Earliest known recording as stated by Wikipedia by the Paramount Jubilee Singers in 1923.
Found a source by Alan Lomax: The folk songs of North America : in the English language
by Lomax, Alan, 1915-2002
Notes: p. 449; Sheet music p. 454
Alan Lomax kept asserting that this piece sounded like "Old Ship of Zion" and "Old Time Religion." I found the "Old Ship of Zion" source mentioned by Lomax:
Frank C. Brown Collection of North Carolina Folklore; the folklore of North Carolina, collected by Dr. Frank C. Brown during the years 1912 to 1943, in collaboration with the North Carolina Folklore Society ... General editor: Newman Ivey White; associate editors: Henry M. Belden [and others] Wood engravings by Clare Leighton v.3
I also found mention in the book American Negro Folk-Songs by Newman L. White, but there was again no sheet music.
I did find a recording in the Lomax Archive. You can listen to it here.
"Ole-Time Religion" was much easier to find. It was also in Frank C. Brown Collection of North Carolina Folklore; the folklore of North Carolina, collected by Dr. Frank C. Brown during the years 1912 to 1943, in collaboration with the North Carolina Folklore Society ... General editor: Newman Ivey White; associate editors: Henry M. Belden [and others] Wood engravings by Clare Leighton v.3
That reference sent me to this sheet music from Religious folk-songs of the Negro : as sung at Hampton Institute by R.N. Dett.