Kidney Stone Disease & Symptoms

Kidney stone is known as one of the most painful conditions there are. Here's how to prevent it and the types of treatment.

According to best Nephrologist in Delhi, Kidney stones are cured formations in the kidney or in urinary tract, resulting in the accumulation of existing crystals in the urine. Its presence may go unnoticed, with no symptoms, but it can also cause very severe pain that starts in the back and radiates to the abdomen towards the inguinal region. It is a pain that manifests itself in cramp, that is, with a peak of intense pain followed by some relief. In general, these seizures may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting and require medical and hospital care.

CAUSES

According to Kidney Specialist in Delhi, among the causes of kidney stone, it is important to note:

• Insufficient volume of urine, or supersaturated urine of salts;
• Large amounts of calcium, phosphates, oxalates, cystine, or lack of citrate;
• Metabolic disorders of uric acid or parathyroid gland;
• Anatomical changes;
• Obstruction of the urinary tract.

DIAGNOSIS

In addition to the clinical evidence (severe pain and signs of blood in the urine), kidney stone can be diagnosed by abdominal X-rays, ultrasound or excretory urography, a more specific examination of the urinary tract, says best Kidney Specialist in Delhi.

SYMPTOMS

According to Nephrologist in Gurgaon, the typical kidney stone symptom in the urine is an acute, unilateral, severe back pain that radiates to the front of the abdomen. In a few cases, patients are asymptomatic or little pain felt during passage of the calculation by ureters.

However, there are other symptoms that may be associated with kidney stones, such as:

• Vomiting and fever;
• Blood in the urine;
• Suspension or decrease of urinary flow;
• More frequent need to urinate;
• Urinary infections.

TREATMENT

Contrary to what was recommended in the past, excessive fluid intake should be avoided during crises. Too much fluid can increase urine pressure in the kidney and, consequently, increase pain, says Nephrologist in Noida. The treatments can be of several types:

• Medications may only be indicated by the doctor considering the cause of the formation of the stones. During crises, the use of powerful analgesics and anti-inflammatories to relieve the pain, which is extremely strong, almost unbearable, is indicated;
• Lithotripsy, that is, bombardment of the stones by shock waves aiming at the fragmentation of the calculation which makes its elimination through the urine easier;
• Percutaneous or endoscopic surgery: through the endoscope and through small holes, the calculation can be removed from the kidneys after their fragmentation;
• Ureteroscopy: by endoscopic means, it allows to remove the calculations located in the ureter.

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF KIDNEY STONES

• Drink lots of water regularly. Two to three litres per day. This is the most important measure to prevent kidney stones;
• Use a paper filter when you may be deleting a calculation. The analysis of its composition may guide the physician in choosing the most appropriate treatment;
• The use of pain medications should be prescribed by the physician. Some of them are not advisable for people with stomach problems or for pregnant women;
• Control the intake of foods rich in protein and calcium if the calculi are formed by excess uric acid or calcium;
• Do not self-medicate or diagnose. Seek medical attention, especially if you have severe pain in the back or abdomen and signs of blood in the urine.