The Eye

Structures of The Eye

Cornea-A transparent coat that covers the colored iris.
Sclera-The supporting wall of the eyeball and the attachment point for extrinsic muscles of the eye.
Iris-A thin circular muscle that is the colored portion of the eyeball.
Pupil-The hole in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
Lens-A transparent and bi-convex structure that helps focus images on the retina.
Aqueous Humor-A watery fluid that sustains the lens and cornea.
Canal of Schlemm-The junction of the sclera and the cornea where the aqueous humor drains into.
Ciliary Body-They contain blood capillaries and secrete aqueous humor.

Suspensory Ligament- Attaches to the lens.
Hyaloid Canal-A narrow channel that runs through the vitreous body from the optic disc to the posterior aspect of the lens.
Vitreous Humor-Helps maintain the eyeball's shape and keep the retina attached to the choroid.
Retina- A nervous membrane in which light and images are received.
Choroid-Lines most of the internal surface of the sclera and is highly vascularized.
Forvea- A divot in the retina marks the area of the highest visual acuity.
Optic Nerve-Medial to the fovea, this area contains no rods or cones.

The eye has 6 extrinsic muscles that attach to the sclera of the eye. those muscles are,

The eye consists of 3 layers. Those layers are the fibrous tunic, the vascular tunic (Uvea), and the retina. The retina is also known as the nervous tunic.

Eyelids- Shade the eyes during sleep, protect the eyes from excessive light and foreign objects, and spread lubricating secretions over the eyeballs.
Conjunctiva-A thin protective mucous membrane.
Lacrimal Gland-Produces tears that drain into the nasal cavity.

A condition where the aqueous humor cannot exit the eye due to blockage cause by the Iris.

A condition where the lens of the eye is opaque. Causing eventual loss of vision.

Treatment for an inflammatory reaction caused by material trapped inside the Meiombian gland.

Surgical repair of an abnormal inversion of the eyelid causing irritation and pain.

Removal of a section of an Iris to treat Glaucoma.

A condition where there is an misalignment or deviation of the eye.

Surgical repair of a detached retina caused by vitreous humor passes through a retinal tear separating the retina from the choroid.

Procedure where a new communication pathway between the lacrimal sac and the nose is established because the nasolacrimal duct is obstructed.

Enucleation

Procedure where the entire globe is excised due to malignant neoplasm, penetrating wounds, or extensive damage to the eye.

Evisceration

Procedure where excision of the globe allows for retention of sclera and extrinsic muscles.

A procedure where there is a replacement of a cloudy or damage corneal tissue to correct vision.

Extracapsular Cataract Extraction

A procedure where the lens of the eye is replaced by an artificial one, to treat cataracts.

Repair of Traumatic Eyelid Laceration

Procedure performed on the eye due to blunt or penetrating trauma.

Lensectomy-A procedure where there is a removal of the eye’s crystalline lens due to the inability to visualize the eye's posterior cavity.

Vitrectomy

Intraocular procedure performed to remove blood from a vitreous hemorrhage due to a retinal tear.

Two types of procedures are performed in conjunction with a vitrectomy.

Sclerotomy- A surgical opening created in the outer tunic to insert the infusion cannula for excision of the vitreous.

Resource list

Frey, K. B. (2018). Surgical Technology For The Surgical Technologist (5th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. (2006). Principles Of Anatomy And Physiology (11th ed.). John Wiley & Sons INC

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