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Shooting in Auto – Metering / Exposure Compensation
Under Exposed
Correct Exposure
Over Exposed
The camera's light meter works by reading the light levels of different elements of the image, and analysing the amount of light present from black to white.
The light meter is looking for an optimal 18% grey from the area of the image it is reading.
If the metering is set to Matrix / Evaluative Metering (Multiple), the meter will aim for an overall level of 18% grey from the whole image. If measured from the centre, or spot metering, the area of the image read will be smaller and the area of optimal exposure will be more accurate.
Your metering mode is particularly important if you're shooting in Automatic, as the camera will use the meter to determine the level of exposure required for the scene and will adjust the settings accordingly.
High contrast scenes or where there're high amounts of black or white are challenging for a light meter, and can result in your subject being over or under exposed in relation to their background.
In these incidences it's essential to apply exposure compensation to the settings. This will tell the meter to bring adjust the light levels to be brighter or darker as needed.
Another way to monitor the light levels of a scene is to check the histogram, if your camera has one.
The histogram will give you a breakdown of the amount light levels across the spectrum.
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