Workflow

When patients arrive at the department, they must check in at the main desk.
Administrative personnel verify patient information, schedule appointments, and give any forms that are required.
Patients are given advice on how to prepare for their procedure, such as fasting or drinking water.

2.0. Patient Preparation for different modalities:

2.1. Nuclear Medicine Technology (Mayani & Basari, 2019).

Patients who have nuclear medicine procedures scheduled are directed to the nuclear medicine area.
Nuclear medicine technologists describe the process, address patient concerns, and, if necessary, gain informed consent.
A nuclear medicine technologist prepares radiotracers at the radio-pharmacy in the morning and dispenses them for administration when the time comes.
Depending on the technique, radiopharmaceuticals are administered to the patient via injection, ingestion, or inhalation in the injection cubicles
Patients are closely watched for any negative effects while waiting in the patient waiting area for their scanning time.
Patients then change in the toilets or gamma camera SPECT/CT room prior to scan, taking into consideration their privacy.
Gamma cameras or SPECT/CT equipment are used to position patients while images of the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in the body are taken.
After scan they go back to the waiting room, awaiting the for further instructions from the doctors

2.2. Sonography (Li, 2013).

The ultrasound suite is where patients who have appointments for ultrasound exams are taken
By revealing the target area (such as the abdomen or pelvis), ultrasound technicians can better explain the operation to patients and get them ready.
To transfer sound waves more easily, gel is placed to the skin. The tech utilizes an ultrasound probe to take real-time images.
To visualize various structures, the technologist modifies the settings and, if necessary, takes measurements.
Patients are given tissue wipes to use after the ultrasound exam to remove the gel.

2.3. Diagnostic Radiography (Mariani et al., 2006).

Patients who are scheduled for X-rays or other radiographic procedures are directed to the radiography section.
A diagnostic radiographer will then explain the procedure to promote patient comfort, and aid with optimal placement to produce reliable images.
To reduce radiation exposure to the patient and technician, lead aprons and shields are given.
Technologists use X-ray equipment to capture images, assuring proper exposure settings and image quality.

2.4. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (Durant et al., 2015)

Preparation - The patient changes and removes any metallic items.
Screening - Examine medical history and compatibility.
Positioning - The patient is positioned in the scanner on an MRI table.
Coil Placement (If necessary) - Special coils positioned to improve image quality.
Data Acquisition - Signals are generated by magnetic fields and radio waves.
Image Sequences - Different image sequences capture different tissue qualities.
Image Reconstruction - Converting raw data into detailed pictures (Durand et al., 2015).
Review - A radiologist examines photos for irregularities.
Diagnosis - The report of a radiologist informs treatment decisions.
Post-Procedure - The patient continues his or her normal activities.

3. Instructions for After the Procedure (Montagnon et al., 2020).

Patients are given any appropriate post-procedure instructions or restrictions following the operations.
Patients are given information on when and how to expect their results.
Based on the results, patients may be urged to consult with their referring physician for further advice.

4. Image Analysis and Reporting (Ranschaert et al., 2021).

All procedures' images and data are sent to the reporting rooms for processing and interpretation.
Nuclear medicine scans are analyzed by nuclear medicine physicians or radiologists in the reporting room, who write reports based on their findings.
Ultrasound images are processed and reviewed by ultrasound technologists, who provide reports with their interpretations in the reporting room.
Radiologic technologists evaluate diagnostic radiography images, which are then evaluated by radiologists, who provide diagnostic insights.

5. Results Delivery (Ranschaert et al., 2021).

Reports are sent to recommending doctors, who can then discuss the results and next steps with the patients.
Urgent or critical results are conveyed to referring physicians as soon as possible to ensure proper patient care.

6. Patients will exit the department through the exit door (preferable) or the entrance door

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