Itsukushima Jinja Shrine
known for
known for
Introduction to Benzaiten, in Imafuku-cho, Ashikaga-shi, Tochigi prefecture
Deity enshrined; Ichikishima-Hime-no-Mikoto (市杵島姫命)
Incarnation of Benzaiten (meaning "Sarasvati" in Japanese) ,
god of water and one of the Seven Gods of Good Fortune
The festival is held on the third Sunday of May.
It is said to be one of the seven Benzaiten (guardian deities) enshrined by Kage-naga Nagao, the third lord of the Ashikaga Nagao clan, in the early 16th century to protect Ashikaga Castle (Ryogeyama Castle).
According to a copper plate building tag discovered in 2007 when reconstruction work was started to prevent deterioration, the current shrine was built in 1689 by Rokkaku Hiroharu, who became the lord of Imafuku Village, Ashikaga County, Shimotsuke-no-kuni, and was renovated in 1692.
It is estimated from his travel diary that Watanabe Kazan passed by the shrine in 1831. Kazan (1793 – 1841) was a Japanese painter, scholar and statesman member of the samurai class. Benzaiten is clearly depicted along with the torii gate on an illustrated map published during the Kansei era (1789-1801).
In addition, the adjacent Enju-in Temple was once a medical treatment facility for Ashikaga Gakko and a facility for learning in the community, and is thought to have functioned as one of the bases of a network of learning centered on Ashikaga Gakko.
Thus, it can be said that Benzaiten attracted people not only as a place of local faith, but also as a center of learning and transportation, and left an important mark on history.
There is a small stone shrine carved with the name "Bensaiten" by the reservoir in Imafukuzawa , located just downstream from Ryogaisan via Tenguyama. Since it is called "Okuno-in" by the locals, it is thought that the present shrine, located several hundred meters down the mountain, was built as a "satomiya" for the villagers to worship.
On the east side of this satomiya, there used to be a temple of the Rinzai sect called Enju-in, but it disappeared (or was combined with Benzaiten and the temple) when the temple was shut down in the early Meiji period, and it is also assumed that it continued to exist as Benzaiten.
Imafuku-cho, Ashikaga-shi, Tochigi-Prefecture, Japan
the Seven Benzaiten enshrined by Kage-naga Nagao
It is said to be one of the seven Benzaiten (guardian deities) enshrined by Kage-naga Nagao, the third lord of the Ashikaga Nagao clan, to protect Ashikaga Castle (Ryogaisan Castle) in the early 16th century.
The line connecting the seven Benzaiten overlaps with the fire line used by the fire department to protect the city from fire spreading during the Ryogaizan fire of 2021.
The shrine pavilions, which have been maintained and passed down in the local community since its foundation, had deteriorated significantly and were in danger of collapsing. The shrine was completely renovated, including restoration of the foundation, replacement of the roof with copper shingles, coloring, and other work.
During the dismantling work, a copper plate building tag was found hammered into the back of the shrine's roof, which reads, "Built in May of 1692 by Rokkaku Hiroharu, the lord of Imafuku-mura and the Rokkaku Hatamoto family.
It is inferred from Kazan's travel diary that in 1831, Watanabe Kazan, who had visited Ashikaga Gakko and other places, passed by the side of the shrine grounds on his way from his sojourn to the residence of Tannami domain deputy, Yobe -mura Okada Tatsuzuke. For the diary, please refer to; https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1880092/247
For Watanabe Kazan, a painter, scholar and statesman member of the samurai class in the late Edo period, please refer to; Keene, Donald (2006). Frog In The Well: Portraits of Japan by Watanabe Kazan 1793–1841 (Asia Perspectives). Columbia University Press. ISBN 0231138261.
Rokkaku Haruhiro, who built and renovated the present shrine, is the third generation of the Rokkaku family.
The Rokkaku family is descended from Hiroken, the second son of Mitsuhiro Karasuma Dainagon, a court noble and poet in Kyoto in the early Edo period.
It is thought that he built a reservoir and constructed "Benzaiten Shrine" when he learned that the farmers of Imafuku Village were in need of water. In 1721, he was given eight villages in Aso and Ashikaga counties in Shimono-gun, and two villages in Musashi province. In addition to Imafuku, the Rokkaku family's landholdings in Ashikaga County included Inaoka, Konaka, Yamakawa, Sukedo, Tajima, Okubo, and Sakoma villages.
The lord of Konaka Village who fought for the people of the village was Shozo Tanaka (1841-1913), who later played an active role in helping the victims of the Ashio Mine Poisoning Incident.
Enju-in Temple
Adjacent to Benzaiten used to be a temple of the Rinzai sect called Enjuin.
Today, there is no trace of the temple except for a fragment of a roof tile that is presumed to belong to the temple beside a small shrine next to the Benzaiten shrine building. However, it is believed to have flourished as a full-scale temple during the Kan'ei era, and served as a facility for recuperating students of the Ashikaga School or for learning, including calligraphy, for monks and local residents.