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Simple and Compound Leaf :
· Simple Leaf – A leaf which may be incised to any depth, but not down to the midrib or petiole, then this type of leaf called simple leaf.
eg. Mango, Chinarose, Ficus, etc.
· Compound leaf – A leaf in which the leaf blade is incised up to the midrib or petiole, thus dividing it into several small parts, known as leaflets. This type of leaf is known as compound leaf.
It is of two types –
· Pinnately compound leaf – In this type of leaf mid rib is known as rachis. Leaflets are arranged on both sides of rachis. eg. Neem. It is of following types -
✧ Unipinnate – In this type of leaf, division occurs only once and leaflets are directly attached on both sides of rachis.
· If the number of leaflet is even, then leaf is known as paripinnate. eg. Cassia fistula, Sesbania
· If the number of leaflet is odd, it is known as imparipinnate. eg. Rose, Neem.
✧ Bipinnate – A twice pinnate compound leaf eg. Acacia, Gulmohar, Mimosa.
✧ Tripinnate – A thrice pinnate compound leaf eg. Moringa.
✧ Decompound – A compound leaf, which is more than thrice pinnate. eg. Carrot, Coriander.
· Palmate compound leaf – In this type incision of leaf are directed from leaf margin to apex of petiole and all leaflets are attached on the upper end of petiole.
It is of following types -
✧ Unifoliate – When single leaflet is found. eg. Lemon
✧ Bifoliate – When two leaflets are present. eg. Bauhinia, Regnelidium, Bignonia.
✧ Trifoliate – When three leaflets are attached. eg. Oxalis, Aegle, Trifolium
✧ Tetrafoliate – When four leaflets are attached to the petiole. eg. Marsilea.
✧ Multifoliate – when more than four leaflet are found, then leaf is called multifoliate palmate compound leaf.
eg. Silkcotton.
✧ Multifoliate - It is of following type –
Alternate or spiral – Single leaf arising at each node. eg. Cyprus rotandus, Chinarose, mustard & Sunflower,.
Opposite – Leaves occuring in pairs at the node,
Surface of the leaves.
Glabrous (free from hairs)
Pubescent (hairy);
Hispid (with rough hairs),
Hirsute (with long distinct hairs) or
with glandular hairs; Punctate (dotted with oil glands).
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