Ziad Nasreddine
2005, MoCA Test Inc.
Standardized, norm-referenced
Free but requires training to be certified to administer. PDF copies are free to download when certified but an editable version is available through the MoCA app which costs $20/month
Stroke
Parkinson's Disease
Older Adults and Geriatric Care
Non-Specific Patient Population
Neuromuscular Conditions
Alzheimer's Disease and Progressive Dementia
Mixed Populations
Mental Health
SNF, Acute, Inpatient, Post-Acute, Home Health, Mental Health, Memory Care, Public health
Understand how deficits cognitive functions may be impacting the client by testing cognitive domains in different attention concentration, executive functions, planning, abstract thinking, short term and long term memory, verbal fluency, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation.
This assessment can be used as a screening tool for Mild Cognitive Impairment.
10 minutes minimum to administer. Needs to be completed 1-on-1 with clinician and client. Can be completed in-person on paper and through telehealth using the MoCA App. Standard protocol is using specific prompts for each section of the test, allowing only one repetition of instructions, and having specific standards of scoring each section. The Delayed Recall section has a Memory Index Score (MIS) subtest for how many cues are required to help a person remember the words recalled or not.
(time to administer, group/individual, if there are subtests, can they be completed individually, are there specific instructions to ensure standardization, etc.)
training from the MoCA website and taking the test to be certified.
https://mocacognition.com/training-certification/
Clinicians, health professionals, researchers
Instructions Guide
Testing/Score Sheet
Writing Utensil
1 minute Timer
One point is given for every section that is answered correctly from the prompts and criteria. No points if the criteria is not met. The instructions and testing sheet show the amount of points allotted for each section.
A repetition of instructions are alowed once.
Alternating Trail Making 1 points for correct sequencing
Visuocontructional skills (cube) 1 point for copying a cube must be as accurate as possible with correct orientation.
Visuocontructional skills (clock) 1 point for contour (circle or square), 1 point numbers (with good spacing, all correct numbers, 1 point for hands with the correct size of minute and hour hand and showing 11:10.
Naming - 1 point for each animal identified correctly. Version 8.1 English has a lion, rhino, and camel. Some versions have different animals for cultural differences (i.e. MoCA-Philippines has an owl instead of a rhino).
Memory - Memorize and repeat a list of 5 words. No points because it will be recalled later
Attention -
Forward digit span - 1 point for repeating 5 numbers in forward order,
Backward Digit Span - 1 point for repeating 3 numbers in backwards order,
Vigilance - 1 point for less than 2 errors when tapping hand when hearing the letter "A" in a sequence of letters,
Serial 7s - subtract 7 from 100 continuously up to 65 - 1 point for 1 correct, 2 points for 2-3 correct, 3 points for 4-5 correct
Sentence repitition - repeat 2 sentences exactly as the test administrator says - 1 point for each sentence exactly repeated with no substitutions, omissions, and grammar errors
Verbal fluency - name as many words as you can that start with "F" in 1 minute - 1 point for 11 words or more that are not different verb forms of a word, proper nouns, or numbers
Abstraction - name how 2 words have in common - 1 point for each pair of words categorized correctly
Delayed recall - recall the 5 words previously said during the Memory section. 1 point for each recalled without a cue. This section has the MIS that uses the no cue section x 3, category section x 2, and the multiple choice cue as 1 point for a total of 15 points as a subtest.
Orientation - Say the correct date, year, month, place and city they are in. 1 point each said correctly.
Add up the scores up to 30 points total.
Normal Cognition 26-30
Mild Cognitive impairment 18-25
Moderate Cognitive impairment 10-17
Severe Cognitive impairment 0-9
Excellent Test/Retest reliability for people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's Disease within 35 days (Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 2020).
Excellent Test/Retest reliability for people with Parkinson's Disease in 133 days (Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 2020).
Concurrent Validity for Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment - Lower MoCA scores are concurrent with higher MMSE scores which requires conversion to associate the levels (Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 2020). Excellent correlations between MoCA and Dementia Rating Scale (correlation coefficient (r)=0.77, P<0.001) (Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 2020).
Good way of understanding a person's cognition level and to help screen for Mild Cognitive Impairment.
Easy to follow prompts and quick to administer.
May be better to test in the language of a person's first language due to cultural differences with certain questions as the Naming section may not have recognizable animals for some (i.e. using an owl instead of the rhinoceros in MoCA English Version 8.1
Nasreddine, Z. (2020). MoCA cognitive assessment version 8.1 English. MoCA Test Inc. www.mocacognition.com
Nasreddine, Z., Dominguez, J. & Dementia Study Group. (2011). Montreal cognitive assessment - Philippines
(MOCA-P) version 7.1. MoCA Test Inc. www.mocatest.org
MoCA Cognition. (2024). FAQ. MoCA Test Inc. https://mocacognition.com/faq/
Nasreddine, Z. (2017). Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Version 8.1 Administration and Scoring Instructions. MoCA Test Inc. www.mocacognition.com
Shirley Ryan AbilityLab. (2020, April 26). Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Shirley Ryan AbilityLab. https://www.sralab.org/rehabilitation-measures/montreal-cognitive-assessment