Well-designed greenway networks can be an integral part of urban ecosystems. These networks provide for our well-being through a variety of benefits that are categorized within the framework of ecosystem services. Included within this framework are provisioning services that directly meet human needs, cultural services that include non-material benefits, and regulating and supporting services.
Through strategic planning, greenway networks can provide a wide range of ecosystem services. As our underlying framework, these services explain why greenway networks are important and how they can be effective. Our goal is to analyze the current systems under this framework to identify how a future greenway network can support and enhance existing services and create new services where needed.
The following lists provide examples of a variety of ecosystem services that can be part of greenway networks.
Cultural services provide nonmaterial benefits
Recreation
Health and fitness
Aesthetics
Education
Historic and cultural resources
Social equity
Future development and economic prosperity
Provisioning services provide products from the ecosystem
Transportation
Food production
Fresh water
Fuel
Regulating services are benefits from ecosystem processes
Climate regulation
Flood control
Erosion control
Fire breaks
Pollination
Supporting services create necessary support for other services
Habitat provisioning
Water cycling
Nutrient cycling
Soil formation
Greenway networks are more than just providing recreational opportunities. They offer an abundance of benefits and services that enhance our well-being. When designing greenway networks, consideration of many ecosystem services should occur.