Embedded Files
Learning Objective/s:
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
Analyze a poem with four stanzas or more stanzas in terms of elements (rhyme, sound devices, imagery, and figurative language).
Identify the elements of poetry.
Success Criteria
The learners are able to:
Make a simple sentence for each of the elements of poetry.
Make a simple poem highlighting the terms of elements of poetry.
Discussions
Some people are afraid of shadows because they are dark and mysterious. But they can also be fun and amusing. Now, read the classic poem by Scottish poet Robert Louis Stevenson about his shadow.
Comprehension Check:
Answer each question about the poem you read.
Why does the shadow not grow like proper children?
Why did the poet call his shadow a coward?
How does the shadow behave very early in the morning?
What is the use of the poet's shadow?
Does the poet like his shadow? Why do you think so?
Comprehension Skill: Elements of Poetry
Poetry is a form literary writing that expresses the writer's views and feelings in verse form and figurative language.
Elements of Poetry
Rhyme is the agreement of vowel or consonant sound of words, usually at the end of a line. Rhyming words are pleasant to the ears as they give a kind of balance to the lines that end with similar-sounding words.
Imagery is the use of creative expressions to appeal to the physical sense of sight, smell, sound, taste, and touch. A way to present to the readers so they could sense or at least imagine the sensory experience.
Figures of Speech:
A figure of speech, according to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, is defined as “a word or phrase used in a different way from its usual meaning in order to create a particular mental picture or effect.” The Cambridge Dictionary defines a figure of speech as “an expression that uses words to mean something different from their ordinary meaning.” According to the Collins Dictionary, a figure of speech is “an expression or word that is used with a metaphorical rather than a literal meaning.”
Simile is a figure of speech that compares two unlike things using the words “like” or “as.” A simile is a literary device that directly compares two things to show the similarities between the two. Common similes include the descriptive phrases “cool as a cucumber,” “cold as ice,” “sly like a fox", "as brave as a lion."
Metaphor is a figure of speech that is used to make a comparison, but in a way different from a simile. Instead, it makes the description of an object look as if it was literally true. In other words, it can be said that a metaphor is an implied comparison.
Here are the most common metaphors used in everyday life:
Life is a race and we never realise that we are running towards nothing!
He is the light of my life.
For this whole year, this room has become my prison.
Love is a fine wine!
My heart's a stereo and it beats for you!
She is happy as a clam.
The biggest difference is that a simile will include the words "like" or 'as', while a metaphor will directly compare two different things:
Simile: She is as kind as an angel.
Metaphor: She is an angel.
Simile: Love is like a battlefield.
Metaphor: Love is a battlefield.
Personification is a figure of speech that is used to attribute human characteristics to something that is not human. It can also be used to personify an abstract quality.
Common Personification Examples:
Lightning danced across the sky.
The wind howled in the night.
The car complained as the key was roughly turned in its ignition.
Rita heard the last piece of pie calling her name.
My alarm clock yells at me to get out of bed every morning.
Activity: Poetry Scavenger Hunt
Objective: To help students identify and understand various elements of poetry within different poems.
Materials Needed:
Printed copies of various poems (enough for small groups or pairs of students)
Worksheets with questions or prompts related to different elements of poetry (e.g., imagery, rhyme scheme, figurative language, tone, etc.)
CROSS - CURRICULAR
Social Studies - historical analysis, critical thinking, understanding context
Assessment
Directions:
A. Highlight or circle the objects being compared or the object being personified in each sentence.
B. Then, circle the answer that correctly identifies the figurative language used in the sentence.
1. His life was an open book.
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
2. “My love is like a red, red rose . . . “ (Robert Burns)
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
3. The dry leaves gathered in groups, chattering happily.
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
4. “I wandered lonely as a cloud . . .” (William Wordsworth)
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
5. The train pulled itself up the mountain and screamed once it reached the top.
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
6. The blank page stared up at me, daring me to sit down and write something.
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
7. The herd of approaching elephants sounded like rolling thunder
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
8. Her temper was as explosive as a bomb.
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
9. Your smile is sunshine to me.
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
10. Mom! The T.V. begged me to watch it!
a. Simile
b. Metaphor
c. Personification
Create your own (Make sure there is a clear comparison. Adding detail after the example can help prove the comparison. Example: He is a pig, because he never cleans his room!)
Simile: ________________________________________________________________________________________
Metaphor: ____________________________________________________________________________________
Personification: ______________________________________________________________________________
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