to improved healthcare access, a growing number of facilities, and rising demand for reliable diagnostics.
Geographical Insights
Geographically, South Africa is the leading IVD market in Africa in 2024, with a market share of 30.4%. The country benefits from higher healthcare expenditure, better infrastructure, and a more advanced diagnostic ecosystem than many other African countries.
Moreover, South Africa is projected to grow at the highest CAGR of 3.9% from 2024 to 2031. The country's healthcare partnerships, international collaborations, and increased investments are expected to further boost its diagnostics market.
Key Companies in the Africa IVD Market
Several global and regional players are active in the African IVD market, focusing on expanding access to diagnostics and introducing innovative testing solutions. Major companies include:
· Abbott Laboratories (U.S.)
· Becton, Dickinson and Company (U.S.)
· bioMérieux SA (France)
· Danaher Corporation (U.S.)
· F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (Switzerland)
· QIAGEN N.V. (Netherlands)
· Siemens Healthineers AG (Germany)
· Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (U.S.)
· Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. (U.S.)
· Illumina, Inc. (U.S.)
· Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd (China)
These companies are involved in partnerships, product launches, and regional expansions. In 2024, Abbott received FDA approval for a rapid blood test to detect mild traumatic brain injuries. Similarly, Becton Dickinson partnered with Kenya’s National Cancer Institute to improve cancer diagnostics access for women.
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