Cardiac Anatomy & Examination of Specimens (Yagel03)
Morphologically Right Atrium
-Parts:
-Venous Component
-Vestibule
-Septum
-Appendage
-External Wall:
-Venous component = sinus venarum cavarum (posterior part) - receive the SVC & IVC & CS
-Appendage = anterior part- extends fwd and surrounds the R wall of Ao
-broad, triangle shape; connected to smooth walled venous part , w a prominent crest w pectinate muscles
-TV ostium points diagonally to the R and is the base of the vestibule
-smooth walled ostium, w leaflets attached to its edge
-Terminal Crest- runs laterally, forming connection bn venous component and the RAA
-emerges fr the ant part of septal surface, then curves in front of the orifice of the SVC
-SVC- in the roof of RA, enters RA bn terminal crest and sup rom of FO
-IVC and CS separated from RAA by fibrous structures that become the Eustachian and Thebesian valves…
-sometimes Eustachian valve can form a network w many fenestrations = Chiari network
-Tendon of Todaro- a continaton of the venous valves
-Triangle bn ToT and AV vlv and CS orifice is where AV conduction is w AV nd; septal surface is floor of the FO and AV septum
-CS opens above teh posterior interventricular groove, into RA
Morphologically Left Atrium
-most posterior chamber
-Parts:
-Venosus part
-Septal Surface
-Vestibule
-Appendage
-4 Pvns to the venous part at the top, much larger than the LAA
-septal surface of LA is angled, uneven and consists of the LA surface of the FO. The valve overlaps the surrounding atrial wall (the septum secundum) from above)
-smooth surface of the vestibule, w MV elaflets attahed to it.
-Less pronounced pectinate muscles compared to RA, don't prject into the body of the LA, and dont extend into AV jct
-LAA- tubular, hooked shape
-grooves at the edge, partly surrounds the PA
-no crest as it connects to body of LA, unlike the RA
-finer trabeculations
Morphologically Right Ventricle
-Parts
-Inlet
-Apical Trabecular
-Outlet
-Inlet- surround and support TV apparatus which extends dorsally to the crux cordis
-TV leaflets- septal, ant-sup, and inf position
-+tendinous cords at TV, which fix the septal leaflet to the IVS
-The attachment of the papilary muscles to the leaflets forms the border bn the Inlet and trabecular part of the RV (trabecular zone)
-Course trabeculations in RV
-Inlet & Outlet parts are separated by a muscular band the crista supraventricularis
-Outlet component = infundibulum of RV = smoother than trabecular part
-PV - 3 leaflets, completely attached to the muscular infundibulum
-Post wall of infundib is separated fr Ao by extracardiac space
Morphologically Left Ventricle
-Parts:
-Inlet
-Apical Trabecular
-Outlet
-Inlet contains/surrounds MV
-MV- anterior aka aortic leaflet and a posterior aka mural leaflet, separated fr each other by the ant-lat and post-med commissures
-the 2 MV leaflets are connected to 2 groups of pap muscles, in the PM and Al position, bellow teh commisures
-no IVS attachments of cords…
-Trabecular part of LV - from pap muscle origins to the apex, w criss crossed trabeculations
-Inlet and Outlet form an acute angle, separated by the anterior mitral valve leaflet
-Outlet- contains the Ao vlv; made of muscular and fibrous tissue
-Dorsally the outlet is incomplete, so there is mitral and Ao connection w fibrous tissue
-Ao vlv- 3 semilunar leaflets- R cor, L cor, and noncoronary leaflets
Interventricular Septum
-Muscular Septum- Inlet, Apical, Outlet parts
-RV inlet side is borderd by cordal attachments of TV
-LV side connected w the dorsal end of smooth walled septum…
-Outlet component of septum lies elow the distal part of the infundibulum, separating the outlet paths of RV and LV…
-Membranous septum- connects inlet, apical, and outlet muscular septum…
Aorta
-emerges fr behind PA fr the conus arteriosus of the LV, then goes to the right intrapericardially…, yield cor arts..
Pulmonary Trunk-emerges fr RV consus arteriosus, …
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