Synonym: Methi
Biological source: It consist of seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum is an annual plant.
Family: Fabaceae
Geographical source: It is widely distributed in India.
Macroscopic characters:
Colour: Yellowish brown-light brown
Odour: characteristic spicy
Taste: Bitter and mucilaginous
Size: Seeds 3 to 5 mm long, 2 mm thick. Hard, pebble-like.
Shape: Solid- rhomboidal
Chemical constituents:
Alkaloids:
Trigonelline, Trimethylamine, Neurin, Choline, Gentianine, Carpaine and Betain.
Amino acids:
Isoleucine, 4-Hydroxyisoleucine, Histidine, Leucine, lysine, L-tryptophan, Argenine.
Saponins:
Graecunins, fenugrin B, fenugreekine, trigofoenosides A-G.
Steroidal sapinogens:
Yamogenin, diosgenin, smilagenin, sarsasapogenin, tigogenin, neotigogenin, gitogenin, neogitogenin, yuccagenin, saponaretin.
Flavonoids:
Quercetin, rutin, vetixin isovetixin.
Fibers:
Gum, neutral detergent. Fiber
Other:
Coumarin, lipids, vitamins, minerals. 28%
Uses:
Antidiabetic activity,
Antispasmodic activity,
Hypolipidemic activity,
Immunological activity,
Antibacterial activity,
Anthelmintic activity,
Anti-inflammatory
Analgesic activity,
Antioxidant activity.
References:
1. Trease D. & Evans W.C.: Text Book of Pharmacognosy: W.B. Saunders.
2. Tyler V. E. Brady L. R. & Robbers J. E.: Pharmacognosy; Lea Feibger, USA.
3. Wallis T. E.; Text Book of Pharmacognosy; CBS Publishers, Delhi.
4. Kokate C. K., Purohit A. P. & Gokhale S. B.: Pharmacognosy; Nirali Publications, Pune.
5. Harbone J. B.: Phytochemical Methods: A guide to modern techniques Analysis: Chapman & Hall, London.
6. Bruneton J.: Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants: Intercept Limited.