The Master Shot is the video recording of a performance, event or scene, start to finish, from an angle that keeps all activity in shot. In performance scenarios it is usually either an Extra Long or a Long Shot, depending on how much overall space is occupied by the performance. It could even be a Mid Shot if the full action is restricted to a stationary instrumental piece played by either a single performer, or duet in close proximity for example. 

Establishing Shot - Establishes the environment where your content takes place. This could be the exterior of a building, a landscape, a cityscape, a drone shot, etc

Extreme Wide / Extreme Long Shot - Provides subject’s environmental context & scale. It is often still an environmental shot, but the subject will be present in the frame. The subject will often look small in comparison to the environment.

Wide / Long Shots take us closer to our subjects, but still feature a large amount of environmental context.

Full Shot - Full Body Shot. Concentrates on full body action. We see more detail in the movement and body of the subjects and the action begins to be more focused. We may not be able to see all subjects in the environment. 

Medium Shot - Increases audience relationship with Characters & Surroundings. Increased emotional connection, decreased environmental context. Action is focused on a smaller number of subjects. 

Close Up - Provides audience with more emotional Information, details and textures. Usually focuses on one subject, but can include more depending on the composition. The perspective of the audience begins to enter the personal space of the subject, can therefor cultivate physical empathy. 

Extreme Close Ups are not a proximity that we're used to perceiving with our eyes in person, so they can feel quite intense. They can enter into the macro realm when very close, which require specialist lenses or adapers in order to achieve. 

B-Roll: These shots temporarily cut away from the subject or action, to provide additional visual information about the setting or event. They also provide a useful editing tool.

I would always advise making time to acquire B-Roll on every shoot. 

Creative shot types are when you share a unique perspective with your audience. Think about reflections, frames within frames, unusual angles, unusual movements. 

Never be afraid to throw the rulebook completely out the window and have some fun with the camera.